Ab-initio SOS-CI calculations of magnetic properties of the first- and second-row hydrides

Non-empirical SOS-CI calculations based on Nakatsuji's theory are reported for the nuclear spin-spin coupling constants, (considering all the four spininteractions), magnetic shielding constants and magnetic susceptibilities of all the first- and second-row hydrides. The calculated values, except for ²J(HH), correlate satisfactorily with the available experimental data and with the corresponding CHF results, and prove that the SOS-CI model according to Nakatsuji may be a convenient alternative to the time-consuming CHF procedures in order to get accurate estimates of second-order magnetic properties.     

Auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo study of first- and second-row post-d elements

A series of calculations for the first- and second-row post-d elements (Ga-Br and In-I) are presented using the phaseless auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AF QMC) method. This method is formulated in a Hilbert space defined by any chosen one-particle basis and maps the many-body problem into a linear combination of independent-particle solutions with external auxiliary fields. The phase/sign problem is handled approximately by the phaseless formalism using a trial wave function, which in our calculations was chosen to be the Hartree-Fock solution. We used the consistent correlated basis sets of Peterson et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 119, 11099 (2003); 119, 11113 (2003)], which employ a small-core relativistic pseudopotential. The AF QMC results are compared with experiment and with those from density functional (generalized gradient approximation and B3LYP) and CCSD(T) calculations. The AF QMC total energies agree with CCSD(T) to within a few millihartrees across the systems and over several basis sets. The calculated atomic electron affinities, ionization energies, and spectroscopic properties of dimers are, at large basis sets, in excellent agreement with experiment.     

Sandwich compounds of second-row elements: A quantum chemical study

The structures and stabilities of a number of neutral and charged sandwich-type boron, carbon, and nitrogen compounds designed based on the cyclophane cage and obeying the “electron octet” rule were studied by the B3LYP/6−311+G** density functional method. The possibility of targeted modification of the electronic structures of such compounds by varying the basal or bridging atomic groups was investigated. Dedicated to Academician O. M. Nefedov on the occasion of his 75th birthday. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 1825–1835, November, 2006.     

Development and parametrization of sindo1 for second-row elements

The semiempirical MO method SINDO 1 is extended to second-row atoms from sodium to chlorine. The basis set has a provision to include d orbitals. To retain rotational invariance in a d orbital set, a number of hybrid integrals has to be included that invalidate the zero differential overlap (ZDO ) assumption even in a symmetrically orthogonalized basis set. The inclusion of d orbitals rendered the set-up of integral calculation of the original INDO method impractical. Instead of one subroutine for each integral, all explicitly calculated integrals (overlap, core, electronic repulsion) are now contained in a single subroutine under unifying aspects. The parametrization scheme includes pseudopotentials and adjusts the total energy under inclusion of zero point energies to experimental heats of formation of ground states. The vibrational frequencies for the calculation of zero point energies are obtained from calculated force constants and G matrix elements by a scaling procedure. The results for geometries, energies, and dipole moments are compared with MNDO data.     

Correlation energy correction as a density functional. A model of the pair distribution function and its application to the first- and second-row atoms and hydrides

A scheme for correlation energy corrections E_c based on asymptotic properties of the effective pair distribution function g(r₁; r₂) and correlation energy densities ϵ_c{ϱ(r₁)} has been considered. To obtain ϵ_c{ϱ(r₁)} model functions g(r₁; r₂) are used in the local spin density approximation (LSDA). This model yields the correct high-density limit for the homogeneous electron gas ϵ_c{ϱ} and reproduces empirical E_c values with an average error amounting to 2.2% for the first- and second-row closed-shell atoms, 5.6% for the first-row hydrides XH and 3.4% for the second-row hydrides XH.     

Performance of multiplicity-based energy correctors for molecules containing second-row elements

We introduce a posteriori multiplicity-based corrections to ab initio energies in order to reproduce experimental atomization energies. This simple approach, as compared to the alternative ones to improve density functionals and standard correlated methods, requires less computational resources than higher levels of theory. We extend our approach to include molecules containing second-row elements. Molecules are taken from the Gaussian sets for which experimental values are known with errors of less than 1 kcal/mol. We postulate that inexpensive multiplicity-based corrections can account for effects that are not accounted because of the low level of theory of the method or because of the small basis used for the calculations.     

Multibody analysis of potential energy surfaces for first- and second-row tetramers. II. The cases of O4 and S4

Calculations on different geometries of O₃, S₃, O₄, and S₄ clusters show that oxygen and sulfur present quite different behavior as concerns cluster formation. O₃ has a C_2v, symmetry while S₃ is equilateral D_3h. O₄ cannot form a structure with near-equal bond lengths while S₃ can form several such structures, of which the ring structures are more stable than the chain or branched structures. A multibody analysis of the cluster energies gives a cogent rationale of these differences, showing for instance that large three-body nonadditive repulsions make O₄ unstable, while three-body effects turn out to be attractive for S₄.     

Molecular orbital theory of the properties of inorganic and organometallic compounds. 3. STO-3G basis sets for first- and second-row transition metals

STO -3G minimal basis sets for first- and second-row transition metals have been formulated and applied to the calculation of equilibrium geometries for a variety of inorganic systems, metal carbonyls, and organometallic compounds. While the overall level of agreement with experiment is not as good as that previously noted for main-group compounds, most trends and many subtle features in geometries are reproduced.     

Study of charges on heteroatoms in organic compounds of the second-row elements by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy

The characteristic features of the electronic structure of SbCl₅L complexes has been studied in comparison with those of the SnCl₄L₂ and TiCl₄L₂ complexes. The results of X-ray structural analysis were correlated with the heats of complexation, the data of Mössbauer spectroscopy, derivatography, quantum-chemical PM3 calculations, and stretching frequencies of the donor-acceptor bonds. Based on these data, the contributions of different effects to the stabilities of complexes were determined, complexation enthalpies previously unknown were calculated, and a conclusion was drawn that the electron density transfer from the donor to the acceptor is small. The charge effect of the donor consists primarily in polarization of the acceptor bonds; this polarization decreases as a result of (he change in the geometry of the acceptor upon complexation. The relative stabilities of the complexes with dimethyl sulfide were determined using a unique internal standard technique.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1465–1470, June, 1996.     

Multibody analysis of potential energy surfaces for first- and second-row tetramers. I. The tetrahedral structures of P4 and N4

SCF calculations using a split-valence basis set were carried out for N₃, P₃, N₄, and P₄ showing that there are substantial structural differences between the clusters of these elements, nitrogen and phosphorus. An analysis of the nonadditive three- and four-body contributions to the binding energies of these systems is carried out and shown to be quite close to the values predicted from qualitative considerations by Murrell [Chem. Phys. Lett. 55 , 1 (1978)].     

Syntheses, characterization, and X-ray crystal structures of beta-diketiminate group 13 hydrides, chlorides, and fluorides

A series of organometallic compounds of group 13 metals supported by the sterically encumbered beta-diketiminate ligand containing hydrides, fluorides, chlorides, and bromide have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The synthetic strategy applied utilizes halide metathesis and reduction of metal chlorides to the corresponding hydrides. Thus, the reaction of LLi.OEt2 with MeMCl2 affords LM(Me)Cl (M = Al (1), Ga (2), In (3)) and LGaBr2 (4) with GaBr3. Reduction of LGa(Me)Cl with LiH.BEt3 leads to the formation of LGa(Me)H (10). Synthesis of LGaH(2) (12) has been accomplished by reacting LGaI2 (8) with LiH.BEt3. LAl(Me)Cl (1) and LAlH2 (6) have been converted to LAl(Me)F (5) and LAlF2 (7), respectively. The former was obtained in a reaction of LAl(Me)Cl with Me3SnF while the latter was isolated in a reaction of LAlH2 with BF3.OEt2. Similarly reaction of LGaI2 (8) with Me3SnF affords LGaF2 (9). Compounds reported herein have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR, NMR, EI-MS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques.     

On the accuracy of correlation energy calculated by the correlation factor method: first- and second-row atoms

Summary The correlation energy of two- and four-isoelectronic series, a representative example for which the existing spin-density functionals fails, is calculated using the Colle and Salvetti method, considering mono- and multideterminantal wave functions. The results are in agreement with experimental data, and show the potentiality of this method when it is applied to wave functions including the most relevant configurational features. Also, results for the ionization energies and electron affinities of first- and second-row atoms are reported.     

Metal binding selectivity of oxa-aza macrocyclic ligand: a DFT study of first- and second-row transition metal for four coordination systems

A detailed theoretical study of the 1,7,1l,17-tetraoxa-2,6,12,16-tetraaza-cycloeicosane ligand ([20]AneN₄O₄) coordinated to Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Ru²⁺, Rh²⁺, and Pd²⁺ transition metal ions was carried out with the B3LYP method. Two different cases were performed: when nitrogen is the donor atom (1a _q ) and also with the oxygen as the donor atom (1b _q ). For all the cases performed in this study 1a _q structures were always more stable than the 1b _q ones. Considering each row is possible to see that the energy increases with the increase of the atomic number. The M²⁺ cation binding energies for the 1a _q complexes increase with the following order: Fe²⁺ < Ru²⁺ < Co²⁺ < Ni²⁺ < Rh²⁺ < Pd²⁺.

     

A comparative study of the bond strengths of the second row transition metal hydrides,fluorides, and chlorides

Summary Correlated calculations have been performed for the diatomic second row transition metal hydrides, fluorides, and chlorides. The ground states have been determined for the entire second row from yttrium to palladium. It is found that the halide binding energies vary much more across the row than the hydride binding energies. The results are analyzed in terms of ionic and covalent contributions to the bonding. The two main factors responsible for the large variation of the halide binding energies are differences in ionization energies and differences in the interactions between the halide lone-pairs and the metal 4d-orbitals for the atoms to the left and to the right. To the left the lone-pair interaction is attractive through electron donation to empty 4d-orbitals, whereas to the right the interaction is repulsive.     

Vibrational dynamics of amorphous beryllium hydride and lithium beryllium hydrides

The vibrational density of states of amorphous beryllium hydride (a-BeH2) and lithium beryllium hydrides have been studied using inelastic neutron scattering, infrared, and Raman spectroscopies. The positions of the symmetrical (120-180 meV) and antisymmetrical (200-260 meV) Be-H stretching modes and those of the H-Be-H bending mode (50-120 meV) have been determined and the results discussed and compared with recent theoretical calculations. With the addition of lithium to the beryllium hydride network, the vibrational bands are shifted to lower energies, indicating a less rigid network.