初始啁啾对飞秒脉冲在光子晶体光纤中超连续谱产生的影响

采用分步傅里叶方法模拟了初始啁啾对光子晶体光纤中超连续谱产生的影响.根据光纤长度，将光子晶体光纤中脉冲的演化分成初始展宽、剧烈展宽和饱和展宽三个阶段.通过讨论啁啾脉冲和无初始啁啾脉冲在各阶段演化的区别，发现啁啾只在初始展宽和剧烈展宽阶段对光谱有影响，当β₂C<0时啁啾有利于光谱的展宽，当β₂C>0时则刚好相反，在饱和展宽阶段啁啾不再对光谱产生影响.要想利用啁啾脉冲来获得较宽的光谱，必须选择合适的光纤长度，使输出的脉冲处于剧烈展宽阶段.这为利用啁啾脉冲在光子晶体光 关键词： 超连续谱 光子晶体光纤 分步傅里叶法 啁啾     

Effect of initial chirp on near-infrared supercontinuum generation by a nanosecond pulse in a nonlinear fiber amplifier

Theoretical and experimental research on the effect of initial chirp on near-infrared supercontinuum generation by a nanosecond pulse in a nonlinear fiber amplifier is carded out. The complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is used to simulate the propagation of the pulse in the fiber amplifier and the results show that pulses with negative initial chirp produce the widest supercontinuum and pulses with positive initial chirp produce the narrowest supercontinuum when the central wavelength of the pump lies in the normal dispersion region of the gain fiber. A self-made line width narrowing system is utilized to control the initial chirp of the nanosecond pump pulse and a four-stage master oscillator power amplifier configuration is adopted to produce a high power near-infrared suppercontinuum. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulations which can provide some guidance on further optimization of the system in future work.     

啁啾脉冲放大激光系统中展宽器色散的解析算法

时域色散精密控制是超短激光产生及其应用中的关键技术之一,它通过控制各波长的光程产生相对延迟从而改变脉冲宽度.展宽器是啁啾脉冲放大激光系统中对激光脉冲展宽的装置,基于光线追迹法研究光线在展宽器中的传输路径,可计算飞秒脉冲中各波长的光程,进而计算脉冲展宽量并应用于系统设计.由于展宽器的光程表达式复杂,直接对其求导获得色散表达式较困难,目前只能采用数值导数获得近似解,这在计算过程中会引入误差,不利于激光系统精确设计和优化.本文介绍了一种易实现的求解展宽器色散的解析算法,通过归纳展宽器光程表达式特点,引入四个基元函数,将光程表达式分解和反复代换,可得到高阶色散的精确解析值.本文首先对Martinez型展宽器重新光线追迹,获得与Offner型展宽器一致的相位表达式,其次通过解析算法获得了两种展宽器的精确高阶色散值,最后将解析算法与数值算法的结果进行了比较.该解析算法对于啁啾脉冲放大系统的参数设计具有实用价值.     

Effects of initial frequency chirp on the linear propagation characteristics of the exponential optical pulse

In this paper, the linear propagation characteristics of the exponential optical pulse with initial linear and nonlinear frequency chirp are numerically studied in a single mode fibre for \be₂<0. It can be found that the temporal full width at half maximum and time-bandwidth product of exponential pulse monotonically increase with the increase of propagation distance and decrease with the increase of linear chirp C for C<0.5, go through an initial decreasing stage near \zeta=1, then increase with the increase of propagation distance and linear chirp C for C\geq0.5. The broadening of pulses with negative chirp is faster than that with positive chirp. The exponential pulse with linear chirp gradually evolves into a near-Gaussian pulse. The effect of nonlinear chirp on waveform of the pulse is much greater than that of linear chirp. The temporal waveform breaking of exponential pulse with nonlinear chirp is first observed in linear propagation. Furthermore, the expressions of the spectral width and time-bandwidth product of the exponential optical pulse with the frequency chirp are given by use of the numerical analysis method.     

Supercontinuum spectra generation in the single-mode optical fibre with concave dispersion profile

In this paper, a new method is proposed to generate broad supercontinuum (SC) spectra in the single-mode optical fibre with concave dispersion profile. We numerically simulate pulse evolutions and discuss physics mechanism in detail for SC spectrum generation in the optical fibre with concave dispersion profile. Furthermore, general criteria are presented for specifying the shape of SC spectrum by introducing normalized parameters, which are related to the fibres and the initial pump pulses. The results show that the flat and broad SC spectra are indeed generated in our proposed optical fibre.     

Analytical theory for pulse broadening induced by all-order polarization mode dispersion combined with frequency chirp and group-velocity dispersion

We derive an analytical expression for the expected root-mean-square (rms) pulse broadening with considering the combined effects of all-order polarization mode dispersion (PMD), group velocity dispersion (GVD) and frequency chirp. It is shown that two commonly used first-order PMD compensators lose their efficiency quickly with chirp parameter increasing if GVD is ignored. When GVD is added, prechirp technique is helpful for the enhancement of PMD tolerance for both uncompensated case and first-order compensators when GVD and PMD coefficient satisfy some special relationship.     

色散平坦渐减光纤产生平坦超宽超连续谱的特性研究

提出了色散平坦渐减光纤的一种新型色散模型.从频域的全场方程出发,通过数值计算对该种光纤中平坦超连续谱的产生展开了较系统深入的研究.研究表明,该种光纤相比常规色散平坦渐减光纤可以产生更宽的平坦超连续谱,其平坦谱宽可达1000nm以上.进一步的研究表明,光纤的初始峰值色散参量、色散参量微分常量、渐减系数和抽运脉冲的宽度、孤子阶数、初始啁啾等参数对该种光纤中平坦超宽超连续谱的形成都有着非常重要的影响. 关键词： 超连续谱 色散平坦渐减光纤 群速度色散 自相位调制     

色散缓变光纤中增益系数的取值对皮秒脉冲孤子效应压缩的影响

从描述皮秒光脉冲在色散缓变光纤(FSDD)中所满足的非线性Schro¨dinger方程(NLS)出发,数值模拟了高阶皮秒脉冲在增益系数取值不同的色散缓变光纤中的孤子效应压缩,研究分析了增益系数所产生的影响。计算结果表明,对于孤子阶数确定的光脉冲,增益系数有一最佳取值范围,对应于孤子效应压缩的参量———脉冲压缩比有最佳值。讨论了初始啁啾的影响。     

超连续谱注入飞秒光参量放大实验研究

提出了一种很有特色的基于超连续谱注入的飞秒光参量放大技术,该种技术方法不仅克服了常规1 053 nm脉冲在前端小能量放大时的增益窄化现象,而且可实现800 nm激光和1 053 nm激光的零时间同步。通过系统的实验研究,获得了大于4 mJ的1 053 nm宽带信号光能量     

Multi-wavelength generation of L-band brillouin/erbium fibre laser

In this paper, the operation of the Brillouin/erbium fibre laser (BEFL) in the long wavelength band (L-band or 1565–1625 nm) is experimentally demonstrated. The Stokes frequency is shifted 10 GHz from its Brillouin pump (BP) from 1598 to 1612 nm for the single wavelength BEFL. Multiple wavelength generation in the BEFL is realised by adding two 3-dB couplers, which are joined in a reverse-S arrangement to take a portion of the generated BEFL signal and re-inject it into the single-mode fibre (SMF) to seed a cascaded BEFL line in the same direction as the first BEFL line. Twenty lines including the anti-Stokes are obtained with a maximum BP and 980-nm pump power of 8.8 and 92 mW, respectively. The L-band BEFL has the potential to be used in future wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication system.     

Effect of initial linear chirp on collision characteristics of two solitons in the birefringent fibre

The collision characteristics of the orthogonally polarized solitons with initial linear frequency chirp in the linear birefringent fibre for \beta ₂<0 are numerically studied. It is found that initial chirp changes the threshold value of solitons to form the bound-state in the birefringent fibre. The effect of initial positive chirp on the threshold value is more obvious than that of negative chirp. In the case of \delta = 0.7 and initial interval 2\tau₀ = 1.25, the two solitons are mutually bound for 0.2 \le C \le 1, and they do not form the bound-state for -1 \le C<0.2. Frequency shifts increase with the increase of chirp parameter C for -1 \le C<0.2, and have the oscillatory structure for C \ge 0.2. The effect of positive chirp on temporal FWHM is greater than that of negative chirp. The peak of temporal waveform oscillates with the propagation distance. The period and amplitude of the oscillation for the chirped case are greater than those for the unchirped case, and they vary with the increase of | C| . The peak of output temporal waveform can be controlled by changing the initial chirp.     

Suppression of the interactions between fibre gratings used as dispersion compensators in dense wavelength-division multiplexing systems

Chirped fibre Bragg gratings (CFBGs) are required to be concatenated to compensate the fibre dispersion in the dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) systems. When the channel spacing is small, the performance of CFBGs is degraded, which restricts the usage of fibre gratings. The origin of the interactions between the gratings is analysed and methods of suppressing the interactions are also proposed.     

Enhanced pulse compression induced by the interaction between the third—order dispersion and the cross—phase modulation in birefringent fibres

In this paper,we report on the enhanced pulse compression due to the interaction between the positive third-order dispersion (TOD) and the nonlinear effect (cross-phase modulation effect) in birefringent fibres.Polarization soliton compression along the slow axis can be enhanced in a birefringent fibre with positive third-order dispersion,while the polarization soliton compression along the fast axis can be enhanced in the fibre with negative third-order dispersion.Moreover,there is an optimal third-order dispersion parameter for obtaining the optimal pulse compression.Redshifted initial chirp is helpful to the pulse compression,while blueshifted chirp is detrimental to the pulse compression.There is also an optimal chirp parameter to reach maximum pulse compression.The optimal pulse compression for TOD parameters under different N-order solitons is also found.     

Temperature or strain induced adjustable-chirp characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coating

Temperature and strain characteristics of uniform fibre grating with tapered metal coatings have been analysed theoretically, by which adjustable chirp characteristics of such gratings are shown. Electroplating is adopted to fabricate such gratings, and the tapered metal coating is obtained by gradually drawing the fibre grating out of the solution during the process of electroplating. The gradually changing cross-sectional area of the metal coating is calculated by a newly suggested numerical method. By combining the theoretical and numerical simulation analyses, the gratings' characteristics are given at various temperatures and strains. The results obtained using such a method are also testified by experiments.     

双折射光子晶体光纤中超连续谱产生的实验研究

研究了30 fs激光在双折射光子晶体光纤中传输时,泵浦光功率和偏振态对超连续谱产生的影响。实验结果表明:随着泵浦光功率增加,光谱宽度显著增加,出现红移的光孤子和蓝移的色散波;当泵浦光的偏振态分别平行于光子晶体光纤长轴和短轴时,二者都有红移的光孤子和蓝移的色散波,但前者色散波波长更短;当泵浦光偏振态介于长轴与短轴之间,可能在色散波之外出现了交叉相位波,产生的超连续谱最强,且其近场光斑最大且最亮。     

飞秒光参量振荡器中非线性晶体的空间啁啾与角色散

对飞秒光参量振荡器的空间啁啾和角色散进行了理论计算和分析.给出了在非线性晶体中的空间啁啾表达式，以及在BBO晶体Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配情况下，在角度调谐过程中非线性晶体包括角色散在内的二阶、三阶色散的解析表达式，并精确计算了角色散对其二阶、三阶色散的影响. 关键词： 飞秒光参量振荡器 空间啁啾 角色散 二阶、三阶色散     

飞秒激光脉冲在高非线性光子晶体光纤中产生超连续谱的实验研究

使用钛宝石激光器抽运一根长1m的高非线性光子晶体光纤,获得的超连续谱波长覆盖范围为420—1700nm,输出功率为170mW,转换效率在20%以上;对实验结果给出了详细的分析,并与理论模拟结果相比较,认为超连续谱产生的主要原因是高阶孤子的分裂和四波混频效应.同时研究了不同抽运功率和不同抽运波长下超连续谱产生的情况,发现对同一根光纤,抽运功率由小到大变化时,可将输出的光谱分为初始展宽,剧烈展宽和饱和展宽三个阶段,当输出的光谱处于初始展宽和饱和展宽阶段时,都会存在一定的抽运残留,当输出的光谱处于剧烈展宽时,转 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 超连续谱 高阶孤子 反常色散区     

Diffraction of white-light supercontinuum by femtosecond laser-induced transient grating in carbon bisulfide

Experiments on fs laser-induced transient grating (LITG) in carbon bisulfide (CS2 ) are carried out to explore the chirp characteristics of a white-light supercontinuum (SC) generated by a 800-nm, 160-fs laser pulse in a 4-mm thick Al2O3 crystal. Two orders of diffraction signals of SC by fs LITG in CS2 are observed, demonstrating that both the third-order process and the fifth-order process are present simultaneously. The experimental results also imply that the formation of an fs transient refractive-index grating in CS2 is mainly due to the electronic polarization process.     

基于时分复用技术的甚多束光脉冲产生系统

提出了一种基于时分复用技术的全光纤、全固化的用于惯性约束聚变驱动器的甚多路光脉冲产生系统.系统中采用单纵模振荡器输出连续激光信号,利用时分复用技术结合高速电光调制技术实现序列脉冲的产生和甚多束脉冲的独立整形.采用偏振无关的声光调制技术实现甚多束脉冲的独立输出.每个序列脉冲包含8个子脉冲,子脉冲间隔设置为120ns,对子脉冲独立整形和选单后将其传输放大至微焦耳量级输出.实验成功验证了采用时分复用技术完全可以实现序列脉冲输出,各子脉冲可以独立任意整形且最后的单束输出能量为1.275μJ.     

Joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems

This paper introduces a joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method for coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems. The research results show that this method can reduce the walk-off effect and can therefore equalize the nonlinear impairments effectively. Compared with the only other existing nonlinearity pre-compensation method, the joint nonlinearity and chromatic dispersion pre-compensation method is not only suitable for low-dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system, but also effective for high-dispersion optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing transmission system with higher input power but without optical dispersion compensation. The suggested solution does not increase computation complexity compared with only nonlinearity pre-compensation method. For 40 Gbit/s coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing 20×80 km standard single-mode fibre system, the suggested method can improve the nonlinear threshold (for Q > 10 dB) about 2.7, 1.2 and 1.0 dB, and the maximum Q factor about 1.2, 0.4 and 0.3 dB, for 2, 8 and 16 ps/(nm·km) dispersion coefficients.