特殊结构新型液相色谱填料的研究进展

本文对最近报道的几种特殊结构液相色谱填料的制备及应用进行评述,包括新型载碳的核壳结构硅胶色谱填料的制备与应用;新型硅胶基质耐酸超桥联固定相的制备及应用和β-环糊精杂化硅胶整体柱的制备及其在手型分离的应用。     

化学工业出版社化学专业图书推荐

正《液相色谱分离材料——制备与应用》欧俊杰、邹汉法等编著本书以固定相分类,系统介绍了各种液相色谱分离材料和整体柱的制备及应用技术,内容包括:球形硅胶微球固定相、有机聚合物     

一种手性核壳型色谱固定相及其制备方法

<正>申请公布号:CN104138751A申请公布日:2014.11.12申请人:中国药科大学摘要:本发明公开了一种手性核壳液相色谱填料,内层为无孔硅胶,外层包覆含有手性环己二胺基团的杂化介孔硅胶壳层。同时,本发明还公开了上述手性核壳液相色谱填料的制     

新型高效疏水相互作用色谱填料的合成及性能的研究

]本文介绍了在硅胶基质上键合聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四氢呋喃和改性聚乙二醇等多类疏水色谱填料的合成及其分离蛋白质的色谱特性。其中改性聚乙二醇、聚1,2-丙二醇、聚四氢呋喃型配基的疏水填料为首次合成。文中探讨了硅胶孔径、聚乙二醇链长、改性聚乙二醇配基的端基和不同的聚醚链对蛋白质的保留值、活性回收率、分离度、填料稳定性和键合密度的影响,发现了在聚醚链单元上引入支链改变生物大分子与填料疏水区的接触面积可以改变蛋白质的保留时间和选择性。此外,还介绍了在硅胶上包裹有机胺类化合物再与环氧交联的疏水色谱填料的制备。     

高效硅胶化学键合固定相的研究进展

对高效液相色谱用硅胶作为基质的化学键合固定相的研究进展进行了全面的评述。介绍了硅胶基质填料的物理化学性质及前处理过程,详细阐述了化学键合固定相的键合反应机制和种类,概括了化学键合固定相在高效液相色谱中的应用,并对我国的硅胶基质填料研究和应用前景进行了展望。     

1.2μm新型放射型核壳色谱填料在加压毛细管电色谱中的性能评价

研究制备了1.2μm放射型核壳色谱填料,并对其表面进行了键合C18的改性,通过匀浆填充法制备了总长度为350 mm(固定相有效填充长度为70 mm)、内径为100μm的毛细管色谱柱,应用加压毛细管电色谱(pCEC)法考察了硫脲和萘在该色谱柱上的分离性能,同时讨论了流动相中有机相的比例、缓冲液的浓度、pH值、线性流速及施加电压对分离度的影响。实验结果表明,该新型核壳色谱填料在乙腈水体系中分离硫脲和萘时,表现出典型的反相色谱性能,当含有10 mmol/L磷酸的70%(v/v)乙腈水溶液为流动相、缓冲液pH为7.2、施加电压为-10kV时,柱效最高;在最佳线性流速为1 mm/s时,能够在8 min内实现8种中性物质的基线分离,且峰形较好,其中二苯甲酮的柱效高达19 072块/m。该研究表明1.2μm新型放射型核壳色谱填料适用于pCEC法的分离分析。     

Phenomenex推出生物治疗药物界定方法bioZen~(TM)系列色谱柱

正(2018年4月)加利福尼亚托兰斯—作为分离科学领域拥有先进研发技术和生产能力的全球知名企业——美国Phenomenex公司,推出了可以应用在药物领域、生物制药领域以及学术研究领域为生物分离提供液相色谱解决方案的新产品bio Zen系列色谱柱。该系列兼具久经考验以及全新研发的填料,拥有两种颗粒平台——核-壳技术和热改性全多孔,并配有全新钛金属生物兼容硬件。bioZen产品线有七种固定相,用于UHPLC和HPLC生物治疗药物界定方法检测,     

Lewis碱改性氧化锆基质色谱固定相的研究进展

综述了Lewis碱改性氧化锆(或其复合氧化物)基质高效液相色谱填料的研究进展,涉及的改性剂包括氟离子、磷酸盐、有机膦酸、羧酸、酚类化合物、蛋白质和环糊精衍生物等。简要介绍了Lewis碱改性氧化锆固定相在毛细管电色谱中的应用。 引用文献51篇。     

核壳型二氧化硅色谱填料的研究进展

复杂样品的高效快速分离分析是分离科学家所面临的挑战。近年来,核壳型二氧化硅色谱填料以其高效、快速和低背压的特点被广泛用于小分子、大分子和复杂样品的快速分离分析。该文系统综述了二氧化硅核壳色谱固定相快速分离的机理,制备方法及其在小分子、多肽和生物大分子快速分离分析方面的应用,同时对核壳型色谱固定相的发展进行了展望。     

全多孔球形硅胶基质高效液相色谱填料研究进展

结合本实验室的研究工作,评述了以全多孔球形硅胶为基质的正相反相色谱填料、手性色谱填料、离子色谱填料以及核一壳型色谱填料的研究进展．     

Performance in (Ultra-)high-performance liquid chromatography—How to qualify and optimize instruments in practice

This paper investigates the suitability of an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-performance liquid chromatography hybrid system for ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography applications. Thus, the effect of extra column band broadening, the gradient system, and the injection system were tested and optimized according to their capabilities. An increase of the theoretical plate number up to a factor of two is achieved by the optimization of the extra column volume into the typical ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography range (<10 μl). Moreover, for qualitative purposes injections of volumes typical for ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography methods are precise. Despite this, a lack of precision and accuracy was determined for the gradient system, and the dwell volume meets the typical specification range for conventional HPLC systems. Therefore, hybrid systems are the intercept between both spectra and are limitedly suitable for ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography applications. Another way to approximate ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography performance using a high-performance liquid chromatography system is superficially porous particles. Thus, H/u curves of 5 μm superficially porous and 3 μm fully porous particles were recorded in order to determine the effect of the particle technology resulting in comparable performance of the used stationary phases.     

Evaluation of silica from different vendors as the solid support of anion‐exchange chiral stationary phases by means of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography

Chromatographic performance of a chiral stationary phase is significantly influenced by the employed solid support. Properties of the most commonly used support, silica particles, such as size and size distribution, and pore size are of utmost importance for both superficially porous particles and fully porous particles. In this work, we have focused on evaluation of fully porous particles from three different vendors as solid supports for a brush‐type chiral stationary phase based on 9‐O‐tert‐butylcarbamoyl quinidine. We have prepared corresponding stationary phases under identical experimental conditions and determined the parameters of the modified silica by physisorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Enantiorecognition properties of the chiral stationary phases have been studied using preferential sorption experiments. The same material was slurry‐packed into chromatographic columns and the chromatographic properties have been evaluated in liquid chromatography. We show that preferential sorption can provide valuable information about the influence of the pore size and total pore volume on the interaction of analytes of different size with the chirally‐modified silica surface. The data can be used to understand differences observed in chromatographic evaluation of the chiral stationary phases. The combination of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography separation can provide detailed information on new chiral stationary phases.     

Critical comparison of performances of superficially porous particles and sub-2 μm particles under optimized ultra-high pressure conditions

The performance of 2.7 μm superficially porous particles at 600 bar and sub-2 μm fully porous particles at 1000 bar were compared by the Poppe plot method. Theoretical Poppe plots were first constructed for each stationary phase to compare their kinetic performance at different analysis times. The theory was then verified by experiments under the optimized conditions identified from the Poppe plot calculation. We found that the 2.7 μm superficially porous particles at 600 bar can provide similar performance compared to the sub-2 μm fully porous particles at ultra-high pressure (1000 bar) when analysis times are very short (e.g. sub-minute). As analysis time increases, the superficially porous particles start to outperform the sub-2 μm particles and can give much higher efficiencies (e.g. > 2 times higher plate count) at very long analysis times (>3 h). The comparison was extended to gradient elution of a mixture of pharmaceutical interest by constructing gradient peak capacity Poppe plots and similar behavior was observed.     

Immobilized polysiloxanes as stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography and solid phase extraction

Polysiloxanes immobilized onto the surfaces of porous silica particles have proven to be good stationary phases for the separation of multiresidues of pesticides and their metabolic/degradation products by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Similar materials have proven effective for pre-concentration and clean-up procedures using solid phase extraction. The present paper describes the preparation and some applications of several of these packing materials.     

Characteristics of superficially-porous silica particles for fast HPLC: some performance comparisons with sub-2-microm particles

Columns of 2.7-microm fused-core (superficially porous) Type B silica particles allow very fast separations of small molecules at pressures available in most high-performance liquid chromatography instruments. These highly-purified particles with 1.7-microm solid silica cores and 0.5-microm-thick shells of 9 nm pores exhibit efficiencies that rival those of totally porous sub-2-microm particles but at one-half to one-third of the column back pressure. This presentation describes other operating features of fused-core particle columns, including sample loading characteristics and packed bed stability. The superior mass transfer (kinetic) properties of the fused-core particles result in much-improved separation efficiency at higher mobile phase velocities, especially for > 600 molecular weight solutes.     

Atypical silica-based column packings for high-performance liquid chromatography

Column packings widely used for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) mostly are based on porous silica microspheres with certain pore sizes and pore size distributions. Such materials have the most desirable compromise of properties that provide for effective and reproducible separations over a wide range of operating conditions. To provide desired separation characteristics, several manufacturers specially synthesize the silica particles for these packings. While such column packing materials have general utility for a wide range of needs, special silica-based particles have been synthesized with different physical conformations for special separation goals. This presentation describes some atypical types of silica-based particles with unique separation properties that enlarge the capabilities of HPLC methods.     

Longevity and other practical benefits of monolithic silica columns in the analysis of samples with complex matrices

At the turn of the millennium, the monolithic columns invoked new chances in HPLC. Even more than their organic polymer-based siblings, the inorganic silica-based monoliths targeted the territory of classical fully porous particle-packed columns, promising many benefits. Based on the number of published articles, the monoliths attracted academics just in the first few years after their introduction to the market. Lately, as superficially porous particles and sub-2-micron fully porous particles dominated the market, they stayed in the focus of routine laboratories and those who really appreciated the high porosity of the monolithic bed. The monoliths' practical benefits cannot be easily traced in the literature when they gradually lose academics' interest. Nevertheless, after more than 20 years of our experience, we still favor silica monoliths for their low back pressure and longevity when analyzing samples of clinical, pharmaceutical, and environmental origin. At the same time, the high permeability of monoliths enabled the birth of sequential injection chromatography, the medium-pressure separation technique based on the flexible flow manifold. This minireview aims to check, discuss, and summarize the practical aspects of monolithic silica columns in HPLC and medium-pressure sequential injection chromatography (SIC) that may not be visible at first sight but are evident retrospectively.     

Applications of monolithic columns in gas chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography

Porous monoliths are well‐known stationary phases in high‐performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrochromatography. Contrastingly, their use in other types of separation methods such as gas or supercritical fluid chromatography is limited and scarce. In particular, very few studies address the use of monolithic columns in supercritical fluid chromatography. These are limited to silica‐based monoliths and will be covered in this review together with an underlying reason for this trend. The application of monoliths in gas chromatography has received much more attention and is well documented in two reviews by Svec and Kurganov published in 2008 and 2013, respectively. The most recent studies, covered in this review, build on the previous findings and on further understanding of the influence of preparation conditions on porous properties and chromatographic performance of poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene), polymethacrylate, and silica‐based monolithic columns while expanding to polymer‐based monoliths with incorporated metal organic frameworks and to vinylized hybrid silica monoliths. In addition, the potential application of porous layer open tubular monolithic columns in low‐pressure gas chromatography will be addressed.