Research on benz[c,d]indolin-2-one derivatives. Bromination of benz[c,d]indolin-2-onecarboxylic acids

It was experimentally observed that electrophilic substitution in, respectively, the 6 and 8 positions or the 8 position occurs when a carboxy group is present in the peri positions (in the 5 or 6 position) of benz[c,d]indolin-2-one. When two carboxy groups are simultaneously present in the 5 and 6 positions or when there is one carboxy group in the 6 position and a bromo substituent in the 5 position, the carboxy group is readily replaced by bromine. The electronic structures and reactivities of benz[c,d]indolin-2-one derivatives were investigated by spectroscopy and quantum chemistry.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1363–1367, October, 1985.     

Benzo[c,d]indole carbocyanines

A symmetrical and some asymmetrical carbocyanines (benzo[c,d]indole derivatives) were synthesized.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 340–341, March, 1973.     

Electrophilic substitution in a series of derivatives of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2a,4a-diazacyclopenta[c,d]azulene

Protonation, acylation, nitrosation, and addition of iso(thio)cyanates occur readily at position two of 1,4-diaryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2a,4a-diazacyclopenta[c,d]azulenes.T. G. Shevchenko Chernigov Pedagogical Institute, Chernigov 250038. Taras Shevchenko Kiev University, Kiev 252017. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 904–908, July, 1997.     

Die Elektronenstruktur des Dicyclohepta[c d,g h]pentalens

Dicyclohepta[cd, gh]pentalene is shown by ESR.- and NMR.-spectroscopic evidence to be best represented as a perturbed [14] annulene. The orbital interaction between the π-perimeter and the ethylene-“bridge” is discussed.     

Spectrophotometric and x-ray crystallographic studies of 1-carbamoylbenz-[c,d]indol-2-ones

On the basis of a measurement of the frequencies and intensities of the stretching vibrations of the amino, amido, and ester groups in the IR spectra, it was established that products of the reaction of N-benzenesulfonylhydroxynaphthalimides with ammonia in alcohol solutipns have a structure of the type of 1-carbamoylbenz[c,d]-indol-2-ones and are not molecules with a seven-membered heterocycle, by analogy with 3-oxido-2-alkylnaphtho[1,8-d,e][1,3] oxoniazepin-1-ones. A determination of the molecular and crystal structure of one of these compounds (C₁₃H₁₀N₂O₂) confirmed this conclusion: The molecule is 1-(N-methylcarbamoyl)benz[c,d]indol-2-one. In the naphthalene ring of the molecule the bond angles at the central bond are deformed analogously to that found in acenaphthene. The intramolecular hydrogen bond O···HN closes a six-membered ring in the molecule. The crystal is constructed from dimers formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonds O···HN.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1110–1114, August, 1984.     

Derivatives of 1,4-diaryl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[c,d]azulene

Derivatives of the previously unknown heterocyclic system 2,2a,8a-triazacyclopenta[c,d] azulene were synthesized by condensation of 3-aryl-4,5-pentamethylene-1,2,4-triazoles or 2-(-aroylhydrazin)-l-aza--cycloheptene with -halogeno ketones, followed by cyclization of the intermediate products in alkaline media.T. G. Shevchenko Chernigov Pedagogical University, Chernigov 250037, Ukraine; e-mail: chspu@mail.cn.ua. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1123–1127, August, 2000.     

Synthesis of a pH‐Sensitive Hetero[4]Rotaxane Molecular Machine that Combines [c2]Daisy and [2]Rotaxane Arrangements

The synthesis of a novel pH‐sensitive hetero[4]rotaxane molecular machine through a self‐sorting strategy is reported. The original tetra‐interlocked molecular architecture combines a [c2]daisy chain scaffold linked to two [2]rotaxane units. Actuation of the system through pH variation is possible thanks to the specific interactions of the dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 (DB24C8) macrocycles for ammonium, anilinium, and triazolium molecular stations. Selective deprotonation of the anilinium moieties triggers shuttling of the unsubstituted DB24C8 along the [2]rotaxane units.     

Azidokomplexe des Zirkoniums: ZrCl3N3, [ZrCl4N3]22⊝, [ZrCl4(N3)2]2⊝; die Kristallstruktur von (PPh4)2[ZrCl4N3]2

Azido Complexes of Zirconium: ZrCl₃N₃, [ZrCl₄N₃]₂^2?, [ZrCl₄(N₃)₂]^2?; Crystal Structure of (PPh₄)₂ [ZrCl₄N₃]₂ Highly explosive ZrCl₃N₃ is formed by the reaction of ZrCl₄ with iodine azide in dichloromethane suspension. According to the i.r. spectra, the compound is polymeric by azide and chlorine bridges. Zirconium tetrachloride reacts with one and two moles of tetraphenylphosphonium azide respectively, forming the thermally and mechanically stable complexes (PPh₄)₂[ZrCl₄N₃]₂ and (PPh₄)₂[ZrCl₄(N₃)₂]. The crystal structure of (PPh₄)₂[ZrCl₄N₃]₂ was determined by X-ray methods (1942 reflexions, R = 6.5%). The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with two formula units per unit cell. The structure consists of tetraphenylphosphonium cations and dimeric anions [ZrCl₄N₃]₂^2?, in which the Zr atoms are linked by the α-N atoms of the azide groups, forming a centrosymmetric Zr₂N₂ ring with symmetry D_2h. According to the i.r. spectra, the azide groups in the complex (PPh₄)₂[ZrCl₄(N₃)₂] are covalently bonded at the Zr atom in trans positions.