Platanionosides D-J: megastigmane glycosides from the leaves of Alangium platanifolium (Sieb. et Zucc.) Harms var. platanifolium Sieb. et Zucc

From the leaves of Alangium paltanifolium var. platanifolium, collected in Fukuoka Prefecture, twelve further megastigmane glycosides were isolated. Seven of them, named platanionosides D-J (1-7), were found to be new compounds. Their structures were elucidated from spectroscopic evidence and their absolute structures were determined from beta-D-glucosylation-induced shift trends of 13C-NMR and by application of a modified Mosher's method.     

Flavonoids from Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel (Myrtaceae) with antifungal activity

Plinia cauliflora is a plant species with edible fruits but its chemical composition is not totally known yet although former studies showed its potential as antifungal agent. This work aimed the chemical analysis of the leaves, the activity against fungi species and evaluated cytotoxicity. Extract was obtained with 70% ethanol. An ethyl acetate fraction was obtained and glycosylated quercetin and myricetin were isolated. Samples were tested against Candida species, dermatophytes and entomopathogenic fungi. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against fibroblast cells. Extract showed good activity against C. albicans (minimum inhibitory concentration at 156 μg/mL), C. parapsilosis (78 μg/mL), C. krusei (19 μg/mL), Trichophyton rubrum (78 μg/mL) and Microsporum canis (156 μg/mL). Isolated compounds were more active against C. krusei and T. rubrum. The extract, which was the more active sample, demonstrated low cytotoxic effect and encourage more studies against rising non-albicans species and dermatophyte T. rubrum.     

New Components Including Cyclopeptides from Barks of Christiana africana DC. (Tiliaceae)

Phytochemical investigation of barks of Christiana africana led to the identification of cyclopeptide alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarinolignans, iridoids, sesquiterpenoids, and triterpenes. This plant was classified so far in the Tiliaceae family. This study was started while the genomic study of numerous specimens was described in order to establish new criteria for Malvales botanical classification. In the present work, twenty components were identified, belonging to the three major classes of secondary metabolites: alkaloids, phenols, and terpenes. In the first class, cyclopeptides are well‐known compounds in Rhamnaceae and Sterculiaceae. Their presence in Malvaceae (in APG2 sensus) suggests a possible chemical link between the ex‐Tiliaceae and the Malvaceae.     

中药虎杖微量元素含量的测定

用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP)测定了虎杖中微量元素的含量。结果表明,其Ca、Mg、Zn等元素的含量都比较丰富,分析结果的相对标准偏差为1.35%~7.35%,回收率为95.6%~103%,结果令人满意。     

芫花中芫花素的提取工艺与杀虫试验

芫花 (ＤａｐｈｎｅｇｅｎｋｗａＳｉｅｂ.ｅｔＺｕｃｃ.)属于瑞香科植物[1] ,芫花的浸取液对棉蛉虫、稻螟虫、菜青虫、班蝥等害虫具有较好的杀虫效果 ,且对人畜无害 ,是一种理想的无公害农药[2 ] 。为了提高药效 ,更好地开发这种无公害农药 ,本文对芫花中杀虫有效成分的提取工艺与杀虫效果进行了初步研究。1　实验部分1 1　试剂和仪器苯 ,氯仿和 95 %的乙醇均为分析纯 ;岛津ＵＶ -2 40型紫外可见分光光度仪 ;ＦＴ -80ＡＮＭＲ仪。1 2　实验方法芫花枝条干粉 1 5 0 0ｇ,加水 1 0 .0 0Ｌ煮沸 1 2小时 ,煮沸过程中陆续补加少量水分。将煮沸…     

Insecticidal compounds against Drosophila melanogaster from Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc

Dimethyl malate (1) and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (2) were isolated as insecticidal compounds by bioassay-guided fractionation from MeOH extract of the fruits of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Insecticidal activity against larvae of D. melanogaster was demonstrated: 1 and 2 gave the LC50 value of 6.15 and 11.8 micromol/mL of diet concentration, respectively. Acute toxicity against adults of D. melanogaster, 1 and 2 had the insecticidal activity, with the LD50 value of 21.5 and 34.0 microg/adult.     

Three New Lignan Derivatives from Lindera glauca (Siebold et Zucc.) Blume

Two new aryl‐tetralin lignan glycosides, linderanosides A and B ( 1 and 2 , resp.), and a new dihydrobenzofuran neolignan glycoside, linderanoside C ( 3 ), together with five known lignan derivatives ( 4 – 8 ) were isolated from the trunk of Lindera glauca. The structures of these new compounds were determined through spectroscopic analyses, including extensive 2D‐NMR data and acid hydrolysis. The absolute configurations of the compounds were clarified by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic studies. Compounds 1 – 8 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against A549 (non‐small cell lung adenocarcinoma), SK‐OV‐3 (ovarian cancer cells), A498 (human kidney epithelial cells), and HCT‐15 (colon cancer cells) human tumor cell lines using sulforhodamine B assays in vitro.     

Antisweet natural products. XV. Structures of Jegosaponins A-D from Styrax japonica Sieb. et Zucc

From the fresh fruits of Strrax japonica Sieb. et Zucc., four new triterpenoid glycosides, named jegosaponins A-D (1-4), were isolated. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical evidence. Compounds 1-4 are 3-O-tetraglycosides of barringtogenol C having an acetyl and a tigloyl or a (2Z)-hexenoyl groups at C-21, 22 and 28. The acylated saponins, 1-4, all showed antisweet activity.     

Separation of gallic acid from Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc by high-speed counter-current chromatography

Gallic acid was separated from a n-butanol extract of the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc by high-speed countercurrent chromatography in two steps using two solvent systems composed of ethyl-acetate-ethanol n-butanol-water (5:1.8:6, v/v/v) and ethyl acetate-ethanol-water (5:0.5:6, v/v/v) successively. From 1 g of n-butanol extract the method produced 60 mg of gallic acid at a purity of 97%.     

Antiproliferative activity of chelating N,O- and N,N-ruthenium(II) arene functionalised poly(propyleneimine) dendrimer scaffolds

Chelating neutral (N,O) and cationic (N,N) first- and second-generation ruthenium(II) arene metallodendrimers based on poly(propyleneimine) dendrimer scaffolds were obtained from dinuclear arene ruthenium precursors by reactions with salicylaldimine and iminopyridyl dendritic ligands, respectively. The N,N cationic complexes were isolated as hexafluorophosphate salts and were characterised by NMR and IR spectroscopy, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Related mononuclear complexes were obtained in a similar manner and their molecular structures have been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The cytotoxicities of the mono- and multinuclear complexes were established using A2780 and A2780cisR human ovarian carcinoma cancer cell lines.     

Polyphenolic Constituents of Fruit Pulp of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Açai palm)

The polyphenolic composition of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (Açai palm) fruit was investigated by HPLC-DAD-UV-Vis and HPLC-MS. Açai palm is widely diffused and cultivated in Amazon regions and especially in the Pará state (Brazil), because the pulp of the fruit is largely consumed as food. This study confirms the presence of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside as major anthocyanic compounds. Moreover, four main compounds were also identified for the first time, i.e. homoorientin, orientin, taxifolin deoxyhexose, and isovitexin. Traces of a methyl-derivative of homoorientin were also detected. The amount of total anthocyanins was 0.5 mg g^?1 of the dried pulp weight and the amount of the other flavonoids was 3.5 mg g^?1 of the dried pulp weight. No other reports on the presence of non-anthocyanic flavonoids in Euterpe oleracea Mart. have been found so far.     

An iridoid gentiobioside, a benzophenone glucoside and acylated flavone C-glycosides from Tripterospermum japonicum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim.

From aerial parts of Tripterospermum japonicum, 6'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylmorroniside, benzophenone glucoside, named triptephenoside and 2'- and 4'-O-acetyl-2'-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosylisovitexins were isolated, along with known iridoid and secoiridoid glucosides, and C-glycosyl flavones.     

Structure Investigation of a New Alkaloid from Zanthoxylum Schinifolium Sieb et Zucc

There are more than 250 kinds of Zanthoxylum plants in the world, of which about 40 species grow in China. In last 30 years, nearly 80 kinds of the plants have been studicd intensively and the results show that they are of different chemical compositions and various physiological actions, such as having anthelmintic action, bacteriostasis,     

Antifungal activity of Annona coriacea Mart. ethanol extracts against the aetiological agents of cryptococcosis

Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic disease with a worldwide distribution. This disease is caused by fungi of the genus Cryptococcus, and its treatment is limited to several antifungals. In this study, the antifungal, cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of ethanol extracts from the bark and leaves of Annona coriacea were evaluated against the standard Cryptococcus species and clinical yeast specimens. Both extracts of A. coriacea showed inhibitory activity of 1.5 mg/mL for all of the yeasts tested. The number of viable cells at the lowest tested concentration was 0.187 mg/mL. The extracts that were tested showed inhibitory activity and reduced the fungal growth of the Cryptococcus gattii species and Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes, suggesting that this plant may be an effective alternative treatment for cryptococcosis.     

Phytochemical prospection,evaluation of antibacterial activity and toxicity of extracts of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz

Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz is a arboreal species found in the Caatinga from Northeast of Brazil that has been used in popular medicine as an anti-inflammatory, healing, analgesic and for the treatment of respiratory system disorders. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the composition of ethanol extracts from the leaves and inner bark of Libidibia ferrea, as well as to verify its antibacterial activity and as a potential inhibitor of the TetK efflux pump in Staphylococcus aureus strains, in addition to investigating the toxicity of the extracts in a Drosophila melanogaster model. The analysis and quantification of the extracts markers was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). To determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) broth microdilution tests were carried out. The evaluation of efflux pump inhibition was performed by modifying the MIC of antibiotics and ethidium bromide. Mortality and negative geotaxis tests were used to verify the toxicity of extracts on D. melanogaster. Hydrolysable tannins (gallic acid and ellagic acid) and flavonoids were found in HPLC analysis. The extracts did not show antibacterial activity, demonstrating a MIC ≥ 1024 µg/mL, however the ethanolic extract of the leaves decreased the MIC of the antibiotic from 64 µg/mL to 16 µg/mL, but this effect is not associated with the inhibition of the efflux pump. The extracts did not show toxicity in a D. melanogaster model. This is the first study to evaluate the antibacterial activity of L. ferrea extracts on the IS-58 strain of S. aureus, as well as the first to investigate its toxicity using D. melanogaster. From the results, further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms of action of the extract with other antibiotics.