Short range correlations between nucleons in finite nuclei

The short-range correlation between nucleons in finite nuclei is investigated in high energy protonnucleus and α-nucleus elastic scattering in the framework of Glauber multiple scattering theory without any free parameters. The effects on the p-4He and 4He-12C elastic scattering, and in particular on the proton elastic scattering off hallo-like nuclei, 6,8He, are estimated. Our calculations show that the short-range correlations play an important role in reproducing experimental data and could be also thought of as being possible origin and nature of halo-like phenomena in the nuclear structure. More accurate calculations along this line are needed.     

Inelastic sum rule for high-energy hadron scattering and nucleon-nucleon correlations

We have considered the influence of short-range dynamical and statistical correlations on the elastic and summed inelastic scattering of high-energy hadrons from light nuclei. Our calculations are based on the complete multiple scattering series of Glauber. The correlation effects are discussed on the example of the inelastic sum rule for p-¹⁶O scattering.     

Systematic Low-Energy Optical Model Potential for $$\alpha$$ -Nucleus Elastic Scattering

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The elastic scattering of $$\alpha$$ particle from $${}^{89}$$ Y, $${}^{92}$$ Mo, $${}^{106-116}$$ Cd, $${}^{112}$$ Sn, and $${}^{144}$$ Sm nuclei ( $$Z=39{-}62$$ ) at...     

High-energy phenomena,short-range nuclear structure and QCD

A systematic review and theoretical analysis of the experimental data on multi GeV lepton, photon, hadron, deuteron (nucleus) reactions from nuclei forbidden in the case of scattering from free nucleons is presented. It is shown that all these data can be quantitatively described as a manifestation of short-range few nucleon correlations. Calculations for elastic and (deep)inelastic electromagnetic and weak form factors of the deuteron and other nuclei, are given. The inclusive production of leading particles in the nucleus fragmentation region in high-energy lepton, hadron or nucleus-induced collisions is analyzed. The straightforward correspondence between the Weinberg equation for the light-cone wave functions of the deuteron and the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation is found. It is shown that the predictions of quantum chromodynamics for short-distance phenomena in nuclei are in agreement both with experimental data and theoretical expectations due to short range correlations in nuclei. Several feasible experiments are considered which could establish the existence of relativistic nuclear physics.     

Isotope effect in collision between heliumatom and hydrogen bromide molecule

The anisotropic potential developed in our previous research and the close-coupling method are applied to the HBr-3He （4He, 5He, 6He, 7He） system, and the partial cross sections （PCSs） at the incident energy of 60meV are calculated. Based on the calculations, the influences of the isotope helium atom on PCSs are discussed in detail. The results show that the excitation PCSs converge faster than the elastic PCSs for the collision energy and the systems considered here. Also the excitation PCSs converge more rapidly for the high-excited states. The tail effect is present only in elastic scattering and low-exclted states but not in high-excited states. With the increase of reduced mass of the collision system, the converging speed of the elastic and excitation PCSs slows down, and the tail effect goes up.     

Test of 600 and 750 MeV NN matrix on elastic scattering Glauber model calculations

The 600 and 750 MeV proton nucleus elastic scattering cross section and polarization calculations have been performed in the framework of the Glauber model to test the pp and pn scattering amplitudes deduced from a phase shift analysis by Bystricky, Lechanoine and Lehar. It is well known that up to now we do not possess a non-phenomenological NN scattering matrix at intermediate energies. However proton-nucleus scattering analyses are used to extract information about short range correlations¹), Δ resonance²) or pion condensation presences)... etc. Most scattering calculations made at these energies have been done with phenomenological NN amplitudes having a gaussian q-dependence $$A(q) = \frac{{k\sigma }}{{4\pi }}(\alpha + i) e^{ - \beta ^2 q^2 /2} $$ and $$C(q) = \frac{{k\sigma }}{{4\pi }}iq(\alpha + i) D_e - \beta ^2 q^2 /2$$ K andσ being respectively the projectile momentum and the total pN total cross section. The parameters α, β and D are badly known and are adjusted by fitting some specific reactions as p+⁴He elastic scattering⁴). Even when these amplitudes provide good fits to the data, our understanding of the dynamics of the scattering remains obscure.     

Intermediate Energy Pion-20Ne Elastic Scattering in the α+16O Model of 20Ne

We present an analysis of π-²⁰Ne elastic scattering at intermediate energy basing on the α+¹⁶O model of the ²⁰Ne nucleus and in the framework of Glauber multiple scattering theory. Satisfactory agreement with the general features of the experimental data of pion elastic scattering on the neighboring 4N-type nuclei is obtained without any free parameters. Compared with the experimental angular distributions of pion elastic scattering on ¹²C, ¹⁶O, ²⁴Mg, and ²⁸Si nuclei, the diffractive patterns and the positions of the dips and peaks in the angular distributions of π-²⁰Ne elastic scattering are reasonably predicted by the calculations.     

Kapellasite: a kagome quantum spin liquid with competing interactions

Magnetic susceptibility, NMR, muon spin relaxation, and inelastic neutron scattering measurements show that kapellasite, Cu_{3}Zn(OH)_{6}Cl_{2}, a geometrically frustrated spin-1/2 kagome antiferromagnet polymorphic with herbertsmithite, is a gapless spin liquid showing unusual dynamic short-range correlations of noncoplanar cuboc2 type which persist down to 20?mK. The Hamiltonian is determined from a fit of a high-temperature series expansion to bulk susceptibility data and possesses competing exchange interactions. The magnetic specific heat calculated from these exchange couplings is in good agreement with experiment. The temperature dependence of the magnetic structure factor and the muon relaxation rate are calculated in a Schwinger-boson approach and compared to experimental results.     

On the investigation of nucleon-nucleon correlations by means of high-energy scattering

The possible effects of short-range dynamical nucleon-nucleon correlations on high-energy hadron scattering on ⁴He are examined. The Glauber theory of multiple scattering is used as the basis for the computations. The conclusion is that very small effects are to be expected for elastic and sum total inelastic scattering of commonly available projectiles.     

Hulthén potential models for <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">α−α</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">α−</Emphasis>He<Superscript><Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">3</Emphasis></Superscript> elastic scattering

Simple Hulthén-type potential models are proposed to treat the α?α and \(\alpha {-} \text {He}^{3}\) elastic scattering. The merit of our approach is examined by computing elastic scattering phases through the judicious use of the phase function method. Reasonable agreements in scattering phase shifts are obtained with the standard data.     

On high-energy elastic scattering of protons by nuclei

The two coupled channel formalism for high energy elastic scattering [1] is extended to include spin and isospin effects. For a spin and isospin zero nucleus these manifest themselves by additional spin-orbit terms in the potentials. Explicit formulas for these potentials are obtained in terms of the fully spin and isospin dependent nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitude, the ground state nuclear form factor and the state dependent correlation functions. The coupling potential except for a small term arising from double spin and isospin flip process involving nuclear excitation depends only upon the pair correlations.Numerical calculations are performed for the elastic scattering of 1 GeV protons incident on ⁴He. Various phenomenological dynamical two-body correlations as well as correlations generated from the Reid soft-core and Tabakin potentials in an approximate Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculation are considered. The angular distribution beyond its first diffraction minimum as well as the polarization in the same angular range are shown to be sensitive to these correlations. However, the present accuracy of the experimental data and the lack of knowledge of the nucleon-nucleon scattering amplitude prevent any definitive conclusion about their nature.     

AB合金有序化过程的动力学(Ⅰ)

由原子在点阵中扩散的反应率过程理论,在最近邻近似下,计算了AB合金的长程有序化动力学及长程序为零时的短程有序化动力学。所得结果与前人的实验结论及计算结果相比定性地符合,定量地接近。长程有序化动力学的计算表明,有序化过程存在有孕育期,有c-曲线形式的转变曲线,s近似与exp{-αt²}正比,算得的平衡有序度与前人计算结果相近。长程序为零时的短程有序化动力学的计算表明,σ近似与exp{-βt}正比,此时有序化速率甚快,以致在最快的淬火速率下,样品中也必然存在有一定的短程序,所得的平衡短程序值也符合前人的计算结果。本文是作为继续计算短程有序化动力学的准备及基础。     

Heavy deformed nuclei in the shell model Monte Carlo method

We extend the shell model Monte Carlo approach to heavy deformed nuclei using a new proton-neutron formalism. The low excitation energies of such nuclei necessitate low-temperature calculations, for which a stabilization method is implemented in the canonical ensemble. We apply the method to study a well-deformed rare-earth nucleus, 162Dy. The single-particle model space includes the 50-82 shell plus 1f_{7/2} orbital for protons and the 82-126 shell plus 0h_{11/2}, 1g_{9/2} orbitals for neutrons. We show that the spherical shell model reproduces well the rotational character of 162Dy within this model space. We also calculate the level density of 162Dy and find it to be in excellent agreement with the experimental level density, which we extract from several experiments.     

Magnetism and giant magnetocaloric effect in rare-earth-based compounds R_3BWO_9(R = Gd,Dy, Ho)

The magnetism and magnetocaloric effect(MCE) of rare-earth-based tungstate compounds R_3 BWO_9(R=Gd,Dy,Ho) have been studied by magnetic susceptibility,isothermal magnetization,and specific heat measurements.No obvious long-range magnetic ordering can be found down to 2 K.The Curie-Weiss fitting and magnetic susceptibilities under different applied fields reveal the existence of weak short-range antiferromagnetic couplings at low temperature in these systems.The calculations of isothermal magnetization exhibit a giant MCE with the maximum changes of magnetic entropy being 54.80 J/kg-K at 2 K for Gd_3 BWO_9,28.5 J/kg-K at 6 K for Dy_3 BWO_9,and 29.76 J/kg-K at 4 K for Ho_3 BWO_9,respectively,under a field change of 0-7 T.Especially for Gd_3 BWO_9,the maximum value of magnetic entropy change(-ΔS_M~(max)) and adiabatic temperature change(-ΔT_(ad)~(max)) are 36.75 J/kg·K and 5.56 K for a low field change of 0-3 T,indicating a promising application for low temperature magnetic refrigeration.     

Elastic scattering of two ground-state N atoms

An interaction potential for an N₂(X¹σ_g⁺) molecule is constructed by using the highly accurate valence internally contracted multireference configuration interaction method and the largest basis set, aug-cc-pV6Z, in the valence range. The potential is used to investigate the elastic scattering of two N atoms at energies from 1.0× 10^-11 to 1.0× 10^-4 a.u. The derived total elastic cross sections are very large and almost constant at ultralow temperatures, and the shape of total elastic cross section curve is mainly dominated by the s-partial wave at very low collision energies. Three shape resonances are found in the total elastic cross sections. Concretely, the first one is very sharp and strong. It results from the g-partial-wave contribution and the resonant energy is 3.645× 10^-6 a.u. The second one is contributed by the h-partial wave and the resonant energy is 1.752× 10^-5 a.u. This resonance is broadened by those from the d- and f-partial waves. The third one comes from the l = 6 partial wave contribution and the resonant energy is 3.522× 10^-5 a.u. This resonance is broadened by those from the g- and h-partial waves. The N₂(X¹σ_g⁺) molecular parameters, which are determined at the current theoretical level, achieve very high accuracy due to the employment of the largest correlation-consistent basis set in the valence range.     

Microscopic Analysis of Elastic Scattering Angular Distributions for Five Different Density Distribution of 9Be Nucleus

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The elastic scattering angular distributions of the weakly bound $${}^{9}$$ Be projectile by $${}^{27}$$ Al, $${}^{64}$$ Zn, $${}^{89}$$ Y, $${}^{120}$$ Sn, and...     

A possible experimental observable for the determination of neutron skin thickness

The dependence between neutron skin thickness and neutron abrasion cross section （σnabr） for neutron-rich nuclei is investigated within the framework of the statistical abrasion ablation model. Assuming that the density distributions for proton and neutron are of Fermi-type, and adjusting the diffuseness parameter of neutron density distribution in the droplet model, we find out the good linear correlation between the neutron skin thickness and the abrasion cross section σnabr for neutron-rich nuclei. The uncertainty of neutron skin thickness determined from σnabr is very small. It is suggested that σnabr can be used as a new experimental observable to extract the neutron skin thickness for neutronrich nucleus. The scaling behaviours between neutron skin thickness and σnabr, separately, for isotopes of ^26-35Na, ^44-56Ar, ^48-60Ca, ^67-78Ni are also investigated.     

Microscopic Spin–Orbit Potential for Proton + $${}^{9}$$ Be Scattering

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The elastic scattering differential cross-section ( $$d\sigma/d\Omega$$ ) and the vector analyzing power ( $$A_{y}$$ ) are reanalyzed simultaneously for the $$p+^{9}$$ Be...