PtCl2-catalyzed reactions of o-alkynylanilines with ethyl propiolate and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate

The PtCl₂-catalyzed reactions between indoles and ethyl propiolate gave rise to mono and double addition products. The composition of the products was largely influenced by the substituents on the indoles as well as the amount of ethyl propiolate used. o-Alkynylanilines reacted with ethyl propiolate and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate under the catalysis of PtCl₂ to generate the corresponding 2,3-disubstituted indoles. The reaction proceeded by following a sequential cyclization/intermolecular addition pathway.     

Infrared spectra and rotational isomerism of ethyl fluoroformate and ethyl propiolate

The infrared absorption spectra of ethyl fluoroformate and ethyl propiolate have been examined in the vapour, solution and solid states. For both esters evidence is found of rotational isomerism arising from internal rotation about the O-C₂H₅ bond, in close agreement with previous work on other ethyl esters.     

Reaction of 1-substituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines with activated alkynes-a new original approach to the synthesis of tetrahydroazocino[5,4-<Emphasis Type="Italic">b</Emphasis>]indoles

The transformations of 1-substituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines by the action of activated alkynes were studied. The action of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in methanol gives products of the opening of the tetrahydropyridine fragment, namely, 2-methoxyalkylindoles. The action of ethyl propiolate in ethanol and of tosylacetylene in methanol gives mixtures of azocino[5,4-b]indoles and 2-alkoxyindoles. The action of ethyl propiolate in acetonitrile gives azocinoindoles. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 703–715, May, 2007.     

Tandem cleavage of 2,3,5-trimethyl 7-trifluoroacetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-pyrrolo[1,2-<Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>]pyrimidine by activated alkynes,caused by Michael addition of a tertiary nitrogen atom to a triple bond

The interaction of 7-trifluoroacetyltetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidine with acetylenedicarboxylic ester (DMAD) and ethyl propiolate in acetonitrile and alcohols has been studied. It was established that DMAD splits pyrrolopyrimidine at the aminal fragment in acetonitrile and methanol with the formation of 1-H-and 2-(N-dimethoxycarbonylvinyl-N-methyl)aminoethyl-1-methoxymethyl-3-methyl-5-trifluoroacetylpyrroles. In acetonitrile ethyl propiolate splits pyrrolopyrimidine both at the aminal fragment and at the C₍₃₎-N₍₂₎ bond (Hofmann reaction), but in ethanol only at the C₍₃₎-N₍₂₎ bond with the formation of 2-propenylpyrroles. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 1082–1087, July, 2007.     

New acrylate systems: derivatives of β-SF5-acrylic acid

Addition of pentafluorothio bromide, SF₅Br, to ethyl propiolate results in an 1:1 adduct, SF₅CHCBrC(O)OC₂H₅, and a small amount of a 1:2 adduct. The former is converted by reduction to the corresponding β-SF₅-acrylic ester, SF₅CHCHC(O)OC₂H₅. Treatment of SF₅CH₂CBr(CH₃)C(O)OCH₃ with base produces methyl-β-SF₅-methacrylate, SF₅CHC(CH₃)C(O)OCH₃. The preparation and characterization of these new compounds are described.     

(Cl2AlNH2)n和(H2AlNH2)n(n=1～5)簇结构及其热力学性质

用HF自洽场理论和密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,在6 31G水平上研究了低聚物(Cl2AlNH2)n和(H2AlNH2)n(n=1～5)簇的几何构型、电子结构和聚合反应热力学性质,比较了两个系列化合物中化学键的强度.结果表明,Cl2AlNH2和H2AlNH2分子为C2 (EC)平面型结构,其中Al－N为由一个σ键和一个键组成的双键.(Cl2AlNH2)n和(H2AlNH2)n(n=1～5)分子为Dnh对称,Al－N是典型的σ单键 .低聚物(Cl2AlNH2)n和(H2AlNH2)n的稳定性顺序分别为: 3 > 2 > 4> 5 > 1和8 > 7 > 9 > 11 > 6.     

Hydrofluorination and bromofluorination of halogeno-substituted ethyl cinnamates and related compounds

We have effected bromofluorination of six olefins (unsubstituted and α or β halogeno-substituted ethyl cinnamates) and ethyl propiolate with N-bromosuccinimide: hydrofluoric acid: pyridine and the hydrofluorination of two β halogeno-ethyl cinnamates and ethyl propiolate with hydrofluoric acid: pyridine. The bromofluorination proceeds with Markovnikov-type and α-halogeno-substituted ethyl cinnamates but faster and not stereospecific for the β-substituted ones and ethyl propiolate. This difference is interpreted for cinnamates as a change in transition state from a bridged bromonium ion to an open-chain ion.     

异核金属多重键配合物Cp_2MM'(μ-C_8H_8)的理论研究

研究了双核金属多重键配合物Cp2MM'(μ-C8H8)(MM'=ScMn,TiCr,ScCo,TiFe,VMn,VV,CrCr)的结构和成键模式.计算结果表明,对于28价电子体系,Cp2V2(μ-C8H8)基态为含V-V三重键的三态构型,其等电子体Cp2TiCr(μ-C8H8)为Ti-Cr四重键的单态,等电子体Cp2ScMn(μ-C8H8)为Sc-Mn三重键的单态.对于30价电子体系,Cp2Cr2(μ-C8H8)基态为含Cr-Cr三重键的单态,等电子体Cp2VMn(μ-C8H8)为含V-Mn单键的三态,等电子体Cp2ScCo(μ-C8H8)和Cp2TiFe(μ-C8H8)为含Sc-Co和Ti-Fe双键的单态.在三态Cp2MM'(μ-C8H8)中,两个金属原子多为17电子构型,而单态结构中两种金属原子多分别为16和18电子构型.     

On the bond order of C2 and N2

The commonly adopted bond order values of C₂ and N₂ are critically investigated with a new bond order concept. Ab initio calculations with extended basis sets suggest that C₂ can be described by a double to triple bond closer to acetylene than to ethylene and N₂ by a triple bond. The basis set dependence is discussed. Also a relation between the number of basis functions, MO's and non-vanishing eigenvalues of the bond order parts of the density matrix is presented.     

Conversion of 2-ethyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethyl- and 2-ethyl-1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-1,2,4,5-tetra-hydro-3h-benz-2-azepines by the action of ethyl propiolate

It has been shown that, on interacting 2-ethyl-3,3,5,5-tetramethyl- and 2-ethyl-1,3,3,5,5-pentamethyl-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-3H-benz-2-azepines with ethyl propiolate in methanol, fission of the azepine ring occurs at the C(1)–N(2) bond involving a molecule of solvent. The indicated azepines do not react with acetylenedicarboxylic acid ester under these conditions.     

多孔SiO_2·xH_2O负载RuB纳米粒子催化喹啉加氢反应

通过水解,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)保护,NaOH刻蚀等方法制备了多孔及富含表面羟基的SiO2·xH2O负载的RuB催化剂RuB/SiO2·xH2O,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱和BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)等手段对该催化剂进行了表征.结果表明该催化剂具有良好的抗中毒能力,在3.0MPa的H2压力和80℃的温和反应条件下,喹啉的转化率高于95%,生成1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉的选择性高于97%.并系统研究了表面羟基和溶剂对催化剂性能的影响,发现以水为溶剂时,RuB/SiO2·xH2O对喹啉加氢反应展示出较高的活性和对1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉较高的选择性,催化剂能够多次循环使用.这一体系的优异催化性能归属于载体表面羟基和水的协同作用.     

Treatment of Baylis-Hillman adducts with triethyl orthoacetate in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts: a method for the stereoselective synthesis of two different types of trisubstituted alkenes

Baylis-Hillman adducts on treatment with triethyl orthoacetate in the presence of HClO₄-SiO₂ afford the corresponding allyl ethyl ethers while in the presence of NaHSO₄-SiO₂ undergo the Johnson-Claisen rearrangement to form ethyl alk-4-enoates. Thus two different types of trisubstituted alkenes are produced in a stereoselective manner using two different hetereogeneous catalysts.     

Dipolar cycloaddition reactions of organic azides with some acetylenic compounds

Phenyl azide 1 and several substituted benzyl azides 2a-o underwent 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate 3, phenylacetylene 4 and ethyl propiolate 5 to afford the triazoles 6-13. The reactions of these azides with ethyl propiolate were found to be completely regiospecific.     

ZrW1.7ⅥW0.3ⅤO7H0.3(OH)2·2H2O的合成与表征

分别利用微乳液水热法和酸蒸气水热法合成了杂多蓝化合物ZrW1.7ⅥW0.3ⅤO7H0.3(OH)2·2H2O.XRD测定结果表明,该化合物与ZrMo2O7(OH)2·2H2O具有相同晶体结构类型.使用Rietveld方法对产物进行了结构精修,并计算出了键参数和键价.运用EPR技术测定了该化合物中W的价态,并利用XPS能谱测定了W/W的比例.利用价键和规则,指出ZrW1.7ⅥW0.3ⅤO7H0.3(OH)2·2H2O中的W—O3—H0.15存在羟基化现象,并对杂多蓝化合物的红外吸收光谱进行了指认.     

Synthesis and michael reaction of 3,4-dimethylpyrrole

A two step synthesis of 3,4-dimethylpyrrole via the reduction of 3-carboethoxy-4-methyl-pyrrole is described. Michael addition of methyl vinyl ketone and butyn-2-one to 3,4-dimethylpyrrole gives the bisadducts, 2,5-bis(3-oxobutyl)-3,4-dimethylpyrrole and 2,5-bis(3-oxobutenyl)-3,4-dimethylpyrrole, respectively, while ethyl propiolate affords only the monoadduct, ethyl 3-(3,4-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl)propenoate. Catalytic reduction of the latter ester gives ethyl 3-(3,4-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl)propanoate which with ethyl propiolate gives ethyl 3-(5-carbethoxyethyl-3,4-dimethyl-2-yl)propenoate.     

1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Ethyl Propiolate to 4,4-Dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-dithiolo-[5,4-c]quinoline-1-thiones

The interaction of ethyl propiolate with 4,4-dimethyl-4,5-dihydro-2,3-dithiolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1-thiones leads to 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidenes, 1,6,6a(l4)-trithiapentalene, or thiino[2,3-c]quinolines depending on the conditions.     

Optically active nitrile oxides: synthesis and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions

Baker’s yeast-promoted reduction of the CC bond in 2-aryl-1-nitropropenes gave the corresponding optically active (R)-2-aryl-1-nitropropanes of high enantiomeric purity (ee >90%). They were next converted with the aid of the Mukaiyama and Hoshino method into the optically active nitrile oxides, which were made to react in situ with ethyl propiolate, methylvinyl ketone and (R)-1-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl acrylate to yield the appropriate, enantiomerically enriched, isoxazoles or 4,5-dihydroisoxazoles as diastereomeric mixtures, respectively.     

Band structure calculations on the monoclinic bulk and nano-SrAl2O4 crystals

The electronic structure of SrAl₂O₄ is calculated by density functional method and exchange and correlation have been treated by the generalized gradient approximation within the scheme due to Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof. The bond length and bond covalency are also calculated by chemical bond method. Compared with the SrAl₂O₄ bulk crystal, the bond covalency of nanocrystal has an increasing trend; its band gap also is wider; the bond lengths of SrAl₂O₄ nanocrystal become shorter, which is responsible for the change of the covalency and band gap.     

Stereoselective 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of a chiral nitrone derived from erythrulose. An experimental and DFT theoretical study

We have investigated several 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of a chiral nitrone prepared from L-erythrulose. While cycloadditions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds of dipolarophiles such as ethyl acrylate, ethyl propiolate, or dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate were poorly stereoselective, reaction with acrylonitrile provided predominantly one diastereomeric adduct. Furthermore, the regioselectivity exhibited by the two structurally similar dipolarophiles ethyl acrylate and ethyl propiolate was found to be opposite. The molecular mechanisms of these cycloadditions have thus been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) methods with the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G and 6-31+G basis sets. A simplified achiral version of nitrone 1 as the dipole, and methyl propiolate or acrylonitrile as the dipolarophiles, were chosen as computational models. The cycloadditions have been shown to take place through one-step pathways in which the C-C and C-O sigma bonds are formed in a nonsynchronous way. For the reaction with methyl propiolate, DFT calculations predict the experimentally observed meta regioselectivity. For the reaction with acrylonitrile, however, the predicted regioselectivity has been found to depend on the computational level used. The calculations further indicate the exo approach to be energetically favored in the case of the latter dipolarophile, in agreement with experimental findings. The main reason for this is the steric repulsion between the nitrile function and one of the methyl groups on the nitrone that progressively develops in the alternative endo approach.     

Solvent effects in a carbenoid N-H insertion route to triarylamines via 2-diazo-1,3-cyclohexanedione

The Rh-carbenoid derived from 2-diazo-1,3-cyclohexanedione inserts into the N-H bond of arylalkylamines and diarylamines. A solvent for this reactive carbenoid is suggested. The insertion products undergo a Pd-mediated aromatization to afford alkyldiarylamines and triarylamines.