Dissolution Enthalpy and Entropy of Thiourea in Ethanol at 292–320 K

The dissolution enthalpy and entropy of thiourea in ethanol have been calculated from solubilities of thiourea in ethanol at the mass fractions 0.54–0.88 and temperatures 292–320 K. The data can be used for the synthesis of isopropyl mercaptan.     

Solubility of Succinic Acid in Ethanol Plus Water Systems from 278.15 K to 333.15 K

In an equilibrium vessel, the solubilities of succinic acid in binary aqueous ethanol solvents were measured by the analytical stirred-flask method with the temperature ranging from 278.15 to 333.15 K at atmospheric pressure. Data on the corresponding solid–liquid equilibrium of succinic acid in binary aqueous ethanol solutions are essential for industrial design and further theoretical studies. The effect of solvent composition and temperature on the solubility is discussed. The solubility data were correlated with the Combined Nearly Ideal Binary Solvent/Redlich-Kister (CNIBS/R-K) model. The solubility measured in this study can be used for succinic acid purification or optical resolution by the preferential crystallization procedure.     

Solubility of β-HMX in Acetone + Water Mixed Solvent Systems at Temperatures from 293.15 K to 313.15 K

The solubility of ??-HMX in acetone + water mixed solvents was measured using a synthetic method. The laser monitoring observation technique was used to determine the disappearance of the solid phase in a solid + liquid mixture. All data were measured at atmospheric pressure and at temperatures ranging from (293.15 to 313.15)?K. The effects of solvent composition and temperature on the solubility are discussed. The experimental data were correlated with an empirical equation.     

Solubility of Adenine and Kinetin in Water–Ethanol Solutions

We have measured the solubility of adenine and kinetin in water–ethanol solutions. Various models of cosolvency have been taken into account in the analysis of the experimental data. The results are interpreted in terms of hydrophobic interactions.     

Solubility of Atrazine in Binary Mixtures of Water + Ethanol or 1-Propanol from 283.15 to 343.15 K

The solubility of atrazine (solid) was measured in water + ethanol and water + propanol from 283.15 to 343.15 K. The experimental results showed that in ethanol + water and 1-propanol + water the solubility of atrazine increased slowly with temperature below 308.15 K but increased significantly above 308.15 K. It was also found that the slope of the solubility–temperature curve increases significantly with an increase in the mole fraction of organic solvent in the mixtures. The modified Apelblat and NRTL equations were applied to describe the measured systems. The model parameters of the NRTL equation were expressed as a function of temperature.     

Solubility and Dissolution Thermodynamics of Cefmetazole Acid in Four Neat Solvents and Preferential Solvation in Co-Solvent Mixtures of (Methanol,Ethanol or Isopropanol) + Water

The solubilities of cefmetazole acid in methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and water were determined experimentally by using the saturation shake-flask method within the temperature range from (278.15 to 303.15) K under pressure p?=?101.1 kPa. At a fixed temperature, the cefmetazole acid solubility falls in the order methanol?>?ethanol?>?isopropanol?>?water. The apparent dissolution enthalpy, dissolution entropy and Gibbs energy change were calculated. The acquired solubilities were correlated with Apelblat’s equation. The largest value of relative average deviation for mole fraction solubility was 0.45 × 10^?2, and of root-mean-square deviation, 0.747 × 10^?5. The type and extent and direction of solute–solvent interactions were identified using the concept of Linear Solvation Energy Relationship. In addition, the preferential solvation parameters (δx_1,3) of cefmetazole acid in co-solvent mixtures of methanol (1)?+?water (2), ethanol (1)?+?water (2) and isopropanol (1)?+?water (2) were derived via the inverse Kirkwood–Buff integrals method. At 298.15 K, the magnitude of preferential solvation of cefmetazole acid by the co-solvent is highest in methanol mixtures, followed by ethanol mixtures, and finally by isopropanol mixtures.     

Solubility of Potassium Acetate in Water, 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol,Ethanol and Their Binary Mixtures at 288.15—333.15 K

The potassium acetate solutions are new potential working fluids for the closed-type reverse electrodialysis(RED) power generation system driven by thermal energy. In this paper, the solubilities of potassium acetate in water, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, ethanol and their binary mixtures were measured by using the laser dynamic method over the temperature range of 288.15 to 333.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The results indicate that the solubility of potassium acetate solution is influenced by both the solvent components and solution temperature evidently. Besides, it is found that the measured solubility data of the potassium acetate-water-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol solutions as per the laser dynamic method are slightly larger than that of the data obtained as per the static method. Finally, five correlation models, including the Van't Hoff model, Modified Apelblat model, Yaws model, λh model and Modified Apelblat-Jouyban-Acree model, were used to correlate the measured solubility data of those potassium acetate solutions, with the relative standard deviations within 0.23% to 1.58%.     

Solubility of Genistin in Ethanol/Acetone + Water and Daidzein in Ethanol + Water Co-solvent Mixtures Revisited: IBKI Preferential Solvation Method

The preferential solvation parameters (δx_1,3) of genistin in ethanol/acetone (1) + water (2) and daidzein in ethanol (1) + water (2) co-solvent mixtures at elevated temperatures were derived from available solubility data using the inverse Kirkwood–Buff integral method. The values of δx_1,3 varied non-linearly with the co-solvent (1) proportion in all the aqueous mixtures. For the three co-solvent mixtures, the values of δx_1,3 were negative in water-rich mixtures, which indicated that daidzein or genistin was preferentially solvated by water and can act as Lewis bases to establish hydrogen bonds with the proton-donor functional groups of water (1). The same behavior was also observed for daidzein in ethanol (1) + water (2) and acetone (1) + water (2) mixtures with co-solvent-rich composition. For daidzein in ethanol (1) + water (2) mixtures with composition 0.24 < x₁ < 1, and genistin in ethanol (1) + water (2) and acetone (1) + water (2) mixtures with intermediate compositions, the local mole fractions of ethanol or acetone were higher than those of the mixtures and therefore the δx_1,3 values were positive, which indicated that genistin and daidzein were preferentially solvated by the co-solvent. In these regions, daidzein and genistin were acting as a Lewis acid with ethanol or acetone molecules.     

Equations for the Partition of Neutral Molecules, Ions and Ionic Species from Water to Water–Ethanol Mixtures

Equations set up for the transfer of neutral solutes from water to water?Cethanol mixtures can also be used to correlate the transfer of ions and ionic species, as log₁₀ P, where P is the partition coefficient. Only two additional terms are required in the equations, one for anions and one for cations. The extended equations can fit log₁₀ P values for anions and cations with a standard deviation of about 0.2 to 0.3 log units for transfer of 41 anions and cations from water to various water?Cethanol mixtures from 10?% ethanol to 100?% ethanol by volume. The log₁₀ P values for carboxylate anions and protonated amine cations as obtained from the variation of pK _a with solvent are quite compatible with log₁₀ P values for simple anions and cations.     

Solubility of Ketoconazole in Binary and Ternary Solvents of Polyethylene Glycols 200, 400 or 600 with Ethanol and Water at 298.2 K. Data Report and Analysis

The solubilities of ketoconazole in binary and ternary mixtures of water, ethanol and polyethylene glycols 200, 400 or 600 (185 data points) were determined at 298.2 K. Williams–Amidon and Jouyban–Acree cosolvency models were used to model the data, with overall mean relative deviations (OMRDs) for the solubility data in binary and ternary solvents of 17.5 and 23.5%, respectively. For predicting the solubility data of ketoconazole the trained versions of the models were used and the OMRD values were 47.7 and 33.0%, respectively.     

Concentration Dependences of the Surface Tension and Density of Solutions of Acetone–Ethanol–Water Systems at 293 K

Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A - Concentration dependences of the surface tension and density of solutions of three-component acetone–ethanol–water systems and the bounding...     

4-(Methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde Solubility in Binary Solvent Mixtures of Acetonitrile + (Methanol,Ethanol and Isopropanol): Determination and Modelling

The solubilities of 4-(methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde in the binary mixed solvents acetonitrile + methanol, acetonitrile + ethanol and acetonitrile + isopropanol were determined experimentally using an isothermal dissolution equilibrium method within the temperature range from 283.15 to 318.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The solubility of 4-(methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde increased with increasing temperature and mass fraction of acetonitrile in each binary system. At the same temperature and mass fraction of acetonitrile, the mole fraction solubility of 4-(methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde is greater in (acetonitrile + methanol) than in the other two mixed solvents. The solubility data were correlated using the CNIBS/R-K model, Jouyban–Acree model, van’t Hoff–Jouyban–Acree model, Apelblat–Jouyban–Acree model, Ma model and Sun model. The maximum values of relative average deviation (RAD) and root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) are 1.53% and 1.17 × 10^?4, respectively. All of the selected models provided good representation of the experimental solubilities. Furthermore, the standard enthalpies of dissolution were calculated. The dissolution process for 4-(methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde in these mixed solvents is endothermic. The experimental solubility and the models presented in this work are important for the production and purification of 4-(methylsulfonyl)benzaldehyde.     

Correspondence Between Grunberg–Nissan, Arrhenius and Jouyban–Acree Parameters for Viscosity of Isobutyric Acid?+?Water Binary Mixtures from 302.15 to 313.15?K

The study of physical properties of binary liquid mixtures is of great importance for understanding and characterizing intermolecular interactions. Similarly, some models attempt to correlate viscosity in liquid mixtures in order to illuminate interacting structures and peculiar behaviors. Grunberg?CNissan parameters for viscosity (??) in isobutyric acid?+?water mixtures over the entire range of mole fractions under atmospheric pressure and from 302.15 to 313.15?K were calculated from experimental dynamic viscosities presented in previous works. Many experimenters investigate physicochemical properties using various models to develop interpretations and conclusions. The present work comes within the framework of correlating different equations. Relationships between the Grunberg?CNissan and Arrhenius and Jouyban?CAcree parameters for viscosity are shown in one critical binary mixture.     

Measurement and Correlation of the Solubility of N-Acetylglycine in Different Solvents at Temperatures from 278.15 to 319.15 K

The solubility of N-acetylglycine was measured in methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol and ethyl formate in the temperature range between 278.15 and 319.15 K under atmospheric pressure by a gravimetric method. The solubility of N-acetylglycine in those selected solvents increases with increasing temperature. The solubility data were correlated with the van’t Hoff equation, the modified Apelblat equation and the λh equation to obtain the corresponding model parameters. The experimental results could be useful for optimizing the industrial process of purification of N-acetylglycine.