Asymptotic behavior of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Fourier problem in a thick multilevel junction

A spectral boundary-value problem is considered in a plane thick two-level junction Ω_ε formed as the union of a domain Ω₀ and a large number 2N of thin rods with thickness of order ε = O(N ⁻¹). The thin rods are split into two levels depending on their length. In addition, the thin rods from the indicated levels are ε-periodically alternating. The Fourier conditions are given on the lateral boundaries of the thin rods. The asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions is investigated as ε → 0, i.e., when the number of thin rods infinitely increases and their thickness approaches zero. The Hausdorff convergence of the spectrum is proved as ε → 0, the leading terms of asymptotics are constructed, and the corresponding asymptotic estimates are justified for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Published in Ukrains’kyi Matematychnyi Zhurnal, Vol. 58, No. 2, pp. 195–216, February, 2006.     

Homogenization of a parabolic signorini boundary value problem in a thick plane junction

We consider a parabolic Signorini boundary value problem in a thick plane junction Ω _ε which is the union of a domain Ω₀ and a large number of ε−periodically situated thin rods. The Signorini conditions are given on the vertical sides of the thin rods. The asymptotic analysis of this problem is done as ε → 0, i.e., when the number of the thin rods infinitely increases and their thickness tends to zero. With the help of the integral identity method we prove a convergence theorem and show that the Signorini conditions are transformed (as ε → 0) in differential inequalities in the region that is filled up by the thin rods in the limit passage. Bibliography: 31 titles. Illustrations: 1 figure.     

On Representations of Integers in Thin Subgroups of {{\rm SL}_2({\mathbb {Z}})}

Let ${\Gamma < {\rm SL}(2, {\mathbb Z})}Let G < SL(2, \mathbb Z){\Gamma < {\rm SL}(2, {\mathbb Z})} be a free, finitely generated Fuchsian group of the second kind with no parabolics, and fix two primitive vectors v₀, w₀ ? \mathbb Z²  \  {0}{v_{0}, w_{0} \in \mathbb {Z}^{2} \, {\backslash} \, \{0\}}. We consider the set S{\mathcal {S}} of all integers occurring in áv₀g, w₀?{\langle v_{0}\gamma, w_{0}\rangle}, for g ? G{\gamma \in \Gamma} and the usual inner product on \mathbb R²{\mathbb {R}^2}. Assume that the critical exponent δ of Γ exceeds 0.99995, so that Γ is thin but not too thin. Using a variant of the circle method, new bilinear forms estimates and Gamburd’s 5/6-th spectral gap in infinite-volume, we show that S{\mathcal {S}} contains almost all of its admissible primes, that is, those not excluded by local (congruence) obstructions. Moreover, we show that the exceptional set \mathfrak E(N){\mathfrak {E}(N)} of integers |n| < N which are locally admissible (n ? S   (mod  q)   for all   q 3 1){(n \in \mathcal {S} \, \, ({\rm mod} \, q) \, \, {\rm for\,all} \,\, q \geq 1)} but fail to be globally represented, n ? S{n \notin \mathcal {S}}, has a power savings, |\mathfrak E(N)| << N^1-e₀{|\mathfrak {E}(N)| \ll N^{1-\varepsilon_{0}}} for some ${\varepsilon_{0} > 0}${\varepsilon_{0} > 0}, as N → ∞.     

Approximations of the exponential of an operator with periodic coefficients

We consider the operator exponential e ^−tA , t > 0, where A is a selfadjoint positive definite operator corresponding to the diffusion equation in \mathbbRⁿ {\mathbb{R}^n} with measurable 1-periodic coefficients, and approximate it in the operator norm ||   ·   ||_{L²( \mathbbRⁿ ) ? L²( \mathbbRⁿ )} {\left\| {\; \cdot \;} \right\|_{{{L^2}\left( {{\mathbb{R}^n}} \right) \to {L^2}\left( {{\mathbb{R}^n}} \right)}}} with order O( t ^{- \fracm2} ) O\left( {{t^{{ - \frac{m}{2}}}}} \right) as t → ∞, where m is an arbitrary natural number. To construct approximations we use the homogenized parabolic equation with constant coefficients, the order of which depends on m and is greater than 2 if m > 2. We also use a collection of 1-periodic functions N _α (x), x ? \mathbbRⁿ x \in {\mathbb{R}^n} , with multi-indices α of length | a| \leqslant m \left| \alpha \right| \leqslant m , that are solutions to certain elliptic problems on the periodicity cell. These results are used to homogenize the diffusion equation with ε-periodic coefficients, where ε is a small parameter. In particular, under minimal regularity conditions, we construct approximations of order O(ε ^m ) in the L ²-norm as ε → 0. Bibliography: 14 titles.     

Convergence and Stability of Locally ℝ N -Invariant Solutions of Ricci Flow

Valuable models for immortal solutions of Ricci flow that collapse with bounded curvature come from locally $\mathcal{G}Valuable models for immortal solutions of Ricci flow that collapse with bounded curvature come from locally G\mathcal{G} -invariant solutions on bundles G^N\hookrightarrowM \oversetp? Bⁿ\mathcal{G}^{N}\hookrightarrow\mathcal{M}\,\overset{\pi }{\mathcal{\longrightarrow}}\,\mathcal{B}^{n} , with G\mathcal{G} a nilpotent Lie group. In this paper, we establish convergence and asymptotic stability, modulo smooth finite-dimensional center manifolds, of certain ℝ ^N -invariant model solutions. In case N+n=3, our results are relevant to work of Lott classifying the asymptotic behavior of all 3-dimensional Ricci flow solutions whose sectional curvatures and diameters are respectively O(t^-1)\mathcal{O}(t^{-1}) and O(t^1/2)\mathcal{O}(t^{1/2}) as t→∞.     

Asymptotics for Two-Dimensional Atoms

We prove that the ground state energy of an atom confined to two dimensions with an infinitely heavy nucleus of charge Z > 0 and N quantum electrons of charge −1 is E(N,Z)=-\frac12Z²ln Z+(E^TF(l)+\frac12c^H)Z²+o(Z²){E(N,Z)=-\frac{1}{2}Z^2{\rm ln} Z+(E^{\rm TF}(\lambda)+\frac{1}{2}c^{\rm H})Z^2+o(Z^2)} when Z → ∞ and N/Z → λ, where E ^TF(λ) is given by a Thomas–Fermi type variational problem and c ^H ≈ −2.2339 is an explicit constant. We also show that the radius of a two-dimensional neutral atom is unbounded when Z → ∞, which is contrary to the expected behavior of three-dimensional atoms.     

The Generalised Dyson Circular Unitary Ensemble: Asymptotic Distribution of the Eigenvalues at the Origin of the Spectrum

The first part of this paper is devoted to the study of F_N{\Phi_N} the orthogonal polynomials on the circle, with respect to a weight of type f = (1 − cos θ) ^α c where c is a sufficiently smooth function and ${\alpha > -\frac{1}{2}}${\alpha > -\frac{1}{2}}. We obtain an asymptotic expansion of the coefficients F^*(p)_N(1){\Phi^{*(p)}_{N}(1)} for all integer p where F^*_N{\Phi^*_N} is defined by F^*_N (z) = z^N [`(F)]_N(\frac1z) (z 1 0){\Phi^*_N (z) = z^N \bar \Phi_N(\frac{1}{z})\ (z \not=0)}. These results allow us to obtain an asymptotic expansion of the associated Christofel–Darboux kernel, and to compute the distribution of the eigenvalues of a family of random unitary matrices. The proof of the results related to the orthogonal polynomials are essentially based on the inversion of the Toeplitz matrix associated to the symbol f.     

Asymptotic behaviour for a nonlocal diffusion equation on a lattice

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour as t → ∞ of solutions to a nonlocal diffusion problem on a lattice, namely, u^￠_n(t) = ?_{j ? \mathbbZ^d} J_n-ju_j(t)-u_n(t)u^{\prime}_{n}(t) = \sum_{{j\in}{{{\mathbb{Z}}}^{d}}} J_{n-j}u_{j}(t)-u_{n}(t) with t ≥ 0 and n ? \mathbbZ^dn \in {\mathbb{Z}}^{d}. We assume that J is nonnegative and verifies ?_{n ? \mathbbZ^d}J_n = 1\sum_{{n \in {\mathbb{Z}}}^{d}}J_{n}= 1. We find that solutions decay to zero as t → ∞ and prove an optimal decay rate using, as our main tool, the discrete Fourier transform.     

Homogenization of the diffusion equation with nonlinear flux condition on the interior boundary of a perforated domain — the influence of the scaling on the nonlinearity in the effective sink-source term

In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions u _ε of the initial boundary value problem for parabolic equations in domains W_e ì \mathbbRⁿ {\Omega_\varepsilon } \subset {\mathbb{R}^n} , n ≥ 3, perforated periodically by balls with radius of critical size ε ^α , α = n/(n − 2), and distributed with period ε. On the boundary of the balls a nonlinear third boundary condition is imposed. The weak convergence of the solutions u _ε to the solution of an effective equation is given. Furthermore, an improved approximation for the gradient of the microscopic solutions is constructed, and a corrector result with respect to the energy norm is proved.     

Arithmetic mean of differences of Dedekind sums

Recently, Girstmair and Schoissengeier studied the asymptotic behavior of the arithmetic mean of Dedekind sums \frac1j(N) ? _{0 ￡ m < Ngcd(m,N)=1} |S(m,N)|\frac{1}{\varphi(N)} \sum_{\mathop{\mathop{ 0 \le m< N}}\limits_{\gcd(m,N)=1}} \vert S(m,N)\vert , as N → ∞. In this paper we consider the arithmetic mean of weighted differences of Dedekind sums in the form A_h(Q)=\frac1?_{\fracaq ? FQ}h(\fracaq) ×?_{\fracaq ? FQ}h(\fracaq) |s(a^￠,q^￠)-s(a,q)|A_{h}(Q)=\frac{1}{\sum_{\frac{a}{q} \in {\cal F}_{Q}}h\left(\frac{a}{q}\right)} \times \sum_{\frac{a}{q} \in {\cal F}_{\!Q}}h\left(\frac{a}{q}\right) \vert s(a^{\prime},q^{\prime})-s(a,q)\vert , where h:[0,1] ? \Bbb Ch:[0,1] \rightarrow {\Bbb C} is a continuous function with ò₀¹ h(t)  d t 1 0\int_0^1 h(t) \, {\rm d} t \ne 0 , \fracaq{\frac{a}{q}} runs over F_Q{\cal F}_{\!Q} , the set of Farey fractions of order Q in the unit interval [0,1] and \fracaq < \fraca^￠q^￠{\frac{a}{q}}<\frac{a^{\prime}}{q^{\prime}} are consecutive elements of F_Q{\cal F}_{\!Q} . We show that the limit lim _Q→∞ A _h (Q) exists and is independent of h.     

On the asymptotic expansion of the solution of the plane Stokes problem in a perforated domain

This article deals with the asymptotic behavior as ε → 0 of the solution {u _ɛ, p _ɛ} of the plane Stokes problem in a perforated domain. The limit problem is constructed and estimates for the speed of convergence are obtained. It is shown that the speed of convergence is of order O(ε ^3/2). __________ Translated from Trudy Seminara imeni I. G. Petrovskogo, No. 25, pp. 3–20, 2005.     

On Some Rational Triangles

We prove that every set of n ≥ 3 points in \mathbbR²{\mathbb{R}^2} can be slightly perturbed to a set of n points in \mathbbQ²{\mathbb{Q}^2} so that at least 3(n − 2) of mutual distances between those new points are rational numbers. Some special rational triangles that are arbitrarily close to a given triangle are also considered. Given a triangle ABC, we show that for each ε > 0 there is a triangle A′B′C′ with rational sides and at least one rational median such that |AA′|, |BB′|, |CC′| < ε and a Heronian triangle A′′B′′C′′ with three rational internal angle bisectors such that A^￠￠, B^￠￠, C^￠￠ ? \mathbbQ²{A^{\prime\prime}, B^{\prime\prime}, C^{\prime\prime} \in \mathbb{Q}^2} and |AA′′|, |BB′′|, |CC′′| < ε.     

Asymptotic analysis of a parabolic semilinear problem with nonlinear boundary multiphase interactions in a perforated domain

We consider a parabolic semilinear problem with rapidly oscillating coefficients in a domain Ω_ε that is ε-periodically perforated by small holes of size O\mathcal {O}(ε). The holes are divided into two ε-periodical sets depending on the boundary interaction at their surfaces, and two different nonlinear Robin boundary conditions σ_ε(u _ε) + εκ _m (u _ε) = εg ^(m) _ε, m = 1, 2, are imposed on the boundaries of holes. We study the asymptotics as ε → 0 and establish a convergence theorem without using extension operators. An asymptotic approximation of the solution and the corresponding error estimate are also obtained. Bibliography: 60 titles. Illustrations: 1 figure.     

Platonic polyhedra,topological constraints and periodic solutions of the classical <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-body problem

We prove the existence of a number of smooth periodic motions u _∗ of the classical Newtonian N-body problem which, up to a relabeling of the N particles, are invariant under the rotation group R\mathcal{R} of one of the five Platonic polyhedra. The number N coincides with the order |R||\mathcal{R}| of R\mathcal{R} and the particles have all the same mass. Our approach is variational and u _∗ is a minimizer of the Lagrangian action A\mathcal{A} on a suitable subset K\mathcal{K} of the H ¹ T-periodic maps u:ℝ→ℝ^3N . The set K{\mathcal {K}} is a cone and is determined by imposing on u both topological and symmetry constraints which are defined in terms of the rotation group R\mathcal{R}. There exist infinitely many such cones K{\mathcal {K}}, all with the property that A|_K{\mathcal {A}}|_{{\mathcal {K}}} is coercive. For a certain number of them, using level estimates and local deformations, we show that minimizers are free of collisions and therefore classical solutions of the N-body problem with a rich geometric–kinematic structure.     

Asymptotic Theory for Fractional Regression Models via Malliavin Calculus

We study the asymptotic behavior as n→∞ of the sequence

Nonexistence of invariant graphs in all supercritical energy levels of mechanical Lagrangians in T 2

Let (T², g) be a smooth Riemannian structure in the torus T². We show that given ε > 0 and any C^∞ function U : T² → ℝ there exists a C¹ function U_ε with Lipschitz derivatives that is ε-C⁰ close to U for which there are no continuous invariant graphs in any supercritical energy level of the mechanical Lagrangian L_ε : TT² → ℝ given by . We also show that given n ∈ ℕ, the set of C^∞ potentials U : T² → ℝ for which there are no continuous invariant graphs in any supercritical energy level E ≤ n of is C⁰ dense in the set of C^∞ functions. Partially supported by CNPq, FAPERJ-Cientistas do nosso estado.     

Existence of Solutions to a Singular Elliptic Equation

We study the equation ${{-{\Delta}u = (-\frac{1}{u^{\beta}}+\lambda{u}^{p})\chi\{u >0 }\}}${{-{\Delta}u = (-\frac{1}{u^{\beta}}+\lambda{u}^{p})\chi\{u >0 }\}} in Ω with Dirichlet boundary condition, where 0 < p < 1 and 0 < β < 1. We regularize the term 1/u ^β near u ~ 0 by using a function g _ε (u) which pointwisely tends to 1/u ^β as ε → 0. When the parameter λ > 0 is large enough, the corresponding energy functional has critical points u _ε . Letting ε → 0, then u _ε converges to a solution of the original problem, which is nontrivial, nonnegative and vanishes at some portion of Ω. There are two nontrivial solutions.     

Homogenization of the Neumann problem for the Lamé equations of linear elasticity in domains with a periodic system of channels of small length

The problem of homogenization is considered for the solutions of the Neumann problem for the Lamé system of plane elasticity in two-dimensional domains with channels that have the form of rectilinear cylinders of length ε ^q (ε is a small positive parameter, q = const > 0) and radius a _ɛ. The bases of the channels form an ε-periodic structure on the hyperplane {x ∈ ℝ²: x ₁ = 0} and their number is equal to N _ɛ= O(ɛ⁻¹) as ε → 0. Under the limit condition lim on the parameters characterizing the geometry of the domain, the weak H ¹-limit of the generalized solution of this problem is found. __________ Translated from Trudy Seminara imeni I. G. Petrovskogo, No. 25, pp. 310–322, 2005.     

On the sets of branch points of mappings more general than quasiregular

It is shown that if a point x ₀ ∊ ℝ ⁿ , n ≥ 3, is an essential isolated singularity of an open discrete Q-mapping f : D → [`(\mathbb R<sup>n</sup>)] \overline {\mathbb {R}^n} , B <sub>f</sub> is the set of branch points of f in D; and a point z <sub>0</sub> ∊ [`(\mathbb Rⁿ)] \overline {\mathbb {R}^n} is an asymptotic limit of f at the point x ₀; then, for any neighborhood U containing the point x ₀; the point z ₀ ∊ [`(f( B<sub>f</sub> ?U ))] \overline {f\left( {B_f \cap U} \right)} provided that the function Q has either a finite mean oscillation at the point x <sub>0</sub> or a logarithmic singularity whose order does not exceed n − 1: Moreover, for n ≥ 2; under the indicated conditions imposed on the function Q; every point of the set [`(\mathbb Rⁿ)] \overline {\mathbb {R}^n} \ f(D) is an asymptotic limit of f at the point x ₀. For n ≥ 3, the following relation is true: [`(\mathbbR<sup>n</sup> )] \f( D ) ì [`(f B_f )] \overline {\mathbb{R}^n } \backslash f\left( D \right) \subset \overline {f\,B_f } . In addition, if ￥ ? f( D ) \infty \notin f\left( D \right) , then the set f B _f is infinite and x₀ ? [`(B_f )] x_0 \in \overline {B_f } .     

The asymptotics of the solution to the Neumann spectral problem in a domain of the “dense-comb” type

Convergence theorems and asymptotic estimates (as ε → 0) are proved for the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of the Neumann problem in a dense singular junction Ω _ɛ of a domain Ω₀ and a large number N of thin cylinders with thickness of order ε=lN⁻¹, where l is the total length of common boundaries for Ω₀ and the cylinders in question. Bibliography: 27 titles. We dedicate the present paper to Olga Arsenievna Oleinik, as a symbol of our deep respect and gratitude Translated from Trudy Seminara imeni I G. Petrovskogo, No. 19. pp. 000-000. 0000.