“多靶串接”饱和增益软X光激光实验研究

采用“多靶串接”设计,利用强度为0.8×10~(13)～1.0×10~(13)W/cm~2,波长为1.05μm,脉宽约1ns的两路钕玻璃激光线聚焦辐照四块串接的平面厚锗靶,观察到波长为23.2和23.6nm的接近饱和的类Ne锗软X光激光输出。当总靶长为5.6cm时,这两种波长的软X光激光输出的GL值都达到16左右,沿靶法线和靶平面方向的发散角都只有3～4mrad。     

类氖锗X射线激光光学特性研究

本工作测量了类氖锗3s-3p X射线激光的23.2nm和23.6nm两条强激光跃迁线水平方向和垂直方向的空间分布,当靶长20mm时,X射线激光水平方向束发散角约为12mrad,主束指向偏离线状等离子体轴线约8mrad;垂直方向束发散角约为22mrad,本工作还采用钼/硅多层膜平面反射镜,对X射线激光进行正反射,获得了X射线激光双程放大的光学特性。 关键词：     

共振线俘获对碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响

以类氖-锗离子为例,用逃逸概率方法研究了共振线俘获效应对电子碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响。对波长为19.6nm,23.2nm和23.6nm等三条激光线,讨论了增益特性对增益区宽度ΔR和介质速度梯度dV/dZ的依赖关系.     

共振线俘获对碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响

 以类氖-锗离子为例,用逃逸概率方法研究了共振线俘获效应对电子碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响。对波长为19.6nm,23.2nm和23.6nm等三条激光线,讨论了增益特性对增益区宽度ΔR和介质速度梯度dV/dZ的依赖关系.     

类氖锗软X光激光输出趋于饱和

九一年九月,中国工程物理研究院在上海嘉定的“神光”装置上进行了一轮类氖锗软X光激光实验,成功地使波长23.2nm和23.6nm的激光输出趋于饱和,这一成果与国内外同类实验相比处于领先地位。 实验由北京应用物理与计算数学研究所、上海激光等离子体研究所联袂进行,前者提供预估参数和理论模拟依据,后者实施实验作业。同时得到上     

类氖锗X光激光增益实验

本文介绍了在LF-12激光器上进行的类氖锗X光激光增益实验。当泵浦激光波长为1.053μm,脉宽为1.1～1.4ns、能量为550～650J、线聚焦焦斑为185μm×20mm时,使用片状锗靶测量波长为19.61、23.22、23.63、24.73及28.65nm的五条激光跃迁线的增益分别为3.06、3.99、3.72、2.36及4.59cm^(-1)。实验给出了关于柱形等离子体激光介质发射区厚度及软X射线激光发射角的实验数据。实验也给出了软X射线激光强度随泵浦激光功率密度变化的讯息。最后分析了由薄膜锗X光激光靶进行的增益实验中未看到激光增益线的原因。     

用类氖锗X光激光实验检验理论模拟

 介绍了用国内1ns长脉冲和国外多脉冲驱动的类氖锗的实验数据检验X光激光的理论模拟程序系列的工作。在长脉冲驱动时，对波长19.6，23.2和23.6nm三条激光线，理论模拟与实验数据基本符合。在多个短脉冲驱动时，除了与严重过电离的复合等离子体有关的实验外，理论模拟与实验也基本符合。为今后设计激光聚变等离子体诊断所需类氖锗X光激光光源工作打下了基础。     

“四靶串接”类氖锗软X光激光趋向饱和增益的理论研究

介绍了“四靶串接”设计思想,继对接方式之后,又提出了顺接方式来提高X光激光增益,使四靶总长度达到5.6cm。我们研制了程序系列来模拟这一实验,直接给出测点处的X光激光的强度。先用上轮“双靶对接”实验结果检验我们的程序系列,使得23.2nm激光线的结果与实验数据相符合,再用它模拟“四靶串接”实验。在实验之前,对各靶之间距离和角度,以及这些数据对实验结果的敏感程度作了预估,用以指导实验。实验结果证明理论模拟是正确的。23.2nm和23.6nm两条激光线已明显趋于饱和,其小讯号增益长度积GL分别达到18.3和17.6,有效GL分别达到16.4和15.7。X光激光的发散角已减小到3～4mrad,超过美国利弗莫尔实验室(LLNL)已发表的最好结果。     

类氖-锗电子碰撞激发X光激光的增益特性

 电子碰撞激发X光激光的增益特性依赖于电子密度Ne、电子温度Te、增益区宽度D R和介质速度梯度dv/dz等四个表征等离子体内部状态的参数。以类氖-锗离子为例研究了反转和增益特性对Te、Ne的依赖关系，并在典型的增益区宽度（D R=100 μm）和介质速度梯度（dv/dz=1.3×10⁹s^-1）下讨论了共振线俘获对增益特性影响，给出波长为19.6nm, 23.2nm和23.6nm三条激光线的增益目标区域。还讨论了双电子复合过程对离子布居的重要影响。     

双脉冲驱动锗薄膜靶高增益X射线激光实验

利用窄脉宽,低能量并具有一定时间间隔的两束激光脉冲驱动薄膜锗靶,获得高增益X射线激光的实验方法和结果,每束入射激光能量仅几十焦耳,脉宽100—160ps,两脉冲时间间隔35Ops,所用的靶为锗薄膜靶,其长为10mm,厚为34.0nm,实验中利用掠人射光栅谱仪观测到类氖锗3s—3PJ=0—1和J=2—1两条激光线,它们的波长分别为19.61nm和23.63nm,折射角均为12mrad,人发散用分别小于10.8mrad和17.8mrad. 关键词：     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.