单材料V型缺口尖端振荡性奇异应力场产生的条件

单材料V型缺口附近应力场存在奇异性,Williams在1952年针对不同边界条件下所产生的奇异性进行了讨论,结论表明,边界条件和材料的泊松比对奇异 均有影响,本文对Williams所提出的第三种边界条件（一边自由,一边固支）研究后发现,缺口尖端附近应力不仅存在幂次奇异,而且还会出现振荡性,振荡指数大小依赖于缺口角度和泊松比。     

正交异性材料V型切口反对称变形下的尖端场

基于正交各向异性材料弹性平面问题的通解,导出了正交各向异性材料奇异点附近的位移场和奇异应力场的解析表达式,由此给出了反对称变形模态下V型切口尖端附近的位移场和奇异应力场的解析解,通过算例难证,解析解与有限元解吻合得非常好.研究结果表明,正交各向异性材料V型切口尖端附近的应力奇异性不仅与切口的张角有关,还与材料的弹性常数有关.     

纤维端部的界面裂纹分析

基于弹性力学空间轴对称问题的通解,研究了短纤维增强复合材料中纤维端部的轴对称币形和柱形界面裂纹尖端的应力奇异性,得到了裂纹尖端附近的奇异应力场．研究结果表明,这两种轴对称界面裂纹尖端的应力奇异性相同,并且与平面应变状态下相应模型的应力奇异性一致,材料性能对裂纹尖端附近奇异应力场的影响可用三个组合参数描述     

非奇异应力对中央含V形切口试样断裂性能的影响

采用Williams渐近展开式表达V形切口尖端附近区域的位移场和应力场,将其代入弹性力学基本方程中,应力奇异性指数及其对应的位移和应力角函数由求解常微分方程组获得。由于在远离切口尖端的区域无应力奇异性,将切口尖端应力奇异性区域移出后,应用边界元法分析无应力奇异性的剩余结构;将Williams渐近展开式与弹性力学边界积分方程结合,解出切口尖端附近应力奇异性区域的各应力场渐近展开项系数,从而获得切口尖端附近区域的完整应力场;基于此,研究了非奇异应力项对中央含V形切口试样的表观断裂韧度和临界荷载预测值的影响。结果表明:考虑非奇异应力项时,脆性断裂的表观断裂韧度和临界荷载的预测值要比忽略非奇异应力项时的预测值更接近实验值。     

V形切口应力强度因子的一种边界元分析方法

将V形切口结构分成围绕切口尖端的小扇形和剩余结构两部分. 尖端处扇形域应力场表示成关于尖端距离$\rho$的渐近级数展开式,从线弹性理论方程推导出了一组分析平面V形切口奇异性的常微分方程特征值问题,通过求解特征方程,得到前若干个奇性指数和相应的特征向量. 再将切口尖端的位移和应力表示为有限个奇性阶和特征向量的组合. 然后用边界元法分析挖去小扇形后的剩余结构. 将位移和应力的线性组合与边界积分方程联立,求解获得切口根部区域的应力场、应力幅值系数和整体结构的位移和应力. 从而准确计算出平面V形切口的奇异应力场和应力强度因子.      

理想弹塑性材料平面应力Ⅰ型裂纹尖端的弹塑性场

本文参照文献[1,2,3],重新研究了理想弹塑性材料平面应力Ⅰ型裂纹问题。构造了一种不存在应力间断线的裂纹尖端局部应力场,并导出了塑性区中的奇异塑性应变场。     

正交异性材料平面裂纹尖端应力场

根据正交各向异性材料力学性能确定出了用应力函数表示的弹性力学基本方程,利用坐标变换和复变函数方法求解了正交异性材料平面裂纹体的应力边值问题。借鉴一般断裂力学解法构造了I型和II型裂纹问题的应力函数,推导出了正交各向异性板裂纹尖端区的奇异应力场。通过数值计算说明了裂纹尖端应力表达式的正确性,验证了裂尖前沿应力变化规律,即σx与材料特征参数h2成正比,而σy和τxy不随材料特性变化。     

正交各向异性功能梯度涂层-基底结构共线裂纹问题的断裂分析

论文研究了一正交各向异性功能梯涂层粘结到一均匀基底含共线裂纹的平面I型断裂问题.引入新的双参数指数函数模拟连续改变的材料性质,正交各向异性的主轴方向分别为平行和垂直于带的边界,采用积分变换技术,所求的问题转化为第一类的Cauchy奇异积分方程,获得了共线裂纹尖端应力场,结果显示了材料常数和几何参数对应力强度因子的影响.     

缺口根部和裂纹尖端残余应力的X射线法测定

X射线法用于缺口根部和裂纹尖端等徽区的残余应力测试的先决条件是解决缩小光束直径、提高衍射束的强度和准确设置试样等技术问题.在X射线衍射仪上借助于自行设计制造的限束对光装置和侧倾对中附件,成功地测定了缺口根部半径为1mm的喷丸残余应力场和板形试样压-压周期载荷下裂纹尖端的残余拉应力场.     

两相材料V形切口应力强度因子边界元分析

建立了边界元法计算两相材料粘结V形切口奇异应力场的新途径。在V形切口尖端挖出一小扇形,将该扇形弧线边界的位移和面力表示为有限项奇性指数和特征角函数的线性组合,其组合系数即为广义应力强度因子,将该组合回代到在被挖去小扇形后的剩余结构内建立的边界积分方程,离散后可求解出组合系数,获得两相材料粘结V形切口尖端的应力强度因子。算例证明了本文方法的有效性。     

双材料界面裂纹应力强度因子的边界元分析

采用双材料基本解建立边界元法基本方程,计算双材料界面裂纹尖端附近的应用力和位移场。不离散界面,并设置面力奇异四分之一点裂尖单元以提高计算精度。数值结果表明,本文的方法具有较高的精度和效率。     

Numerical solutions of singular integral equations for planar rectangular interfacial crack in three dimensional bimaterials

Stress intensity factors for a three dimensional rectangular interfacial crack were considered using the body force method. In the numerical calculations, unknown body force densities were approximated by the products of the fundamental densities and power series; here the fundamental densities are chosen to express singular stress fields due to an interface crack exactly. The calculation shows that the numerical results are satisfied. The stress intensity factors for a rectangular interface crack were indicated accurately with the varying aspect ratio, and bimaterial parameter.     

Analysis of a mode-I crack perpendicular to an imperfect interface

The elastostatic problem of a mode-I crack embedded in a bimaterial with an imperfect interface is investigated. The crack is in proximity to and perpendicular to the imperfect interface, which is governed by linear spring-like relations. The Fourier transform is applied to reduce the associated mixed-boundary value problem to a singular integral equation with Cauchy kernel. By numerically solving the resulting equation, stress intensity factors near both crack tips are evaluated. Obtained results reveal that the stress intensity factors in the presence of the imperfect interface vary between that with a perfect interface and that with a completely debonding interface. Moreover, an increase in the interface parameters decreases the stress intensity factors. In particular, when crack approaches to the weakened interface closer, the stress intensity factors become larger for a sliding interface, and become larger or smaller for a Winkler interface, depending on the crack lying in a stiffer or softer material. The influences of the imperfection of the interface on the stress intensity factors for a bimaterial composed of aluminum and steel are presented graphically.     

SINGLE AND DOUBLE EDGE INTERFACE CRACK SOLUTIONS FOR ARBITRARY FORMS OF MATERIAL COMBINATION

In this paper interfacial edge crack problems are considered by the application of the finite element method. The stress intensity factors are accurately determined from the ratio of crack-tip-stress value between the target given unknown and reference problems. The reference problem is chosen to produce the singular stress fields proportional to those of the given unknown problem. Here the original proportional method is improved through utilizing very refined meshes and post-processing technique of linear extrapolation. The results for a double-edge interface crack in a bonded strip are newly obtained and compared with those of a single-edge interface crack for different forms of combination of material. It is found that the stress intensity factors should be compared in the three different zones of relative crack lengths. Different from the case of a cracked homogeneous strip, the results for the double edge interface cracks are found to possibly be bigger than those for a single edge interface crack under the same relative crack length.     

折线裂纹和两相材料界面的相互作用

利用螺位错基本解建立了和界面相交的折线裂纹的Cauchy型积分方程，根据奇异积分方程理论，得出了确定折线裂纹和界面交点处的奇性应力指数的特征方程，以及交点处各角形域内的奇性应力，利用所得的交点处的奇性应力定义了折线裂纹和界面交点处的应力强度因子，对所得积分方程进行数值求解，可得裂纹端点以及裂纹和界面交点处的应力强度因子。     

与界面垂直相触的三维裂纹的超奇异积分方程和奇性指数

本文使用有限部积分原理和两相材料空间弹性力学问题的点力基本解导出了与界面垂直相触的三维平片解纹的超奇异积分方程组;     

有限尺寸下双材料界面附近裂纹位置对裂纹尖端的影响

随着复合材料的应用和发展,不同材料组成的界面结构越来越受到人们的重视。界面层两侧材料的性能相异会引起材料界面端奇异性,同时界面和界面附近存在裂纹会引起裂尖处的应力奇异性。因此双材料界面附近的力学分析是比较复杂的。本文建立双材料直角界面模型,在材料界面附近预设初始裂纹,计算了有限材料尺寸对界面应力场及其附近裂纹应力强度因子的影响。运用弹性力学中的 Goursat 公式求得直角界面端在有限尺寸下的应力场以及其应力强度系数。通过叠加原理和格林函数法进一步得到在直角界面端附近的裂纹尖端应力强度因子。计算结果表明,在适当范围内改变材料内裂纹与界面之间的距离,界面附近裂纹尖端的应力强度因子随着裂纹与界面距离的增加而减少,并且逐渐趋于稳定。分析结果可以为预测双材料结构复合材料界面失效位置提供参考。     

Computing bounds to mixed-mode stress intensity factors in elasticity

A bounding procedure combined with an effective error bound method for linear functionals of the displacements and a simple two points displacement extrapolation method is presented to compute the lower and upper bounds to the stress intensity factors in elastic fracture problems. First, the displacements of two nodes (or node pairs) on the crack edges are used to construct the linear extrapolation to obtain the stress intensity factors at the crack tip, so that stress intensity factors are explicitly expressed as linear functionals of the displacements. Then, a posteriori bounding method is utilized to compute the bounds to the stress intensity factors. Finally, the bounding procedure is verified by a mixed-mode homogenous elastic fracture problem and a bimaterial interface crack problem.     

Stress intensity factor for a kinked interfacial crack in dissimilar anisotropic materials under antiplane deformation

The asymptotic problem of a kinked interfacial crack in dissimilar anisotropic materials under antiplane deformation is investigated. The linear transformation method for the problem of the anisotropic bimaterial with a straight interface is proposed. The stress intensity factor for the kinked interfacial crack in the anisotropic composite is obtained from the solution of the transformed problem of the kinked interfacial crack in the isotropic bimaterial based on the linear transformation method. The effects of the material parameters as well as the kink angle on the stress intensity factor are discussed from numerical results of the stress intensity factor. The finite element analysis is carried out to verify the stress intensity factor obtained by using the linear transformation. The influence of the material orientations on the stress intensity factor is investigated for the kinked crack in the bimaterial consisting of dissimilar inclined orthotropic materials.     

Asymptotic fields in the finite element analysis of electrically permeable interface cracks in piezoelectric bimaterials

Summary The interface crack problem for a piezoelectric bimaterial based on permeable conditions is studied numerically. To find the singular electromechanical field at the crack tip, an asymptotic solution is derived in connection with the conventional finite element method. For mechanical and electrical loads, the complex stress intensity factor for an interface crack is obtained. The influence of the applied loads on the electromechanical fields near the crack tip is also studied. For a particular case of a short crack with respect to the bimaterial size, the numerical results are compared with the exact analytical solutions, obtained for a piezoelectric bimaterial plane with an interface crack.One author (V.G.) gratefully acknowledges the support provided by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany.accepted for publication 7 June 2004