甲基丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺双单体共聚反蛋白石光子晶体的制备

以烧结后的二氧化硅光子晶体为模板,采用溶胶凝胶法向模板间隙填充以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为双功能单体,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(BIS)为交联剂的聚合物前驱液,制备了甲基丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺共聚(PMAM)双单体反蛋白石凝胶光子晶体.通过紫外可见光谱分析表明,反蛋白石结构的凝胶膜对pH响应范围在4.0～7.0之间.由于其不受离子强度的影响,除了可以作为pH传感器外,还可以作为金属离子及生物小分子等分子印迹光子晶体传感器的基体膜.     

二氧化钛反蛋白石薄膜的制备及其在化学传感器中的应用

用提拉成膜法将单分散295 nm聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)胶体微球自组装成蛋白石光子晶体膜. 在PMMA蛋白石光子晶体膜的空隙里填充15 nm二氧化钛纳米颗粒, 经500 ℃的处理除去PMMA膜板, 制备出大面积, 结构均一的二氧化钛反蛋白石光子晶体膜. 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察和X射线光电能谱(XPS)分析表明, 这种二氧化钛反蛋白石光子晶体薄膜是六方紧密堆积. 用这种二氧化钛反蛋白石光子晶体膜对溶液折射率的检测实验表明该传感膜分辨率可达0.01.     

乙基膦酸分子印迹光子晶体传感器的研究

本研究结合光子晶体与分子印迹技术,制备了一种新颖有机磷毒剂光学传感器——三维分子印迹光子晶体(3D-MIPCs)凝胶膜.采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯胶体小球为光子晶体自组装阵列模板,以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为混合单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯和N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为混合交联剂,正辛醇和乙腈混合溶液为溶剂,光聚得到印迹聚合物.该材料对乙基膦酸响应速度快、选择性高,其对目标分子的识别作用会导致衍射光谱图的改变.随着在EPA浓度从0.5 mmol/L增加到1.5 mmol/L的过程中,反射峰强度逐渐降低,降幅达到10％,并伴随明显红移.该材料为乙基膦酸检测提供了新的思路,在神经毒剂检测及监控等领域有应用前景.     

三联噻吩衍生物功能化SiO2反蛋白石光子晶体荧光薄膜的制备及应用

将单分散聚苯乙烯微球乳液与SiO₂溶胶均匀混合后, 于恒温恒湿条件下, 竖直沉积共组装制备得到蛋白石型光子晶体薄膜, 然后利用牺牲模板法制得SiO₂反蛋白石光子晶体薄膜. 该薄膜依次经过浓硫酸与过氧化氢混合液、 3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷的甲苯溶液、 三联噻吩的三氯甲烷溶液和硼氢化钠的甲醇溶液处理后, 得到三联噻吩衍生物功能化的SiO₂反蛋白石光子晶体. 结果表明, 制备得到的光子晶体薄膜在512 nm处有荧光发射, 经紫外辐射后荧光猝灭, 甲醛气氛下458 nm处又出现新的荧光发射峰. 在甲醛气氛下20 s即可观察到荧光发射, 空气氛围下可恢复, 10次循环仍可保持强的荧光发射, 可重复性良好. 以无反蛋白石光子晶体结构的三联噻吩衍生物的平滑膜与甲醛作用的体系作为参比, 以330和400 nm聚苯乙烯微球为模板制备的三联噻吩功能化反蛋白石光子晶体, 在甲醛气氛中发射的荧光分别增强47.5和78.6倍. 这是由于光子晶体光子禁带的红带边和蓝带边与荧光发射波长相重叠, 产生了慢光子效应, 极大地增强了发射的荧光强度.     

聚苯乙烯光子晶体高效制备

以苯乙烯单体为原料,采用一步聚合自组装法制备了具有蛋白石结构的聚苯乙烯(PS)光子晶体(1);以1为模板制备了反蛋白石结构的TiO2光子晶体(2)来验证1的有序性;探讨了1的制备机理。1和2的结构和形貌经IR,SEM和TEM表征。讨论了乳化剂SDS的用量对PS微球排列有序性的影响。结果表明,SDS用量在30 mg～74 mg时,PS微球的粒径不断减小,微球排列的有序性受到影响;当SDS用量为52 mg时,PS微球排列的有序性最佳,能够形成蛋白石结构的1;2在大范围内有序排列进一步证明了1的高度有序性。     

三聚氰胺分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶膜传感器的制备及应用

该文将光子晶体与分子印迹技术结合，制备了分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶膜（MIPHs）作为光学传感器，用于样品中三聚氰胺的快速识别检测。以三聚氰胺为模板分子，通过垂直沉降自组装、填充聚合、去除模板3个步骤，制备得到了反蛋白石结构的三聚氰胺MIPHs。扫描电子显微镜的形貌表征表明，MIPHs具有高度有序的三维大孔结构。该MIPHs作为光学传感器可以将三聚氰胺的分子特异识别过程转换成光学信号，在对目标分析物分析时具有选择性高、响应快、灵敏度高的优点。此外，可以根据MIPHs的颜色变化利用图像软件分析或裸眼识别的方式实现目标分析物快速识别。实验结果表明，在最优条件下，三聚氰胺浓度为10^-11~10^-6mol/L时，MIPHs的布拉格衍射峰位移从563 nm红移到608 nm，而对三聚氰胺的结构类似物没有明显响应。     

水相分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶传感器检测尿液中的痕量吗啡

结合水相分子印迹和光子晶体技术构建了吗啡分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶传感器,并成功用于生物样品中痕量吗啡的筛查.以吗啡为印迹模板,甲基丙烯酸为单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸甲酯为交联剂,填充至二氧化硅光子晶体模板孔隙中进行共价型分子印迹聚合,在1％ HF溶液中除去光子晶体模板,并洗脱印迹模板分子,即可得到具有目标分子传感功能的分子印迹光子晶体水凝胶传感器.此传感器在水相环境中对吗啡分子的识别能力良好,可以在不需要标记的情况下,将目标分子的识别转变为衍射峰的位移,该光学信号通过传感器颜色的变化表现出来,吗啡浓度由10 pg/mL增加到1μg/mL过程中,衍射峰最大偏移达到38 nm,并且抗干扰能力强,检出限为0.1 μg/L,响应时间为40 s,可以重复使用.此检测平台不需要对样品进行处理,便可准确、灵敏、快速地检测复杂样品中的目标分析物.     

分子印迹纳米胶体阵列检测爆炸物的研究

以三硝基甲苯(TNT)为模板,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,采用乳液聚合法制备具有单分散性的TNT分子印迹胶体小球.通过垂直沉降法自组装,并用胶带将得到的具有蛋白石结构的分子印迹胶体阵列(MICA)固化.研究其在不同比例的甲醇/水溶液中的光学响应,并在最优检测环境下进行特异性吸附实验.实验表明,当甲醇/水的体积比为7∶3,TNT浓度为20 mmol/L时,反射峰红移近24 nm,为非印迹胶体阵列红移量的1.4倍,为TNT结构类似物的23倍.MICA在实现对光子晶体传感器制备简化的同时,提供了对TNT进行快速裸眼检测的可能性.     

硫化镉反蛋白石光子晶体制备及光解水制氢

对硫化镉反蛋白石结构光子晶体薄膜进行了可控合成,用巯基乙酸修饰的纳米晶和P(St-MMA-SPMAP)高分子小球共组装,成功地构筑了反蛋白石结构并用于可见光光解水产氢。结果表明,在可见光(λ≥420 nm)照射下,Cd S-310反蛋白石结构薄膜的光解水产氢性能比硫化镉纳米颗粒提高了一倍。这主要是因为等级孔结构反蛋白石光子晶体特性对催化剂的光催化性能的提升:首先,反蛋白石的周期性结构增加了光子在材料中的传播,提高了催化剂对太阳光的利用率;同时,大孔孔壁是由纳米颗粒堆积而成的,在反应中提供了更多的反应活性位点;此外,孔结构有利于物质的传输和分子的吸附。     

聚苯乙烯光子晶体的制备及其在传感中的应用

以基于毛细作用的垂直沉积法将单分散的二氧化硅胶体微球自组装成光子晶体．在二氧化硅光子晶体的多孔结构里填充聚苯乙烯甲苯溶液,经甲苯挥发,通过氢氟酸处理去除二氧化硅模板,制备出精美的聚苯乙烯光子晶体．研究表明：保留了模板有序多孔结构的聚苯乙烯能被用来作为敏感膜,这使得其在基于折射率变化的传感应用中具有潜在的价值．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.