(r(t)y′)′+a(t)y=F(t,y)解的有界性与零解的稳定性

本文讨论二阶非线性微分方程(r(t)y′)′+a(t)y=F(t,y) (1)解的有界性与零解的稳定性问题,证明在一类简单条件下,(1)的解与线性齐次方程(r(t)y′)′+a(t)y=0 (2)的解具有相同类型的有界性质与稳定性.本文推广了[2,3]的相应工作.在[3]中令g(x(t))=y)(t),则[3]的方程包含于(1)中,且x(t)与y(t)具有相同的渐近性质. 现作如下的基本假设:     

关于方程(a(t,y)y′)′=f(t,y,y′)的某些边值问题的可解性

本文在假设α(t,y)为正连续函数的情形下,把Granas, Petryshyn, Schuur等关于方程y″=f(t, y, y′)在有限或无限区间上的边值问题的可解性推广到方程(α(t, y)y′)′=f(t, y, y′)所用方法是Leray-Schauder原理及Wazewski拓朴方法。     

Transformations z(t) = L(t)y(ϕ(t)) of ordinary differential equations

The paper describes the general form of an ordinary differential equation of an order n + 1 (n ≥ 1) which allows a nontrivial global transformation consisting of the change of the independent variable and of a nonvanishing factor. A result given by J. Aczél is generalized. A functional equation of the form $f\left( {s,w_{00} \upsilon _0 ,...,\sum\limits_{j = 0}^n {w_{nj\upsilon _j } } } \right) = \sum\limits_{j = 0}^n {w_{n + 1j\upsilon j} + w_{n + 1n + 1} f\left( {x,\upsilon ,\upsilon _1 ,...,\upsilon _n } \right),}$ where $w_{n + 10} = h\left( {s,x,x_1 ,u,u_1 ,...,u_n } \right),w_{n + 11} = g\left( {s,x,x_1 ,...,x_n ,u,u_1 ,...,u_n } \right){\text{ and }}w_{ij} = a_{ij} \left( {x_i ,...,x_{i - j + 1} ,u,u_1 ,...,u_{i - j} } \right)$ for the given functions a _ij is solved on $\mathbb{R},u \ne {\text{0}}$ .     

Multi-step hybrid methods for special second-order differential equations y″(t) = f(t,y(t))

In this paper, multi-step hybrid methods for solving special second-order differential equations y^″(t) = f(t,y(t)) are presented and studied. The new methods inherit the frameworks of RKN methods and linear multi-step methods and include two-step hybrid methods proposed by Coleman (IMA J. Numer. Anal. 23, 197–220, 8) as special cases. The order conditions of the methods were derived by using the SN-series defined on the set SNT of SN-trees. Based on the order conditions, we construct two explicit four-step hybrid methods, which are convergent of order six and seven, respectively. Numerical results show that our new methods are more efficient in comparison with the well-known high quality methods proposed in the scientific literature.     

On transformations z(t) = y(ϕ(t)) of ordinary differential equations

The paper describes the general form of an ordinary differential equation of the order n + 1 (n 1) which allows a nontrivial global transformation consisting of the change of the independent variable. A result given by J. Aczél is generalized. A functional equation of the form where are given functions, is solved on .     

关于二阶微分方程y″+A(t)y=0的解的有界性

l“.在方程对,,+A(亡)y=o(l)中,保数A(t)定鱿l赏t叶co待,嫩然可分三核情形。即(一)(二)(三)limA(t)=妒云峥.limA(t)=一砂心冲.limA(t)=+co.忿峥。 在本文中,主要是考窟第三核情形,我们所得到的判定,分sll改遥了如下指出的Bell man和KaMbl曲。的拮果.现在救述我俩以援艇常用到的:〔引理一]若(1,) (2,)祝)0,v)0,c>o矿、。+关‘uod‘】!,!、万+叠户dt(2) 公 U 一一叨一亡d一d〔橙]毅w(t)一关锐秒d艺由修件(2‘)uZ公2长秒2(c+叨)因此(寰丫铆、“+‘’筒之即 d叨,一下==井=气妙a‘习己+叨由。到亡猜分即得2(。+w),一2。,、关‘。d‘1数擎淮展…     

Singular Eigenvalue Problems for the Equation y (n) + λp(x)y = 0

The paper studies singular eigenvalue problems for the equation y ⁽ⁿ⁾ +p(x)y=0 with boundary conditions imposed on the derivatives y ⁽ⁱ⁾ at the points x=a and x=. We look for singular problems which are analogous to regular problems on a finite interval. It is characterized when each eigenfunction has a finite number of zeros and when the spectrum is discrete or continuous, respectively.     

The region of attraction of the zero solution of y′(t)=−(y(t−1))2m+1

Estimates for the size of the region of attraction of the zero solution of y(t)=–(y(t–1))^2m+1 are given.     

THE STABILITY OF RDDE (?)(t) p_1(t)x(t) q_1(t)x(t) p_2(t)x(t-r(t)) q_2(t)x(t-r(t))=0

In this paper, the author considered the stability of zero solution of linear RDDEx(t) p_1(t)x(t) q_1(t)x(t) p_2(t)x(t-r(t)) q_2(t)x(t-r(t))=0,(1)x(t) p_1(t)x(t) q_1(t)x(t) q_2(t)x(t-r(t))=0 (2)using Liapunov-Razumikhin functional and transformations and obtained some sufficient condi-tions for the stability of Eqs.(1) and (2). These results are suitable both for bounded p_i(t), q_i(t)and r(t).i =1, 2.     

Nested Runge-Kutta methods for the differential equation y”=F(x,y)

Nested Runge-Kutta methods of fourth, fifth, and sixth orders of accuracy are constructed for numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for the ordinary differential equation y=f(x, y). The first two stages of the fifth- and sixth-order methods determine the fourth-order method, and the ftrst three stages of the sixth-order method determine the fifthorder method. Numerical values of the parameters for these methods are determined and two test problems are solved numerically.Translated from Vychislitel'naya i Prikladnaya Matematika, No. 57, pp. 42–48, 1985.     

Über die Funktionalungleichungf(x + y) + f(xy) ⩾ f(x) + f(y) + f(x)f(y)

Summary The functional inequalityf(x + y) + f(xy) f(x) + f(y) + f(x)f(y), solved for a real continuous function, differentiable at zero.

     

方程(t)+p(t)(t)+q(t)x(t)=0的稳定性

本文应用交换技巧以及直接方法研究了二阶线性系统(1)的平凡解的稳定性,得到若干充分条件、必要条件以及充分必要条件,推广了文献[1—8]中的有关结果。     

When isf(x,y) = u(x) + v(y)?

LetX andY be arbitrary non-empty sets and letS a non-empty subset ofX ×Y. We give necessary and sufficient conditions onS which ensure that every real valued function onS is the sum of a function onX and a function onY.     

方程y″(x)+p(x)y(x)=y(x)解的有界性与振动性

设P(x)、f(x)∈C~1[0,+∞),在[0,+∞)上,P(x)>0,P′(x)≤0且(?)P(x)=ρ>0,intejral form 0 to +∞。|f′(t)|dt<+∞。我们给出了方程y″+P(x)y=f(x)解的有界性与振动性结果。     

N(t) = N(t) [a(t)-sum from i=1 to n (b_i(t)N~i(t-τ_i(t)))]的周期正解(英文)

用非线性分析的方法讨论了方程N（t）=N（t）[a（t）－bi（t）Ni（t-τ（t））周的周期正待的存在性，所获结果包含或推广了已有的几个结论[2，3]．     

关于方程 +φ(y)+Ψ(y)η(y)=0的极限环问题

本文研究了(1)的极限环问题,给出了判定其有无闭轨及极限环唯一的若干准则。推广和改进了[1]的结果。     

On the stability of quasidouble step spline approximations for solutions ofy (n) = f(x,y, ⋯, y (n−1) )

In this paper, we continue the study [4] of the stability question of the quasidouble step spline function approximations,s(x) C ^m–2 , to the initial value problemy ⁽ⁿ⁾ = f(x, y, , y ^(n–1) ). It will be shown that the method is unstable and hence divergent form n + 4.