Stable Ranks of Banach Algebras of Operator-Valued Analytic Functions

Let E be a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, and let denote the algebra of all functions that are holomorphic. If is a subalgebra of , then using an algebraic result of Corach and Larotonda, we derive that under some conditions, the Bass stable rank of is infinite. In particular, we deduce that the Bass (and hence topological stable ranks) of the Hardy algebra , the disk algebra and the Wiener algebra are all infinite. Submitted: October 10, 2007., Revised: January 11, 2008., Accepted: January 12, 2007.     

On the Similarity of Analytic Matrix Functions

Consider a domain , and two analytic matrix-valued functions functions . Consider also points and positive integers n ₁, n ₂, . . . , n _N . We are interested in the existence of an analytic function such that X(ω) is invertible, and G(ω) coincides with X(ω)F(ω)X(ω)⁻¹ up to order n _j at the point ω _j . We will see that such a function exists provided that F(ω _j ),G(ω _j ) have cyclic vectors, and the characteristic polynomials of F,G coincide up to order n _j at ω _j . This allows one to give a short proof to a result of Huang, Marcantognini and Young concerning spectral interpolation in the unit disk. The author was partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. Received: September 8, 2006. Accepted: January 11, 2007.     

An Operator Corona Theorem for Some Subspaces of <Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis><Superscript>∞</Superscript>

Let E, E_* be separable Hilbert spaces. If S is an open subset of , then denotes the space of all functions that are holomorphic in , and bounded and continuous on . In this article we prove the following results:

On a Poincaré-type Inequality for Energy Forms in L p

We consider Dirichlet spaces ( ) in L ² and more general energy forms in L ^p , . For the latter we introduce the notions of an extended ’Dirichlet’ space and a transient form. Under the assumption that , resp. , are compactly embedded in L ², resp. L ^p , we prove a Poincaré inequality for transient (Dirichlet) forms. If both and its adjoint are sub-Markovian semigroups, we show that the transience of T _t is independent of ) and that it is implied by the transience of the energy form of and the form belonging to .     

Schur Complements in Krein Spaces

The aim of this work is to generalize the notions of Schur complements and shorted operators to Krein spaces. Given a (bounded) J-selfadjoint operator A (with the unique factorization property) acting on a Krein space and a suitable closed subspace of , the Schur complement of A to is defined. The basic properties of are developed and different characterizations are given, most of them resembling those of the shorted of (bounded) positive operators on a Hilbert space. To the memory of Professor Mischa Cotlar     

Hypercyclic Pairs of Coanalytic Toeplitz Operators

A pair of commuting operators, (A,B), on a Hilbert space is said to be hypercyclic if there exists a vector such that {A ⁿ B ^k x : n, k ≥ 0} is dense in . If f, g ∈H ^∞(G) where G is an open set with finitely many components in the complex plane, then we show that the pair (M ^* _f , M ^* _g ) of adjoints of multiplcation operators on a Hilbert space of analytic functions on G is hypercyclic if and only if the semigroup they generate contains a hypercyclic operator. However, if G has infinitely many components, then we show that there exists f, g ∈H ^∞(G) such that the pair (M ^* _f , M ^* _g ) is hypercyclic but the semigroup they generate does not contain a hypercyclic operator. We also consider hypercyclic n-tuples.     

On The Extended Eigenvalues of Some Volterra Operators

We show that a large class of compact quasinilpotent operators has extended eigenvalues. As a consequence, if V is such an operator, then the associated spectral algebra contains its commutant {V}' as a proper subalgebra.     

The eigenvalue field is a splitting field

Let K be an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic and F < K a subfield. If is an irreducible semigroup of matrices such that the spectra of all the elements of are contained in F, then is conjugate to a subsemigroup of M _n (F). Research supported in part by the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, and Technology of Slovenia. Received: 6 April 2006     

Exotic Indecomposable Systems of Four Subspaces in a Hilbert Space

We study the relative position of four (closed) subspaces in a Hilbert space. For any positive integer n, we give an example of exotic indecomposable system of four subspaces in a Hilbert space whose defect is . By an exotic system, we mean a system which is not isomorphic to any closed operator system under any permutation of subspaces. We construct the examples using certain nice sequences construced by Jiang and Wang in their study of strongly irreducible operators. Dedicated to Professor Masahiro Nakamura on his 88th birthday     

On H. Weyl and J. Steiner Polynomials

The paper deals with root location problems for two classes of univariate polynomials both of geometric origin. The first class discussed, the class of Steiner polynomial, consists of polynomials, each associated with a compact convex set . A polynomial of this class describes the volume of the set V + tB ⁿ as a function of t, where t is a positive number and B ⁿ denotes the unit ball in . The second class, the class of Weyl polynomials, consists of polynomials, each associated with a Riemannian manifold , where is isometrically embedded with positive codimension in . A Weyl polynomial describes the volume of a tubular neighborhood of its associated as a function of the tube’s radius. These polynomials are calculated explicitly in a number of natural examples such as balls, cubes, squeezed cylinders. Furthermore, we examine how the above mentioned polynomials are related to one another and how they depend on the standard embedding of into for m > n. We find that in some cases the real part of any Steiner polynomial root will be negative. In certain other cases, a Steiner polynomial will have only real negative roots. In all of this cases, it can be shown that all of a Weyl polynomial’s roots are simple and, furthermore, that they lie on the imaginary axis. At the same time, in certain cases the above pattern does not hold.

Erasmus Darwin, the nephew of the great scientist Charles Darwin, believed that sometimes one should perform the most unusual experiments. They usually yield no results but when they do . . . . So once he played trumpet in front of tulips for the whole day. The experiment yielded no results.

Submitted: March 5, 2007., Revised: February 1, 2008., Accepted: February 2, 2008.     

Integral Equations on Function Spaces and Dichotomy on the Real Line

The purpose of this paper is to give new and general characterizations for uniform dichotomy and uniform exponential dichotomy of evolution families on the real line. We consider two general classes denoted and and we prove that if V,W are Banach function spaces with and , then the admissibility of the pair for an evolution family implies the uniform dichotomy of . In addition, we consider a subclass and we prove that if , then the admissibility of the pair implies the uniform exponential dichotomy of the family . This condition becomes necessary if . Finally, we present some applications of the main results.     

Polynomial automorphisms and hypercyclic operators on spaces of analytic functions

We consider hypercyclic composition operators on which can be obtained from the translation operator using polynomial automorphisms of . In particular we show that if C _S is a hypercyclic operator for an affine automorphism S on , then for some polynomial automorphism Θ and vectors a and b, where I is the identity operator. Finally, we prove the hypercyclicity of “symmetric translations” on a space of symmetric analytic functions on ℓ₁. Received: 8 June 2006 Revised: 26 September 2006     

Self-adjoint Analytic Operator Functions: Local Spectral Function and Inner Linearization

In this note we continue the study of spectral properties of a self-adjoint analytic operator function A(z) that was started in [5]. It is shown that if A(z) satisfies the Virozub–Matsaev condition on some interval Δ₀ and is boundedly invertible in the endpoints of Δ₀, then the ‘embedding’ of the original Hilbert space into the Hilbert space , where the linearization of A(z) acts, is in fact an isomorphism between a subspace of and . As a consequence, properties of the local spectral function of A(z) on Δ₀ and a so-called inner linearization of the operator function A(z) in the subspace are established.      

Characterization of Amalgamated Free Blocks of a Graph von Neumann Algebra

We identify two noncommutative structures naturally associated with countable directed graphs. They are formulated in the language of operators on Hilbert spaces. If G is a countable directed graphs with its vertex set V(G) and its edge set E(G), then we associate partial isometries to the edges in E(G) and projections to the vertices in V(G). We construct a corresponding von Neumann algebra as a groupoid crossed product algebra of an arbitrary fixed von Neumann algebra M and the graph groupoid induced by G, via a graph-representation (or a groupoid action) α. Graph groupoids are well-determined (categorial) groupoids. The graph groupoid of G has its binary operation, called admissibility. This has concrete local parts , for all e ∈ E(G). We characterize of , induced by the local parts of , for all e ∈ E(G). We then characterize all amalgamated free blocks of . They are chracterized by well-known von Neumann algebras: the classical group crossed product algebras , and certain subalgebras (M) of operator-valued matricial algebra . This shows that graph von Neumann algebras identify the key properties of graph groupoids. Received: December 20, 2006. Revised: March 07, 2007. Accepted: March 13, 2007.     

Modulus hyperinvariant subspaces for quasinilpotent operators at a non-zero positive vector on <Emphasis Type="Italic">l</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>-Spaces

In 1993, Y. A. Abramovich, C. D. Aliprantis and O. Burkinshaw showed that every continuous operator with modulus on an l_p-space (1 ≤ p < ∞) whose modulus commutes with a non-zero positive operator T on l_p that is quasinilpotent at a non-zero positive vector x₀ has a non-trivial invariant closed subspace. In this paper, it is proved that if is a collection of continuous operators with moduli on l_p that is finitely modulus-quasinilpotent at a non-zero positive vector x ₀ then and its right modulus sub-commutant have a common non-trivial invariant closed subspace. In particular, all continuous operators with moduli on l _p whose moduli commute with a non-zero positive operator I on l _p that is quasinilpotent at a non-zero positive vector x ₀ have a common non-trivial invariant closed subspace, so that all positive operators on l _p which commute with a non-zero positive operator S on l _p that is quasinilpotent at a non-zero positive vector x ₀ have a common non-trivial invariant closed subspace. This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of P. R. China (04JJ6004), the Foundation of Education Department of Hunan Province of P. R. China (04C002) and the Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China (10671147). Received: 4 December 2005 Revised: 19 June 2006     

Hypercyclic Conjugate Operators

We prove that for any weighted backward shift B = B_w on an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space H whose weight sequence w = (w_n) satisfies , the conjugate operator is hypercyclic on the space S(H) of self-adjoint operators on H provided with the topology of uniform convergence on compact sets. That is, there exists an such that is dense in S(H). We generalize the result to more general conjugate maps , and establish similar results for other operator classes in the algebra B(H) of bounded operators, such as the ideals K(H) and N(H) of compact and nuclear operators respectively.     

Lie and Jordan Ideals in Reflexive Algebras

A CDCSL algebra is a reflexive operator algebra with completely distributive and commutative subspace lattice. In this paper, we show, for a weakly closed linear subspace of a CDCSL algebra , that is a Lie ideal if and only if for all invertibles A in , and that is a Jordan ideal if and only if it is an associative ideal.     

Invariant Subspaces for Banach Space Operators with a Multiply Connected Spectrum

We consider a multiply connected domain where denotes the unit disk and denotes the closed disk centered at with radius r _j for j = 1, . . . , n. We show that if T is a bounded linear operator on a Banach space X whose spectrum contains ∂Ω and does not contain the points λ₁, λ₂, . . . , λ _n , and the operators T and r _j (T − λ _j I)⁻¹ are polynomially bounded, then there exists a nontrivial common invariant subspace for T ^* and (T − λ _j I)^*-1.     

Solution of the Truncated Hyperbolic Moment Problem

Let Q(x, y) = 0 be an hyperbola in the plane. Given real numbers β ≡ β ⁽²ⁿ⁾={ β _ij } _{i,j ≥ 0,i+j ≤ 2n} , with β₀₀ > 0, the truncated Q-hyperbolic moment problem for β entails finding necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a positive Borel measure μ, supported in Q(x, y) = 0, such that We prove that β admits a Q-representing measure μ (as above) if and only if the associated moment matrix is positive semidefinite, recursively generated, has a column relation Q(X,Y) = 0, and the algebraic variety associated to β satisfies card In this case, if then β admits a rank -atomic (minimal) Q-representing measure; if then β admits a Q-representing measure μ satisfying      

Properties of Auto- and Antiautomorphisms of Maximal Chain Structures and their Relations to i-Perspectivities

Let E be a non empty set, let P : = E × E, := {x × E|x ∈ E}, := {E × x|x ∈ E}, and := {C ∈ 2 ^P |∀X ∈ : |C ∩ X| = 1} and let . Then the quadruple resp. is called chain structure resp. maximal chain structure. We consider the maximal chain structure as an envelope of the chain structure . Particular chain structures are webs, 2-structures, (coordinatized) affine planes, hyperbola structures or Minkowski planes. Here we study in detail the groups of automorphisms , , , related to a maximal chain structure . The set of all chains can be turned in a group such that the subgroup of generated by the left-, by the right-translations and by ι the inverse map of is isomorphic to (cf. (2.14)).