测定可见光区分光光度系组成的新方法

本文报道一种测定二元分光光度系组成的新方法,原理新颖,为作者首创,采用双波长分光光度技术消除显色产物的影响,直接测定与显色剂平衡浓度相对应的吸光度,通过简单的计算即可求得产物组成。     

双波长分光光度法测定有机弱酸弱碱的解离常数

本文提出了一种测定有机一元弱酸弱碱解离常数的新方法———双波长分光光度法。该方法是在选定的一对工作波长下测定相同浓度不同pH值的有机一元弱酸弱碱水溶液的吸光度,利用所推导的公式作图求得pKa(或pKb)。利用本方法测定了甲基橙、溴甲酚绿、苯酚和苯胺等多种常见的有机一元弱酸弱碱的解离常数,结果十分满意。与传统的单波长分光光度法相比,双波长法测定结果的精密度和准确度更高。     

双显色剂双波长分光光度法的研究——Ⅰ.水相中中心离子交换测定微量汞

对Cu(DDTC)_2+Hg~(2+)=Hg(DDTC)_2+Cu~(2+)褪色反应,加入另一种显色剂进行显色反应Cu~(2+)+2BCO=Cu(BCO)_2,在450nm处测量Cu(DDTC)_2吸光度的减少,600nm处测量Cu(BCO)_2吸光度的增加,以两处吸光度差值的和作Hg~(2+)的定量测定,从而建立了测定微量汞的双显色剂双波长分光光度法。该方法的ε=3.7×10~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。检出限为0.14ppm,标准物质检验的相对误差和变异系数分别小于2%和5%。     

双波长分光光度法同时测定溶液中的硝酸根和碘离子

食品和环境样品中往往同时含有硝酸根和碘离子,用紫外分光光度法直接测定硝酸根或碘离子时,二者相互干扰。为此建立了主、次波长分别为220.0、231.5 nm的等吸收点双波长紫外分光光度法测定溶液中的硝酸根和共存的碘离子。当溶液中硝酸根的浓度在0~0.12 mmol/L的范围内,碘离子的浓度在0~0.10 mmol/L的范围内时,主、次波长下的吸光度差值A220-231.5与溶液中硝酸根的浓度 呈良好线性关系,线性方程为A220-231.5 = 2.9958 0.0016（R2 = 0.99994）;其中A220 (NO3-) = 3.6099 0.0084（R2 = 0.99994）,利用吸光度的加和性：A220 (I-) = A220 - A220 (NO3-) = 10.7394 0.0029（R2 = 0.99994）,间接得到碘离子含量 。硝酸根和碘离子的平均相对标准偏差分别为0.6%、0.2%,回收率分别为99.5~102%、99.9~100%。方法简便快捷,可用于溶液中微量硝酸根和碘离子的同时测定。     

紫外可见分光光度计线性范围的校准

建立紫外可见分光光度计线性范围的校准方法。通过实验对紫外可见分光光度计线性范围的校准进行研究,提出了相应的校准方法和技术指标。采用重铬酸钾标准物质进行校准,测量波长为257 nm。线性范围下限不大于1.0×10–3 mg/mL,线性范围上限不小于0.10 mg/mL。该校准方法覆盖了JJG 178–2007 《紫外、可见、近红外分光光度计检定规程》中没有覆盖的吸光度范围,能够实现紫外可见分光光度计全范围吸光度的计量校准。     

利用夜蓝-亚硝酸根反应以双波长叠加分光光度法测定微量亚硝酸根

1　引　　言在稀盐酸溶液中 ,夜蓝可与ＮＯ-2 发生亚硝化反应。夜蓝的λｍａｘ位于 61 3ｎｍ ,亚硝化反应后λｍａｘ红移至 63 9ｎｍ ;同时在5 5 8ｎｍ处褪色 ,出现一较强的波谷 ,λｍａｘ和最大褪色波长处吸光度的变化均与ＮＯ-2 浓度成正比。可借λｍａｘ 或最大褪色波长或利用双波长叠加法对ＮＯ-2 进行测定 ,因而建立了夜蓝双波长叠加测定亚硝酸根的新方法 ,实验表明 :该法简便 ,稳定性和选择性良好 ,灵敏度是已报道的同类反应中最高的。2　实验部分2 .1　主要试剂和仪器　ＵＶ85 0 0紫外 可见分光光度计 (上海天美公司 ) ;72 2光栅分光…     

双波长叠加分光光度法测定钯

建立了以新合成试剂5-(5-碘-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-1-PADAT)做显色剂双波长叠加分光光度法测定微量钯的新方法.在0.6～2.4 mol/L HClO4介质中,Pd(Ⅱ)与5-I-PADAT反应形成1∶1蓝紫色络合物,该络合物呈现两个强弱不等的吸收峰,分别位于在584 nm和546 nm,吸光度...     

双波长分光光度法的研究进展

文中对双波长分光光度法在近十年来的研究进展作了评述。内容分为4部分：①常规双波长分光光度法；②标准加入法-双波长分光光度法；③计算双波长分光光度法及④双峰双波长分光光度法，引述文献23篇。     

双波长分光光度-K系数法同时测定荷花玉兰花叶中三种黄酮成分

应用双波长分光光度K系数法测定了荷花玉兰花叶中主要黄酮类成分芦丁、槲皮素和山萘酚.选择297 nm/293 nm,381 nm/397 am,428 nm/451 mn为分析波长对,三种组分的线性范围分别为0.635～12.7,0.576～11.5,0.456～9.12 mg·L-1;样品测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=5)分别为0.1%,0.9%,2.1%;样品加标回收率分别为103.0%,98.4%,97.7%.     

双波长分光光度法测定铝土矿中微量磷

建立了双波长分光光度法测定铝土矿中微量磷的方法。探讨并优化了测定波长、Mo(Ⅵ)和Mo(Ⅴ)浓度、显色酸度等条件,与国家标准分析方法对照,测定结果较满意,适用于二氧化硅含量小于45%的铝土矿石或硅酸盐中微量磷的测定。     

HPLC紫外分光检测器的波长范围、波长准确度和波长重复性及其测试方法的探讨

根据实践,提出了高压液相色谱（HPLC）紫外分光检测器的波长范围、波长准确度和波长重复性等技术指标的具体、简易、可行的测试方法,可供有关设计、制造、使用者参考．     

Wavelength Orthogonal Photodynamic Networks

The ability of light to remotely control the properties of soft matter materials in a dynamic fashion has fascinated material scientists and photochemists for decades. However, only recently has our ability to map photochemical reactivity in a finely wavelength resolved fashion allowed for different colors of light to independently control the material properties of polymer networks with high precision, driven by monochromatic irradiation enabling orthogonal reaction control. The current concept article highlights the progress in visible light-induced photochemistry and explores how it has enabled the design of polymer networks with dynamically adjustable properties. We will explore current applications ranging from dynamic hydrogel design to the light-driven adaptation of 3D printed structures on the macro- and micro-scale. While the alternation of mechanical properties via remote control is largely reality for soft matter materials, we herein propose the next frontiers for adaptive properties, including remote switching between conductive and non-conductive properties, hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, fluorescent or non-fluorescent, and cell adhesive vs. cell repellent properties.     

基于颜色主波长与补色波长的比色法定量检测

利用sRGB(Standard RGB)颜色空间与国际照明委员会(CIE)色度系统的转化关系以及CIE 1931色品图的性质,编写MATLAB程序实现了颜色的RGB信息到颜色主波长或补色波长的转化,并将此程序用于分析面光源下采集到的显色产物的图片。利用颜色的主波长实现了对pH值的定量检测,利用颜色的补色波长完成了对亚硝酸根离子的定量检测。当pH值分别在4.0~7.0和7.5~10.0范围内,pH值均与其显色产物颜色的主波长呈线性变化;亚硝酸根离子浓度在10~40 mg/L范围内与其显色产物颜色的补色波长有良好的线性关系,通过结合图片的G值分析,扩大了传统吸收光谱法的检测范围。     

Wavelength independence of Eu quantum yields

A quantitative comparison between the excitation and absorption spectra of Eu³⁺ in aqueous solution is given which leads to the conclusion that fluorescence quantum yields are independent of the excitation wavelength. Use is made therefore of the series of homologous lines ⁵D₃, ⁵D₂, ⁵D₁, ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁.     

Wavelength Flexibility in Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization

The spectral sensitivity of onium salt photoinitiators in cationic polymerization can be tuned from the short wavelength region of the UV spectrum to wavelengths up to the visible region by using direct and indirect activation, respectively. Indirect activation is based on the electron transfer reactions between onium salts and free radical photoinitiators, appropriate sensitizers and compounds capable of forming charge transfer complexes. Bisacylphosphine oxides, dimanganese decacarbonyl in conjunction with alkyl halides and titanocene type photoinitiators such as Irgacure 784 were shown to be useful free radical promoters providing the possibility of performing cationic polymerization in the long wavelength and visible region. The synthetic routes to prepare block copolymers by using electron transfer photosensitization and free radical promoted cationic polymerization are also described.     

甲基戊糖的双波长紫外分光光度分析法

对一种甲基戊糖的分光光度法加以改进，采用正交设计法选择实验中试剂量的最佳组合，并分析了测定中相关参数的影响。该法简单、快速、精确、灵敏度高，检测线性范围为2－90mg/L，测量鼠李糖的相对误差为2.6%。文中还以实际发酵液作为分析对象，用高压液相色谱法验证了该检测技术的可靠性。     

Citric Acid Determination by Dual Wavelength Spectrophotometry

In this study, a dual wavelength spectrophotometric method was presented on the basis of Cu²⁺‐NH₃ complex decomposition by the citrate ion and the formation of Cu²⁺‐citrate complex. Sum of the absorbance decreasing at 600 nm (λ_max for Cu²⁺‐NH₃ complex) and the absorbance increasing at 750 nm (λ_max for Cu²⁺‐citrate complex) was used in quantification. This method is very selective, fast and inexpensive but relatively less sensitive. The calibration curve is linear in the range of 0.4–8 mmol/L with a detection limit of 0.13 mmol/L. The relative standard deviation (RSD%) for the six repeated determinations (2 mmol/L) is 1.75%. Interference studies of more than twenty common compounds, which are present in the studied samples, were carried out. Only oxalic and ascorbic acids are serious interferes and which interferences were eliminated by simple procedures. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied in the determination of citric acid content in ORS powder and some fruit juices.     

Wavelength dependence for ornithine decarboxylase induction in vivo

Abstract— The wavelength dependence for ornithine decarboxylase induction was investigated in vivo in the epidermis of albino hairless mice. A 4 cm² area of dorsal skin was exposed to narrow wavebands (HPBW 6.6 nm) from a monochromator optically coupled to a 5 kW Xe arc source. Dose-response studies were caried out at 260, 275, 290, 300 and 315 nm. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after irradiation and the epidermis separated and assayed for ODC activity. A dose-related induction of ODC was observed at 260, 275, 290 and 300 nm. No stimulation was observed following exposure to 315 nm (maximal dose 6400 J/m²). ODC induction appeared to be linearly related to log UV dose within the dose range of 200 to 1600 J/m². The dose required to induce an approximately 50-fold increase in activity (1.5 nmol CO₂/h/mg protein) was determined from the dose-response regression lines and used to construct an action spectrum. Peak effectiveness occurred at 290 nm, with a rapid loss after 300 nm. After correction for epidermal transmission, peak effectiveness was shown to occur around 260 nm.     

RNA Interference Controlled by Light of Variable Wavelength

Known molecular, “caged” siRNAs are activated by UV light. Since the light of this type is toxic to cells, the uncaging can cause undesired side effects. A modular, molecular system for designing siRNAs is reported, which can be activated by non‐toxic light in live cells. For example, siRNAs responsive to green and red light are described. The uncaging is mediated by ¹O₂ photogenerated on a photosensitizer, which is attached to the 3′‐terminus of the lagging strand. The 5′‐terminus of the guide strand is alkylated (“caged”) with a 9‐anthracenyl residue. The latter fragment reacts with the ¹O₂ with formation of the free (uncaged) 5′‐OH terminus. Simultaneously with the uncaging the photosensitizer is bleached and no more ¹O₂ is generated after this process is completed. The photoactivation of the siRNAs described here is not toxic to cells.