Mechanistic study on the coupling reaction of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids catalyzed by (iminophosphine)palladium(0) complexes. Detection of a palladium(II) intermediate with a coordinated boron anion

The complexes [Pd(eta2-dmfu)(P-N)] [P-N = 2-(PPh2)C6H4-1-CH=NR, R = C(6)H(4)OMe-4; CHMe2; C6H3Me2-2,6; C6H3(CHMe2)-2,6] react with an excess of BrC6H4R1-4 (R1= CF3; Me) yielding the oxidative addition products [PdBr(C6H4R1-4)(P-N)] at different rates depending on R [C6H4OMe-4 > C6H3(CHMe2)-2,6 > CHMe2 approximately C6H3Me2-2,6] and R1 (CF3> Me). In the presence of K2CO3 and activated olefins (ol = dmfu, fn), the latter compounds react with an excess of 4-R2C6H4B(OH)2 (R2= H, Me, OMe, Cl) to give [Pd(eta2-ol)(P-N)] and the corresponding biaryl through transmetallation and fast reductive elimination. The transmetallation proceeds via a palladium(II) intermediate with an O-bonded boron anion, the formation of which is markedly retarded by increasing the bulkiness of R. The intermediate was isolated for R = CHMe2, R1 = CF3 and R2= H. The boron anion is formulated as a diphenylborinate anion associated with phenylboronic acid and/or as a phenylboronate anion associated with diphenylborinic acid. In general, the oxidative addition proceeds at a lower rate than transmetallation and represents the rate-determining-step in the coupling reaction of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids catalyzed by [Pd(eta2-dmfu)(P-N)].     

o-Phenylene-bridged Cp/sulfonamido titanium complexes for ethylene/1-octene copolymerization

The Suzuki-coupling reaction of 2-(dihydroxyboryl)-3,4-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one and 2-(dihydroxyboryl)-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one with 2-bromoaniline derivatives affords cyclopentenone compounds from which cyclopentadiene compounds, 4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,5-Me2C5H3)C6H2NH2 and 4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,3,5-Me3C5H2)C6H2NH2 are prepared. After sulfonation of the -NH2 group with p-TsCl, metallation is carried out by successive addition of Ti(NMe2)4 and Me2SiCl2 affording o-phenylene-bridged Cp/sulfonamido titanium dichloride complexes, [4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,5-Me2C5H2)C6H2NSO2C6H4CH3)]TiCl2 (R'=H, ; R'=Me, ; R'=F, ) and [4,6-R'(2)-2-(2,3,5-Me3C5H)C6H2NSO2C6H4CH3)]TiCl2 (R'=H, ; R'=Me, ; R'=F, ). The molecular structures of and [2-(2,5-Me2C5H2)C6H4NSO2C6H4CH3)]Ti(NMe2)2 are determined by X-ray crystallography. The Cp(centroid)-Ti-N angle in is smaller (100.90 degrees) than that observed for the CGC (constrained-geometry catalyst), [Me2Si(eta5-Me4Cp)(NtBu)]TiCl2 (107.6 degrees) indicating a more "constrained feature" in than in the CGC. Complex shows the highest activity among the newly prepared complexes in ethylene/1-octene copolymerization but it is slightly inferior to the CGC in terms of activity, comonomer-incorporation ability, and molecular weight of the obtained polymers.     

Room-temperature phosphorescence and energy transfer in luminescent multinuclear platinum(II) complexes of branched alkynyls

A series of luminescent branched platinum(II) alkynyl complexes, [1,3,5-{RC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]C-C6H4C[triple bond]C}3C6H3] (R=C6H5, C6H4OMe, C6H4Me, C6H4CF3, C5H4N, C6H4SAc, 1-napthyl (Np), 1-pyrenyl (Pyr), 1-anthryl-8-ethynyl (HC[triple bond]CAn)), [1,3-{PyrC[triple chemical bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}2-5-{(iPr)3SiC[triple bond]C}C6H3], and [1,3-{PyrC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}2-5-(HC[triple bond]C)C6H3], was successfully synthesized by using the precursors [1,3,5-{Cl(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}3C6H3] or [1,3-{Cl(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}2-5-{(iPr)3SiC[triple bond]C}C6H3]. The X-ray crystal structures of [1,3,5-{MeOC6H4C[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}3C6H3] and [1,8-{Cl(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]C}2An] have been determined. These complexes were found to show long-lived emission in both solution and solid-state phases at room temperature. The emission origin of the branched complexes [1,3,5-{RC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}3C6H3] with R=C6H5, C6H4OMe, C6H4Me, C6H4CF3, C5H4N, and C6H4SAc was tentatively assigned to be derived from triplet states of predominantly intraligand (IL) character with some mixing of metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) (dpi(Pt)-->pi*(C[triple bond]CR)) character, while the emission origin of the branched complexes with polyaromatic alkynyl ligands, [1,3,5-{RC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}3C6H3] with R=Np, Pyr, or HC[triple bond]CAn, [1,3-{PyrC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}2-5-{(iPr)3SiC[triple bond]C}C6H3], [1,3-{PyrC[triple bond]C(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]CC6H4C[triple bond]C}2-5-(HC[triple bond]C)C6H3], and [1,8-{Cl(PEt3)2PtC[triple bond]C}2An], was tentatively assigned to be derived from the predominantly 3IL states of the respective polyaromatic alkynyl ligands, mixed with some 3MLCT (d(pi)(Pt)-->pi*(C[triple bond]CR)) character. By incorporating different alkynyl ligands into the periphery of these branched complexes, one could readily tune the nature of the lowest energy emissive state and the direction of the excitation energy transfer.     

Phosphino imidazoles and imidazolium salts for Suzuki C-C coupling reactions

The consecutive syntheses of imidazoles 1-(4-X-C(6)H(4))-4,5-R(2)-(c)C(3)HN(2) (3a, X = Br, R = H; 3b, X = I, R = Me; 3c, X = H, R = Me; 5, X = Fc, R = H; 7, X = C≡CFc, R = H; 9, X = C(6)H(5), R = Me; Fc = Fe(η(5)-C(5)H(4))(η(5)-C(5)H(5))), phosphino imidazoles 1-(4-X-C(6)H(4))-2-PR'(2)-4,5-R(2)-(c)C(3)N(2) (11a-k; X = Br, I, Fc, FcC≡C, Ph; R = H, Me; R' = Ph, (c)C(6)H(11), (c)C(4)H(3)O), imidazolium salts [1-(4-X-C(6)H(4))-3-R'-4,5-R(2)-(c)C(3)HN(2)]I (16a; X = Br, R = H, R' = n-Bu; 16b, X = Br, R = H, R' = n-C(8)H(17); 16c, X = I, R = Me, R' = n-C(8)H(17), 16d, X = H, R = Me, R' = n-C(8)H(17)) and phosphino imidazolium salts [1-C(6)H(5)-2-PR'(2)-3-n-C(8)H(17)-4,5-Me(2)-(c)C(3)N(2)]PF(6) (17a, R' = C(6)H(5); 17b, R' = (c)C(6)H(11)) or [1-(4-P(C(6)H(5))(2)-C(6)H(4))-3-n-C(8)H(17)-4,5-Me(2)-(c)C(3)HN(2)]PF(6), (20) and their selenium derivatives 1-(4-X-C(6)H(4))-2-P([double bond, length as m-dash]Se)R'(2)-4,5-R(2)-(c)C(3)N(2) (11a-Se-f-Se; X = Br, I; R = H, Me; R' = C(6)H(5), (c)C(6)H(11), (c)C(4)H(3)O) are reported. The structures of 11a-Se and [(1-(4-Br-C(6)H(4))-(c)C(3)H(2)N(2)-3-n-Bu)(2)PdI(2)] (19) in the solid state were determined. Cyclovoltammetric measurements were performed with the ferrocenyl-containing molecules 5 and 7 showing reversible redox events at E(0) = 0.108 V (ΔE(p) = 0.114 V) (5) and E(0) = 0.183 V (ΔE(p) = 0.102 V) (7) indicating that 7 is more difficult to oxidise. Imidazole oxidation does not occur up to 1.3 V in dichloromethane using [(n-Bu)(4)N][B(C(6)F(5))(4)] as supporting electrolyte, whereas an irreversible reduction is observed between -1.2 - -1.5 V. The phosphino imidazoles 11a-k and the imidazolium salts 17a,b and 20, respectively, were applied in the Suzuki C-C cross-coupling of 2-bromo toluene with phenylboronic acid applying [Pd(OAc)(2)] as palladium source. Depending on the electronic character of 11a-k, 17a,b and 20 the catalytic performance of the in situ generated catalytic active species can be predicted. As assumed, more electron-rich phosphines with their higher donor capability show higher activity and productivity. Additionally, 11e was applied in the coupling of 4-chloro toluene with phenylboronic acid showing an excellent catalytic performance when compared to catalysts used by Fu, Beller and Buchwald. Furthermore, 11e is eligible for the synthesis of sterically hindered biaryls under mild reaction conditions. C-C Coupling reactions with the phosphino imidazolium salts 17b and 20 in ionic liquids [BMIM][PF(6)] and [BDMIM][BF(4)] were performed, showing less activity than in common organic solvents.     

Catalytic ethylene polymerisation in carbon dioxide as a reaction medium with soluble nickel(II) catalysts

A series of neutral Ni(II)-salicylaldiminato complexes substituted with perfluorooctyl- and trifluoromethyl groups, [Ni{kappa(2)-N,O-6-C(H)==NAr-2,4-R'(2)C(6)H(2)O}(Me)(pyridine)] (6 a: Ar=2,6-{4-(F(17)C(8))C(6)H(4)}(2)C(6)H(3), R'=I; 6 b: Ar=2,6-{4-(F(3)C)C(6)H(4)}(2)C(6)H(3), R'=I; 6 c: Ar=2,6-{3,5-(F(3)C)(2)C(6)H(3)}(2)C(6)H(3), R'=3,5-(F(3)C)(2)C(6)H(3); 6 d: Ar=2,6-{4-(F(17)C(8))C(6)H(4)}(2)C(6)H(3), R'=3,5-(F(3)C)(2)C(6)H(3); 6 e: Ar=2,6-{3,5-(F(3)C)(2)C(6)H(3)}(2)C(6)H(3), R'=I) were studied as catalyst precursors for ethylene polymerisation in supercritical CO(2). Catalyst precursors 6 a and 6 c, which are soluble in scCO(2), afford the highest polymer yields, corresponding to 2 x 10(3) turnovers. Semicrystalline polyethylene (M(n) typically 10(4) g mol(-1)) is obtained with variable degrees of branching (11 to 24 branches per 1000 carbon atoms, predominantly Me branches) and crystallinities (54 to 21 %), depending on the substitution pattern of the catalyst.     

Amino-functionalised diarylphosphide complexes of the alkali metals and lanthanum

The secondary phosphines Ar(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)PH [Ar = mes (3), Tripp (4)] may be isolated in good yields from reactions between Li(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2) and the respective dichlorophosphine, followed by reduction with LiAlH4 [mes = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2, Tripp = 2,4,6-Pri3C6H2]. Metalation of either 3 or 4 with BunLi gives the corresponding lithium compound; the lithium derivative of 3 was isolated as the separated ion pair complex [Li(12-crown-4)2][(mes)(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)P].THF (5). The lithium complexes Ar(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)PLi undergo metathesis reactions with either NaOBut or KOBut to give the heavier alkali metal phosphides {Ar(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)P}M.1/2OEt2 [Ar = mes, M = Na (8), K (9); Ar = Tripp, M = K (10)]. Metathesis reactions between 9 and LaI3(THF)4 give only intractable products; in contrast, a metathesis reaction between 10 and LaI3(THF)4 yields the heteroleptic complex {(Tripp)(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)P}2LaI (11). Compound 11 reacts cleanly with K{N(SiMe3)2} to give {(Tripp)(C6H4-2-CH2NMe2)P}2La{N(SiMe3)2} (14). Compounds 3-5, 8-11 and 14 have been characterised by multi-element NMR spectroscopy; in addition, compounds 5, 11 and 14 have been studied by X-ray crystallography.     

An ab initio/RRKM study of product branching ratios in the photodissociation of buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes and but-2-yne at 193 nm

Ab initio G2M(MP2)//B3LYP/6-311G** calculations have been performed to investigate the reaction mechanism of photodissociation of buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes and but-2-yne after their internal conversion into the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. The detailed study of the potential-energy surface was followed by microcanonical RRKM calculations of energy-dependent rate constants for individual reaction steps (at 193 nm photoexcitation and under collision-free conditions) and by solution of kinetic equations aimed at predicting the product branching ratios. For buta-1,2-diene, the major dissociation channels are found to be the single Cbond;C bond cleavage to form the methyl and propargyl radicals and loss of hydrogen atoms from various positions to produce the but-2-yn-1-yl (p1), buta-1,2-dien-4-yl (p2), and but-1-yn-3-yl (p3) isomers of C(4)H(5). The calculated branching ratio of the CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(4)H(5) + H products, 87.9:5.9, is in a good agreement with the recent experimental value of 96:4 (ref. 21) taking into account that a significant amount of the C(4)H(5) product undergoes secondary dissociation to C(4)H(4) + H. The isomerization of buta-1,2-diene to buta-1,3-diene or but-2-yne appears to be slower than its one-step decomposition and plays only a minor role. On the other hand, the buta-1,3-diene-->buta-1,2-diene, buta-1,3-diene-->but-2-yne, and buta-1,3-diene-->cyclobutene rearrangements are significant in the dissociation of buta-1,3-diene, which is shown to be a more complex process. The major reaction products are still CH(3) + C(3)H(3), formed after the isomerization of buta-1,3-diene to buta-1,2-diene, but the contribution of the other radical channels, C(4)H(5) + H and C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3), as well as two molecular channels, C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) and C(4)H(4) + H(2), significantly increases. The overall calculated C(4)H(5) + H/CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3)/C(4)H(4) + H(2)/C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) branching ratio is 24.0:49.6:4.6:6.1:15.2, which agrees with the experimental value of 20:50:8:2:2022 within 5 % margins. For but-2-yne, the one-step decomposition pathways, which include mostly H atom loss to produce p1 and, to a minor extent, molecular hydrogen elimination to yield methylethynylcarbene, play an approximately even role with that of the channels that involve the isomerization of but-2-yne to buta-1,2- or -1,3-dienes. p1 + H are the most important reaction products, with a branching ratio of 56.6 %, followed by CH(3) + C(3)H(3) (23.8 %). The overall C(4)H(5) + H/CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3)/C(4)H(4) + H(2)/C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) branching ratio is predicted as 62.0:23.8:2.5:5.7:5.6. Contrary to buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, photodissociation of but-2-yne is expected to produce more hydrogen atoms than methyl radicals. The isomerization mechanisms between various isomers of the C(4)H(6) molecule including buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, but-2-yne, 1-methylcyclopropene, dimethylvinylidene, and cyclobutene have been also characterized in detail.     

Unusual reactions of [{micro-(phthalazine-N2:N3)}Fe2(micro-CO)(CO)6] with organolithium reagents. A novel coordination mode of 1,2-diazane diiron carbonyl compounds

[{Micro-(phthalazine-N2:N3)}Fe2(micro-CO)(CO)6](1) reacts with organolithium reagents, RLi (R = CH3, C6H5, p-CH3C6H4, p-CH3OC6H4, p-CF3C6H4, p-C6H5C6H4), followed by treatment with Me3SiCl to give the novel diiron carbonyl complexes with a saturated N-N six-membered diazane ring ligand, [{C6H4CH(R)NNCH2}Fe2(C=O)(CO)6](2, R = CH3; 3, R = C6H5; 4, R =p-CH3C6H4; 5, R =p-CH3OC6H4; 6, R =p-CF3C6H4; 7, R =p-C6H5C6H4). Compounds 4 and 5 were treated with [(NH4)2Ce(NO3)6] to afford the aryl-substituted phthalazine-coordinated diiron carbonyl compounds [(micro-{1-(p-CH3C6H4)-phthalazine-N2:N3})Fe2(micro-CO)(CO)6](8) and [(micro-{1-(p-CH3OC6H4)-phthalazine-N2:N3})Fe2(micro-CO)(CO)6](9), respectively. The structures of complexes 4 and 9 have been established by X-ray diffraction studies.     

若干Sc络合物的空间群

通过模拟结构因子计算将「（Ｃ４Ｈ９）４Ｎ」「Ｓｃ（ＮＣＳ）６」．３．５Ｈ２Ｏ的空间群从正交晶系的ｐｃａｂ修正为立方晶系的ｐａ３．将Ｓｃ（Ｃ１７Ｈ１３Ｎ２Ｏ２）３和「（Ｈ２Ｏ）１０（ＯＨ）２Ｓｃ２」（Ｃ６Ｈ５ＳＯ３）４．４Ｈ２Ｏ从Ｐ１修正为Ｃ２／ｃ。还将「Ｓｃ（ＮＯ３）３（Ｈ２Ｏ）３」．１８－Ｃｒｏｗｎ－６的Ｐｎａ２１修正为Ｐｎｍａ。     

Association reactions at low pressure. III. The C2H2+/C2H2 system

The association reactions, C4H2(+) + C2H2 and C4H3(+) + C2H2 have been examined at pressures between 8 x 10(-8) and 1 x 10(-4) Torr at 298 K in an ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Association occurred via two different mechanisms. At pressures below approximately 2 x 10(-6) Torr, the association was bimolecular having rate coefficients k2 = 2.7 x 10(-10) cm3 s-1 and 2.0 x 10(-10) cm3 s-1 for C4H2+ and C4H3+, respectively. At pressures above approximately 2 x 10(-6) Torr, termolecular association was observed with rate coefficients, k3 = 5.7 x 10(-23) cm6 s-1 and 1.3 x 10(-23) cm6 s-1 for C4H2+ and C4H3+, respectively, when M = C2H2. The termolecular rate constants with N2, Ar, Ne, and He as the third body, M, are also reported. We propose that the low pressure bimolecular association process was the result of radiative stabilization of the complex and the termolecular association process was the result of collisional stabilization. Elementary rate coefficients were obtained and the lifetime of the collision complex was > or = 57 microseconds for (C6H4+)* and > or = 18 microseconds for (C6H5+)*. At pressures below 1 x 10(-6) Torr, approximately 11% of the (C6H4+)* were stabilized by photon emission and the remaining approximately 89% reverted back to reactants, while approximately 24% of the (C6H5+)* were stabilized by photon emission and the remaining approximately 76% reverted back to reactants. The ionic products of the C2H2(+) + C2H2 reaction, C4H2+ and C4H3+, were found to be formed with enough internal energy that they did not react by the radiative association channel until relaxed by several nonreactive collisions with the bath gas.     

The synthesis, structure and ethene polymerisation catalysis of mono(salicylaldiminato) titanium and zirconium complexes

The silyl ethers 3-But-2-(OSiMe3)C6H3CH=NR (2a-e) have been prepared by deprotonation of the known iminophenols (1a-e) and treatment with SiClMe3 (a, R = C6H5; b, R = 2,6-Pri2C6H3; c, R = 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; d, R = 2-C6H5C6H4; e, R = C6F5). 2a-c react with TiCl4 in hydrocarbon solvents to give the binuclear complexes [Ti{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=N(R)}Cl(mu-Cl3)TiCl3] (3a-c). The pentafluorophenyl species 2e reacts with TiCl4 to give the known complex Ti{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=N(R)}2Cl2. The mononuclear five-coordinate complex, Ti{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=N(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)}Cl3 (4c), was isolated after repeated recrystallisation of 3c. Performing the dehalosilylation reaction in the presence of tetrahydrofuran yields the octahedral, mononuclear complexes Ti{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=N(R)}Cl3(THF) (5a-e). The reaction with ZrCl4(THF)2 proceeds similarly to give complexes Zr{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=N(R)}Cl3(THF) (6b-e). The crystal structures of 3b, 4c, 5a, 5c, 5e, 6b, 6d, 6e and the salicylaldehyde titanium complex Ti{3-But-2-(O)C6H3CH=O}Cl3(THF) (7) have been determined. Activation of complexes 5a-e and 6b-e with MAO in an ethene saturated toluene solution gives polyethylene with at best high activity depending on the imine substituent.     

Preparation and properties of cyclopentadienyl- and pentamethylcyclopentadienyl-titanium(IV) complexes with the C8H4S8 ligand, electrical conductivities of their oxidized species, and X-ray crystal structure of Ti(C5Me5)2(C8H4S8)

Ti(C5H5)2(C8H4S8) (1), Ti(C5Me5)2(C8H4S8) (2), [NMe4][Ti(C5H5)(C8H4S8)2] (3), and [NMe4][Ti(C5Me5)(C8H4S8)2] (4) [C8H4S8(2-) = 2-(4,5-ethylenedithio)-1,3-dithiole-2-ylidene)-1,3-dithiole-4,5- dithiolate(2-)] were prepared by reaction of Ti(C5H5)2Cl2, Ti(C5Me5)2Cl2, Ti(C5H5)Cl3, or Ti(C5Me5)Cl3 with Li2C8H4S8 or [NMe4]2[C8H4S8] in THF. They were oxidized by iodine, the ferrocenium cation, or TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane) in CH2Cl2 or in acetone to afford one-electron-oxidized and over-one-electron-oxidized species, [Ti(C5H5)2(C8H4S8)].I3, [Ti(C5H5)2(C8H4S8)][PF6], [Ti(C5Me5)2(C8H4S8)].I3, [Ti(C5Me5)2(C8H4S8)][PF6], [Ti(C5H5)(C8H4S8)2].I0.9, [Ti(C5H5)(C8H4S8)2][TCNQ]0.3, [Ti(C5Me5)(C8H4S8)2].I2.4, and [Ti(C5Me5)(C8H4S8)2][TCNQ]0.3, with the C8H4S8 ligand-centered oxidation. They exhibited electrical conductivities of 1.6 x 10(-1) to 7.6 x 10(-4) S cm-1 measured for compacted pellets at room temperature. The crystal structure of 2 was clarified to consist of isolated dimerized units of the molecules through some sulfur-sulfur nonbonded contacts: monoclinic, P2(1)/c, a = 9.534(2) A, b = 18.227(2) A, c = 17.775(2) A, beta = 94.39(1) degrees, Z = 4.     

Zinc and Cobalt Aqua Complexes with Cucurbit[6]uril: Syntheses and Crystal Structures

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - Supramolecular complexes [Zn(H2O)4(C36H36N24O12)](NO3)2 · 6.5H2O (I), [Zn(H2O)4-(C36H36N24O12)](NO3)2 · 7H2O (II), and...     

Gas-phase reactions of organic radicals and diradicals with ions

Reactions of polyatomic organic radicals with gas phase ions have been studied at thermal energy using a flowing afterglow-selected ion flow tube (FA-SIFT) instrument. A supersonic pyrolysis nozzle produces allyl radical (CH2CHCH2) and ortho-benzyne diradical (o-C6H4) for reaction with ions. We have observed: [CH2CHCH2 + H3O+ --> C3H6+ + H2O], [CH2CHCH2 + HO- --> no ion products], [o-C6H4 + H3O+ --> C6H5+ + H2O], and [o-C6H4 + HO- --> C6H3- + H2O]. The proton transfer reactions with H3O+ occur at nearly every collision (kII approximately with 10(-9) cm3 s(-1)). The exothermic proton abstraction for o-C6H4 + HO- is unexpectedly slow (kII approximately with 10(-10) cm3 s(-1)). This has been rationalized by competing associative detachment: o-C6H4 + HO- --> C6H5O + e-. The allyl + HO- reaction proceeds presumably via similar detachment pathways.     

Half-sandwich o-N,N-dimethylaminobenzyl complexes over the full size range of group 3 and lanthanide metals. synthesis, structural characterization, and catalysis of phosphine P--H bond addition to carbodiimides

The acid-base reactions between the rare-earth metal (Ln) tris(ortho-N,N-dimethylaminobenzyl) complexes [Ln(CH2C(H4NMe2-o)3] with one equivalent of the silylene-linked cyclopentadiene-amine ligand (C5Me4H)SiMe2NH(C6H2Me3-2,4,6) afforded the corresponding half-sandwich aminobenzyl complexes [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}Ln(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)(thf)] (2-Ln) (Ln=Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Lu) in 60-87 % isolated yields. The one-pot reaction between ScCl(3) and [Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)]Li2 followed by reaction with LiCH2C6H4NMe2-o in THF gave the scandium analogue [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)] (2-Sc) in 67 % isolated yield. 2-Sc could not be prepared by the acid-base reaction between [Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)3] and (C5Me4H)SiMe2NH(C6H2Me3-2,4,6). These half-sandwich rare-earth metal aminobenzyl complexes can serve as efficient catalyst precursors for the catalytic addition of various phosphine P--H bonds to carbodiimides to form a series of phosphaguanidine derivatives with excellent tolerability to aromatic carbon-halogen bonds. A significant increase in the catalytic activity was observed, as a result of an increase in the metal size with a general trend of La>Pr, Nd>Sm>Gd>Lu>Sc. The reaction of 2-La with 1 equiv of Ph2PH yielded the corresponding phosphide complex [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}La(PPh2)(thf)2] (4), which, on recrystallization from benzene, gave the dimeric analogue [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}La(PPh2)]2 (5). Addition of 4 or 5 to iPrN=C=NiPr in THF yielded the phosphaguanidinate complex [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}La{iPrNC(PPh2)NiPr}(thf)] (6), which, on recrystallization from ether, afforded the ether-coordinated structurally characterizable analogue [{Me2Si(C5Me4)(NC6H2Me3-2,4,6)}La{iPrNC(PPh2)NiPr}(OEt2)] (7). The reaction of 6 or 7 with Ph2PH in THF yielded 4 and the phosphaguanidine iPrN=C(PPh2)NHiPr (3a). These results suggest that the catalytic formation of a phosphaguanidine compound proceeds through the nucleophilic addition of a phosphide species, which is formed by the acid-base reaction between a rare-earth metal o-dimethylaminobenzyl bond and a phosphine P--H bond, to a carbodiimide, followed by the protonolysis of the resultant phosphaguanidinate species by a phosphine P--H bond. Almost all of the rare earth complexes reported this paper were structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction studies.     

Metal-induced coordination inversion and carbon-nitrogen bond rearrangement. Structurally characterized phenyl isocyanate inserted into aluminum methyl compounds and O- and N-bound aluminum compounds

[C(4)H(3)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2]AlMe(2) (1) is prepared in 88% yield by the reaction of substituted pyrrole [C(4)H(4)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2] with 1 equiv of AlMe(3) in methylene chloride. Reaction of compound 1 with 1 equiv of phenyl isocyanate in toluene generates a seven-membered cycloaluminum compound [C(4)H(3)N[CH(2)NPh(CONMe(2))]-2] AlMe(2) (2). The phenyl isocyanate was inserted into the aluminum and dimethylamino nitrogen bond and induced an unusual rearrangement which results in C-N bond breaking and formation. A control experiment shows that the reaction of substituted pyrrole [C(4)H(4)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2] with 1 equiv of phenyl isocyanate in diethyl ether yields a pyrrolyl attached urea derivative [C(4)H(3)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2-[C(=O)NHPh]-1] (3). The demethanation reaction of AlMe(3) with 1 equiv of 3 in methylene chloride at 0 degrees C afforded O-bounded and N-bounded aluminum dimethyl compounds [C(4)H(3)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2-[C(=O)NPh]-1]AlMe(2) (4a) and [C(4)H(3)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2-[CO(=NPh)]-1]AlMe(2) (4b) in a total 78% yield after recrystallization. Both 4a and 4b are observed in (1)H NMR spectra; however, the relative ratio of 4a and 4b depends on the solvent used. Two equivalents of AlMe(3) was reacted with 3 in methylene chloride to yield a dinuclear aluminum compound AlMe(3)[C(4)H(3)N(CH(2)NMe(2))-2-[C(=O)NPh]-1] AlMe(2) (5). Reaction of 5 with another equivalent of ligand 3 results in the re-formation of compounds 4a and 4b.     

Formation of single-bonded (C60-)2 and (C70-)2 dimers in crystalline ionic complexes of fullerenes

New ionic complexes of fullerenes C(60) and C(70) with decamethylchromocene Cp*(2)Cr.C60.(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))(2) (1), Cp*(2)Cr.C60.(C(6)H(6))(2) (2); the multicomponent complex of (Cs(+))(C70-) with cyclotriveratrylene CTV.(Cs)(2).(C70)(2).(DMF)(7).(C(6)H(6))(0.75) (3); bis(benzene)chromium Cr(C(6)H(6))(2).C60.(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))(0.7) (4), Cr(C(6)H(6))(2).C60.C(6)H(5)CN (5), Cr(C(6)H(6))(2).C70.C(6)H(4)Cl(2) (6), Cr(C(6)H(6))(2).C60 (7); cobaltocene Cp(2)Co.C60.C(6)H(4)Cl(2) (8), Cp(2)Co.C70.(C(6)H(4)Cl(2))(0.5) (9); and cesium Cs.C70.(DMF)(5) (10) have been obtained. The complexes have been characterized by the elemental analysis, IR-, UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, EPR and SQUID measurements. It is shown that C(60)(.-) exists as a single-bonded diamagnetic (C60-)2 dimer in 1, 2, 4, 5, and 8 at low temperatures (1.9-250 K). The dimers dissociate above 160-250 K depending on donor and solvent molecules involved in the complex. C60(.-) dimerizes reversibly and shows a small hysteresis (<2 K) at slow cooling and heating rates. The single-bonded diamagnetic (C70-)2 dimers are also formed in 6, 9, and 10 and begin to dissociate only above 250-360 K. The IR and UV-vis-NIR spectra of sigma-bonded negatively charged fullerenes are presented.     

Electromigration of carrier-free radionuclide ions Bismuth complexes in aqueous solutions of oxalic, fumaric and succinic acids

The overall ion mobilities u of carrier-free radiobismuth have been measured in aqueous solutions of some dicarboxylic acids (H(2)L)-xalic, fumaric and succinic-by means of a new version of the electromigration method in electrolytes consisting of HClO(4)/H(2)L, 0.20m H(+), mu = 0.20m; Na(H)ClO(4)/H(2)L, 0.05m H(+), mu = 0.20m; Na(H)ClO(4)/H(2)L, 0.05m H(+), mu = 0.25m; at 298.15 K. Mathematical processing of the experimental functions u = f([L(2-)]) allowed calculation of the mean individual stability constants K(n) and ion mobilities u degrees of the complex ions [BiL(n)](3-2n), n = 1, 2: [Bi(C(2)O(4))](+), log K(1) = 7.65 (8), u degrees = +2.26 (5) x 10(-4) cm(2). sec(-1).V(-1); [Bi(C(2)O(4))(2)](-), log K(2) = 4.81 (2), u degrees = -1.63 (64) x 10(-4) cm(2).sec(-1).V(-1); [Bi(C(4)O(4)H(2))](+), log K(1) = 6.90 (20); [Bi(C(4)O(4)H(4))](+), log K(1) = 8.76 (48).     

Al and Zn complexes bearing N,N,N-tridentate quinolinyl anilido-imine ligands: synthesis, characterization and catalysis in l-lactide polymerization

Reactions of N,N,N-tridentate quinolinyl anilido-imine ligands with AlMe(3) afford mononuclear aluminum complexes {κ(3)-[{2-[ArN[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)]C(6)H(4)}N(8-C(9)H(6)N)]}AlMe(2) (Ar = 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) (1a), 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3) (1b), 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3) (1c)) or dinuclear complexes AlMe(3){κ(1)-[{2-[ArN[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)C(6)H(4)]N(8-C(9)H(6)N)}-κ(2)]AlMe(2) (R = 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) (2a), 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3) (2b), 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3) (2c)) depending on the ratios of reactants used. Similar reactions of ZnEt(2) with these ligands give the monoligated ethyl zinc complexes {κ(3)-[{2-[ArN[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)]C(6)H(4)}N(8-C(9)H(6)N)]}ZnEt (Ar = 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) (3a), 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3) (3b), 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3) (3c)) or bisligated complexes {κ(3)-[{2-[ArN[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)]C(6)H(4)}N(8-C(9)H(6)N)]}Zn{κ(2)-[{2-[ArN[double bond, length as m-dash]C(H)]C(6)H(4)}N(8-C(9)H(6)N)]} (Ar = 2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) (4a), 2,6-Et(2)C(6)H(3) (4b), 2,6-(i)Pr(2)C(6)H(3) (4c)). These complexes were well characterized by NMR and the structures of 1a, 2a, 2c, 3b and 4c were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The aluminum and zinc complexes were tested to initiate lactide polymerization in which the zinc complexes show moderate to high activities in the presence of benzyl alcohol.     

Influence of H2S and thiols on the binding of alkenes and alkynes to ReS4-: the spectator sulfido effect

The three-component reaction of ReS4- (1), H2S, and unsaturated substrates (un = alkene, alkyne) affords the ReV derivatives Re(S)(S2un)(SH)2-. These adducts arise via the addition of H2S to intermediate dithiolates ReS2(S2C2R4)- and dithiolenes ReS2(S2C2R2)-. The species [ReS[S2C2(tms)2](SH)2]-, [ReS(S2C7H10)(SH)2]- (3), and [ReS(S2C2H4)(SH)2]- are prepared according to this route. Similarly, the selenolate-thiolate complex [ReS(S2C7H10)(SeH)(SH)]- (5) is produced by the reaction of [ReS2(S2C7H10)]- with H2Se. The corresponding reactions using benzenethiol in place of H2S afford the more thermally robust adducts [ReS[S2C2(tms)2](SH)(SPh)]-, [ReS(S2C7H10)(SH)(SPh)]- (7), and [ReS(S2C2H4)(SH)(SPh)]-. Norbornanedithiolato compounds 3, 5, and 7 are obtained as pairs of isomers that differ in terms of the relative orientation of the norbornane bridgehead relative to the Re=S unit. The reaction of [ReS(S2C7H10)(SD)2]- (3-d2) with H2S to give 3 is proposed to proceed via elimination of D2S and subsequent addition of H2S. Variable-temperature 1H NMR measurements on the equilibrium of [ReS(S2C6H12)(SPh)(SH)]- with 1,1-hexene, and PhSH gave the following results: deltaH = -7 (+/- 1) kJ x mol(-1); deltaS = 23 (+/- 4) J x mol(-1) x K(-1). Solutions of ethanedithiol and 1 react with C2(tms)2 and C2H4 to give [ReS[S2C2(tms)2](S2C2H4)]- and [ReS(S2C2H4)2]-, respectively, concomitant with loss of H2S. The pathway for the ethanedithiol reaction is examined using 2-mercaptoethanol, affording [ReS[S2C2(tms)2](SC2H4OH)]-, which does not cyclize. Treatment of a solution of diphenylbutadiyne and 1 with PhSH gives two isomers of the dithiolene [ReS(SH)(SPh)[S2C2Ph(C2Ph)]]-. The corresponding reaction of ethanedithiol, diphenylbutadiyne, and 1 affords the 1,4-diphenylbutadiene-1,2,3,4-tetrathiolate complex [[ReS(S2C2H4)]2(S4C4Ph2)]2-.