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1.
《European Polymer Journal》1987,23(8):585-589
A new macrocyclic exchanger has been prepared and characterized by anchoring to chloromethylated polystyrene, 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (cyclam). The influences of temperature, molar ratio of cyclam to chlorine or sodium hydride and time of reaction on the properties of the resin (mainly the number of NC bonds), the porosity and the ion-binding ability have been investigated. The synthesis has been extended to two other macrocycles viz. 1,5,9,13-tetraazacyclohexadecane and 1,5,10,14-tetraazacyclo-octadecane. The parameters involved in the extraction of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Pb2+ by these resins have been studied.  相似文献   

2.
A practical method is described .for thu determination of manganese by ampcrometnc titration.The Mn+2 ion is oxidized quantitatively into Mn+3 (complex formation) by titration with permanganate in approximately neutral pyrophosphate solution. We have found that the end point of this Litration appears both very clearly and accurately by using a most simple electiometric device. A. platinum and a silver wire dipping in the solution are connected directly to a pointer galvanometer. The so revealed current remains very low during the titration and suddenly increases at the equivalence point.Tins titration can be effected quickly. The growing instability of the pointer usefully warns of approaching end point. There is practically no interference from foreign ions and theercfore the method can be applied widely and easily.  相似文献   

3.
《European Polymer Journal》1985,21(2):181-185
Synthesis of fluorinated graft polymers was carried out by two methods. In the first, we use a macromolecular initiator to start the polymerization of a fluorinated monomer in solution, emulsion or in bulk; graft copolymers containing up to 30% of fluorinated grafts were prepared. The second method consists in the condensation of a functional oligomer on a functional graft copolymer. This method was very efficient leading to a new series of graft copolymers with 40% of fluorinated chains.  相似文献   

4.
5.
During the homo- and copolymerization with butyl acrylate of styrenic macromers of polyoxyethylene, the molecular weight of the polymer is found to increase continuously because of transfer to the polymer. The polymerization of butyl acrylate in the presence of non-polymerizable model compounds of the macromers has been studied. It is shown that the transfer involves chiefly the benzylic protons; the transfer constant is 2.1 × 10–3, i.e. larger than that corresponding to the ethylene oxide moiety, which is about 3 × 10−4. A kinetic study shows that the efficiency of the transfer radicals for reinitiation is about 0.75.  相似文献   

6.
Résumé La structure et le spectre électronique du fluoroacétylène et du chloroacétylène ont été étudiés à l'aide d'une méthode matricielle du type LCAO SCF MO où les fonctions monoélectroniques sont des orbitales orthogonalisées de Löwdin. Le transfert de charge de l'halogène au système est d'environ 0,04 électron 2p pour le fluor et 0,08 électron 3p pour le chlore. L'étude des transitions électroniques indique pour la transition du type - située vers 1850 Å un effet bathochrome et une augmentation de la force oscillatrice lorsque l'électronégativité de l'halogène décroît. Ceci permet d'identifier la transition située vers de plus grandes longueurs d'onde avec une transition - dont la force oscillatrice varie en sens inverse de celle de la transition -.
The electronic structure and spectra of fluoroacetylene and chloroacétylène have been studied by a matricial method of LCAO SCF MO type where the monoelectronic functions are Löwdin'S orthogonalized orbitals. The charge transfer from the halogen to the system is equal to about 0,04 2p electron for fluorine and to 0,08 3p electron for chlorine. A bathochromic effect and an increase of the oscillator strength with the halogen electronegativity decreasing have been found for the - transition at 1850 Å; from the theoretical results it is possible to identify the transition of lower energy as a - transition whose oscillator strength varies the other way than that of the - transition.

Zusammenfassung Struktur und Elektronenspektren von Fluor- und Chloracetylen wurden mit Hilfe einer Matrizenmethode vom LCAO-SCF-MO-Typ untersucht, wobei die Einelektronenfunktionen nach Löwdin orthogonalisiert wurden. Der Ladungsübergang vom Halogen zum -System entspricht etwa 0,04 2p-Elektronen bei Fluor und 0,08 3p-Elektronen bei Chlor. Für den --Übergang um 1850 Å wird für abnehmende Elektronegativität des Halogens eine bathochrome Verschiebung und eine Zunahme der Oscillatorenstärke gefunden. Das erlaubt, die längerwellige Bande einem - -Übergang zuzuordnen, dessen Oscillatorenstärke sich in entgegengesetzter Richtung ändert.


Nous tenons à remercier Monsieur Berthier pour de nombreuses discussions sur ce travail, Messieurs Romanet et Wojtkowiak pour avoir attiré notre attention sur les problèmes posés par les spectres ultraviolets des halogéno-acétyléniques et Monsieur H. v. Hirschhausen pour nous avoir signalé une erreur numérique dans la fin de cet article.  相似文献   

7.
We consider a parabolic equation with highly contrasted diffusion coefficients in the blocks set ℳ(ɛ) and in the surrounding fissures system ℱ(ɛ). Without a assumption, for a large range of contrast and by mean of variational homogenization, we find the global behavior when the numbers of blocks tends to infinity, for both the non stationary and the stationary model.  相似文献   

8.
The problem of a two-phase dispersed medium is studied within the framework of the kinetic theory. We propose a model for the collision operator of the Boltzmann equation in the case of small undeformable and hard spheres that have all the same radius. The collisions are supposed instantaneous, binary and inelastic. The resulting collision operator allows, after validation, to prove the existence of an H theorem in several configurations according to the assumptions made about the particles and, in particular, in the case of a diluted suspension of inelastic hard spheres with or without dimension.  相似文献   

9.
Copper(I) iodide in triethylamine catalyses the synthesis of σ-alkyne organometallics from phenylacetylene and organometallic halides.  相似文献   

10.
《European Polymer Journal》1987,23(6):423-431
We present two initiating techniques for synthesis in non-polar solvent of hydroxy terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) with high 1–4 content and which may be used as combustible binder for solid progergols.  相似文献   

11.
The possibility of the formation of a vortex domain of finite size near complex boundaries is analysed. For the proposed model, when such a scenario is attainable, the curve configuration delimiting the non-zero vorticity domain is found. This curve represents an approximate solution of an integral-differential equation obtained using the proposed model. It is shown that the vorticity level is a function of the characteristic dimension of the vortex domain, which depends on the size of the obstacle and is a homogeneous function of the Reynolds number.  相似文献   

12.
《Comptes Rendus Chimie》2003,6(4):467-472
Preparation of endohedral complexes of molecular hydrogen-fullerene C60, together with hydrogenated C60. Using our new method described elsewhere, we have obtained the preparation of endohedral complexes H2@C60, together with hydrogenated C60. Analyses by 1H NMR, and by infrared and vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopies have been carried out, which proved the existence of these two kinds of compounds in our samples. A quantitative measurement has been done, giving values for the endohedral complexes of about 18%, and for the hydrogenated C60 of about 35%. To cite this article: B. Oksengorn, C. R. Chimie 6 (2003).  相似文献   

13.
14.
Rèsumè Le méthyl-phényl-dodécyl-triméthylammonium (désogène), donne une vague polarographique caractéristique, en utilisant comme électrolyte de support l'hydroxyde de tétraméthylammonium, le CILi ou le ClK.Les propriétés de cette vague ont été étudiées en fonction de la concentration du saponium. La loi d'Ilkovi est vérifiée.Deux électrons interviennent dans la réduction du saponium.
Summary The cationic detergent désogène (methyl-phenyl-dodecyl-trimethylammonium) gives a characteristic polarographic wave in LiCl or in tetramethylammonium solution. The wave seems to correspond to a 2 electronprocess, following Ilkovi's law at low concentrations. A typical adsorption maximum, proceeded by a prewave wich does not follow the Ilkovi' law is found at higher concentrations. At high ionic strength this maximum disappears.

Zusammenfassung Das kationische Detergens Désogène (Methylphenyl-Dodeeyl-Trimethylammonium) gibt in Lithiumchlorid- oder in Tetramethylammoniumhydroxydlösung eine charakteristische polarographische Welle. Diese scheint einem 2-Elektronen-Prozeß zu entsprechen und folgt bei niederen Konzentrationen dem Gesetz von Ilkovi. Ein typisches Adsorptionsmaximum, dem eine dem Ilkovi-Gesetz nicht folgende Welle vorangeht, findet sich bei höheren Konzentrationen. Dieses Maximum verschwindet bei hoher Ionenkonzentration.
  相似文献   

15.
We report a new method for the preparation of F-alkyl β-ketoesters from F-nitriles. This method has several advantages over the usual approach, namely quantitative yields, intermediate formation of F-alkyl iminophosphoranes which are useful in other syntheses and convenient preparation of a range of new carbonyl compounds.  相似文献   

16.
Some ω-functional propargylic-bis-trimethylsilanes, easily prepared from propargyltrimethylsilane through classical methods, allow a convenient one-pot synthesis of 2-alkyl-4-trimethylsilyl-3-vinylidenetetrahydropyranes and N-alkyl-4-trimethylsilyl-3-vinylidene-piperidines. These new silanes undergo a protodesilylation reaction leading to conjugated heterocyclic dienes.  相似文献   

17.
《Tetrahedron》1986,42(2):669-674
Reductive tetrasilylation of t-butyl-, trimethylsilyl- and o-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzenes with Me3SiCl/Li/THF was carried out in high yields, giving the corresponding cyclohexene derivatives [one (1), two (2a and 2b) and one (3) isomers, respectively]. X-Ray structure analysis of 1 and comparison of NMR (1H, 29Si) data of the four products allowed complete structure assignments. The presence of a t-Bu or Me3Si group in the vinylic position requires that the Me3Si group attached to the vicinal Csp3 atom be in the pseudo-axial position. For the first 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexasilylated cyclohexene 3 we propose a pseudo-chair structure in which the four silyl groups attached to Csp3 atoms are in pseudo-axial positions.  相似文献   

18.
The ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene polymerization in a “cold plasma” leads to polymers with considerable deficiencies of hydrogen or fluorine atoms. With electronic spin resonance, the various kinds of radicals trapped in the macromolecular structure have been detected and in some cases identified and determined. The mechanisms could be partly explained in thermodynamic terms. Irradiation of the corresponding commercial polymers gives some information about degradation processes in the plasma.  相似文献   

19.
The equilibrium contact and the kinetics of adherence of flat-ended spheres, under an imposed applied load, in contact with the flat and smooth surface of a soft elastomer sample (natural rubber) are examined with the help of concepts from fracture mechanics. The variation of the dissipation function Φ = (G − w)/w, where G is the strain energy release rate and w is the Dupré energy of adhesion, is studied as a function of the crack propagation speed V at the interface between the flat-ended sphere and the elastic solid. As expected, a master curve Φ(V) is found, confirming the variation of Φ as the 0.55 power function of V, which Barquins and Charmet established recently in adherence experiments with the same rubber-like material.  相似文献   

20.
Résumé Le spectre U.V. de solutions contenant un dérivé N-méthylé aza-aromatique en présence d'un hydrocarbure polycyclique présente une bande supplémentaire, qui est attribuée à un complexe de transfert de charge. Cette hypothèse est étayée par la comparaison des énergies de transition avec celles observées pour les transferts de charge entre les ions I et ces mêmes dérivés N-méthylés.Les positions des bandes de transfert de charge de l'iodure de pyridinium sont interprétées sur la base de considérations théoriques.
The U.V. spectra of solutions of N-methylated monoaza-aromatic compounds show new absorption bands when polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are added. This is attributed to the formation of charge transfer complexes. This hypothesis is supported by the comparison of these spectra with those obtained from the interaction of I with the same methylated monoazaaromatic compounds.An attempt to interpret the positions of the charge transfer bands in the spectra of pyridinium iodide and N-methylpyridinium iodide, based on theoretical data, is given.

Zusammenfassung Die UV-Spektren von Lösungen eines N-Methyl-aza-aromaten in Gegenwart eines polycyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffes zeigen eine zusätzliche Bande, die einem Elektronenacceptordonator-Komplex zuzuordnen ist. Diese Hypothese wird durch den Vergleich des Spektrums mit demjenigen des analogen Jod-Komplexes gestützt.Außerdem wird die Lage der Charge-Transfer-Bande des Pyridiniumjodids durch theoretische Überlegungen erklärt.


Pour I et VIII voir respectivement: a) Coppens, G., et J. Nasielski: Bull. Soc. Chim. Beige 70, 136 (1961); b) Anthoine, G., J. Nasielski et E. Vander Donckt: Bull. Soc. Chim. Beige (sous presse).

Associé du F.N.R.S.

Aspirant du F.N.R.S.

Nous exprimons notre gratitude à Monsieur le professeur R. H. Martin qui a suivi ces recherches avec le plus vif intérêt.Que le Ponds National de la Recherche Scientifique (F.N.R.S.) trouve ici l'expression de notre gratitude pour l'aide morale et financière dont nous avons bénéficié.Nos remerciements vont également au Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique Fondamentale Collective pour le subside octroyé au laboratoire.Nous tenons aussi à remercier très sincèrement Monsieur V. Bellevitch, Directeur du Comité d'Etude et d'exploitation des Calculateurs Electroniques, qui a mis au point le programme de résolution des équations séculaires et qui nous a fourni les vecteurs et valeurs propres utilisées dans ce travail.  相似文献   

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