A quantum-chemical study on ion complexation in polymer electrolytes containing lithium aluminate salts

A quantum-chemical study on single-ion conducting electrolytes based on lithium aluminate salts is presented. Geometry optimizations for salts and corresponding anions have been performed. Stabilization energies for Li⁺ complexed at aluminate anions have been calculated. Information about Li⁺ coordination changes has been obtained from Born–Oppenheimer Molecular Dynamics simulations. Complexation energies for lithium cation have been shown to correlate with experimental conductivity values [T. Fujinami, Y. Buzoujima, J. Power Sources 119–121 (2003) 438].     

Preparation of ceramic coating on Ti substrate by Plasma electrolytic oxidation in different electrolytes and evaluation of its corrosion resistance

Ceramic oxide coatings (titania) were produced on Ti by micro-arc oxidation in different aluminate and carbonate based electrolytes. This process was conducted under constant pulsed DC voltage condition. The effect of KOH and NaF in aluminate based solution was also studied. The surface morphology, growth and phase composition of coatings were investigated using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion behavior of the coatings was also examined by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the sparking initiation voltage (spark voltage) had a significant effect on the form and properties of coatings. Coatings obtained from potassium aluminate based solution had a lower spark voltage, higher surface homogeneity and a better corrosion resistance than the carbonate based solution. Addition of NaF instead of KOH had improper effects on the homogeneity and adhesion of coatings which in turn caused a poor corrosion protection behavior of the oxide layer. AC impedance curves showed two time constants which is an indication of the coatings with an outer porous layer and an inner compact layer.     

Characterization of a Green-Emitting Copper-Doped Barium Aluminate Phosphor

A novel green-emitting phosphor copper-doped barium aluminate was synthesized by the conventional ceramic method. The crystallographic phase and microstructure identification were performed by powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample confirms the formation of the phosphor, and the scanning electron microscope image was recorded to observe the surface morphology. Differential thermal analysis results show that the initiatory decomposition temperature of barium carbonate starts at about 728°C. Cathodoluminescence studies have been undertaken to ensure the successful incorporation of copper ions in the barium aluminate host lattice. Under the excitation of the electron beam, the phosphor can efficiently display a broad green emission centered at 490 nm, corresponding to the transition from the conduction band edge to the excited state of copper in the barium aluminate host. However, there are no data available on copper luminescence in barium aluminate. New results on 3d activators of copper emission in the barium aluminate host are reported in this article, thus extending the list of copper-activated phosphors. These results strongly indicate that the copper-activated barium aluminate is a potential material used as a new high-brightness green phosphor for ultraviolet light-emitting diode and display devices.     

溶液法铝诱导晶化制备多晶硅薄膜

采用铝（Al）盐溶液作为诱导源进行了非晶硅晶化成多晶硅的研究.光学显微镜观测与Raman光谱分析表明,合适配比的铝盐溶液能够将非晶硅予以诱导晶化.采用剥层XPS测试分析,探究了Al盐溶液与硅表面可能的化学反应以及随之发生的硅-铝层交换的过程.最后对溶液法诱导晶化的机理进行了讨论. 关键词： 铝诱导晶化 多晶硅薄膜 溶液法     

Luminescence of BaAl2O4:Mn,Ce phosphor

Powder samples of barium aluminate doped with Mn²⁺ and Ce³⁺ were prepared by solid-state reaction method and their photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties were studied. Substitution of Ca/Sr in place of Ba resulted in enhanced emission from Ce³⁺ ions without changing the spectral profile. Cerium efficiently sensitized the manganese luminescence in barium aluminate. Photoluminescence and thermo luminescence observations have indicated the presence of V_k³⁺ defects in undoped barium aluminate. However, Barium aluminate (either undoped or doped with manganese) did not exhibit long afterglow.     

Comparative study of pulsed laser deposited HfO2 and Hf–aluminate films for high-k gate dielectric applications

The thermal stability and the electrical properties of HfO₂ and Hf–aluminate films prepared by the pulsed laser deposition technique have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, capacitance–voltage correlation, leakage-current measurements and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy observation, respectively. A crystallization transformation from HfO₂ amorphous phase to polycrystalline monoclinic structure occurs at about 500 °C. In contrast, the amorphous structure of Hf–aluminate films remains stable at higher temperatures up to 900 °C. Rapid thermal annealing at 1000 °C for 3 min leads to a phase separation in Hf–aluminate films. Tetragonal HfO₂(111) is predominant, and Al₂O₃ separates from Hf–aluminate and is still in the amorphous state. The dielectric constant of amorphous HfO₂ and Hf–aluminate films was determined to be about 26 and 16.6, respectively, by measuring a Pt/dielectric film/Pt capacitor structure. A very small equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) value of 0.74 nm for a 3-nm physical thickness Hf–aluminate film on a n-Si substrate with a leakage current of 0.17 A/cm² at 1-V gate voltage was obtained. The interface at Hf–aluminate/Si is atomically sharp, while a thick interface layer exists between the HfO₂ film and the Si substrate, which makes it difficult to obtain an EOT of less than 1 nm. PACS 77.55.+f; 81.15.Fg; 73.40.Qv     

In situ measurement of crystallization of oxide thin films during irradiation with pulsed UV laser in chemical solution deposition process

The epitaxial and polycrystalline growth of lanthanum strontium manganite films on single crystalline strontium titanate and lanthanum aluminate substrates, respectively, under the irradiation with XeCl lasers in the excimer laser-assisted metal organic deposition (ELAMOD) process have been previously reported. In order to investigate the growth phenomena, we monitored the thermal radiation from the sample surfaces irradiated with a pulsed ultraviolet laser in situ with near-infrared sensors. The cooling of the lanthanum strontium manganite films on strontium titanate substrates was significantly slower than that of films on lanthanum aluminate substrates. A similar behavior was also observed by the numerical simulation study. This difference in the cooling decay curves may play an important role in the mode by which crystal growth occurs in the ELAMOD process.     

Radiation-Induced Defects in Calcium Aluminate Glasses

In this work, MgF₂ and CaF₂ doped calcium aluminate glass samples have been investigated in order to describe the intrinsic defects that are formed in UV irradiated glasses. It is well known that calcium aluminate, when UV-illuminated, changes colour from blue to green. Thermoluminescence (TL), Optical Absorption (OA) and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements have been carried out and the results obtained were associated with the structural properties of the CaO—Al₂O₂—SiO₂ system, in order to provide a defect model. Thermal treatments up to 150°C were performed for OA and TL measurements but the thermal decay curves could not be adjusted by an exponential function. The TL experimental results were fitted, according to a continuous model, with a Gaussian distribution function centred at 0.6eV and a frequency factor of 10⁹s^?1.     

Encapsulating MAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ (M = Sr,Ca, Ba) phosphors with triethanolamine to enhance water resistance

Traditional aluminates phosphors with persistent luminescence are chemically unstable to water or moisture. Thus, how to improve the water-resistance of these phosphors is becoming a key issue in their practical applications. In this work, a series of alkaline earth aluminate phosphors including MAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ (M = Sr, Ca, Ba) have been prepared by a co-precipitation synthesis and postannealing approach, using 8-hydroxyquinoline and sodium oxalate as precipitants. The samples before and after encapsulation were well characterized by means of XRPD, FESEM, FT-IR, TGA-DTG and PL techniques as well as water resistance measurements. The precipitants involved can react with Al³⁺ and Sr²⁺ (or Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺) to form complex compounds in aqueous solution, which further convert into porous phosphors by postannealing method under reducing atmosphere. Next, triethanolamine encapsulation at room temperature was conducted onto their surfaces to improve the water resistance. The results reveal that the encapsulation of aluminate phosphors with triethanolamine can effectively enhance the water resistance, and minimally affect on persistent phosphorescence.     

Up and down conversion fluorescence studies on combustion synthesized Yb/Yb: MO-Al2O3 (M=Ca, Sr and Ba) phosphors

The ytterbium ions doped MO-Al₂O₃ (M=Ca, Sr and Ba) phosphors have been synthesized through combustion technique and their up and down conversion fluorescence properties have been studied and compared. The samples were calcinated at different temperatures and their FTIR and XRD spectra have shown a close relationship. With 976 nm excitation all these phosphors show cooperative upconversion emission at 488 nm from the pairs of two Yb³⁺ ions along with an unexpected broad upconversion band in the blue green region and has been assigned to arise from the defect centers. Contrary to this upconversion emission, calcium aluminate phosphor exhibits bright and very broad down-conversion fluorescence (FWHM≈160 nm) upon UV (266 nm) excitation due to Yb²⁺ ions. The inter-conversion between the 3+ and 2+ valence states of Yb ion has been observed on calcinations of samples in open atmosphere and has been correlated to the emission properties. The Yb²⁺ ions containing calcium aluminate phosphor has been found suitable for producing broad band light in the visible region (white light). Lifetime of the emitting states of Yb³⁺ and Yb²⁺ ions have also been measured and discussed.