分子整流器整流特性的键桥调控效应

利用密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数方法,研究了基于同一分子在不同空间构型下形成的三个不同分子器件的电子输运特性及整流效果. 研究表明:旋转中间苯环(键桥——π桥),能明显改变整流效果,这是因为改变了分子轨道的离域性,这一发现说明通过改变键桥的空间取向能有效地调控分子整流器的整流性质,这对于设计新型分子整流器有重要意义. 关键词： 分子整流器 键桥 密度泛函理论 非平衡格林函数     

基于石墨烯电极的齐聚苯乙炔分子器件的整流特性

以齐聚苯乙炔分子为研究对象,采用密度泛函理论与非平衡格林函数相结合的第一性原理方法,对基于石墨烯电极的齐聚苯乙炔分子器件整流特性进行了研究,系统地分析了官能团对分子器件整流特性的影响.通过研究发现,官能团对齐聚苯乙炔分子器件整流特性影响显著,当添加失电子官能团氨基(NH_2)时出现正向整流,添加得电子官能团硝基(NO_2)时出现反向整流,当同时添加氨基和硝基官能团时,会出现正反向整流交替现象,研究结果表明通过添加不同类型的官能团能有效控制分子整流器的整流特性.     

C72 富勒烯的电子结构与电子传导研究

本文利用基于密度高泛函理论(DFT)和非平衡格林函数的第一性原理方法对富勒烯C72分子及连接电极构成的C72分子器件进行了电子结构及电子输运性质的研究.计算出了电子透射谱和分子轨道分布,分析了器件的电子结构和输运性质的产生原因. 结果显示C72分子器件的电子传输主要集中在分子壳上. 伏安曲线显示C72分子具有半导体特征.     

分子结点电子输运性质的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的非平衡态格林函数方法,研究了Pt-H₂微结点在平衡态和低偏压下的电子输运行为,考察了电极-分子耦合形貌对结点输运性质的影响,并采用费曼路径概念从结点局域轨道出发分析了其输运特性. 发现H₂分子的反键轨道可以参与结点的低偏压电子输运,偏压可以通过改变系统局域分子轨道来影响其输运性质. 关键词： 分子结点 电子输运 非平衡态格林函数方法 透射谱     

以石墨烯为电极的有机噻吩分子整流器的设计及电输运特性研究

传统硅基半导体器件受到了量子尺寸效应的限制,发展分子电子学器件有可能解决这一难题.本文提出了由石墨烯电极和有机噻吩分子相结合构造分子器件的思想,建构了"石墨烯-噻吩分子-石墨烯"结构的分子器件,并运用非平衡态格林函数结合密度泛函理论的方法研究了其电输运特性.系统地分析了电子给体"氨基"和电子受体"硝基"两种取代基的位置对有机噻吩分子电输运的影响.计算表明,有机噻吩二聚物被"氨基"和"硝基"取代后会产生明显的负微分电阻效应和整流效应.进一步对产生这些效应的物理机制进行分析,发现氨基的位置可以调整负微分电阻的强弱,硝基的位置可以改变整流的方向.     

富勒烯C20分子器件的电子结构和传导特性

运用基于密度泛函理论和基于非平衡格林函数的第一性原理方法研究了富勒烯C20分子及连接电极构成的C20分子器件的电子结构及电子输运性质.构建了三个基于C20分子的嵌入K和Si原子的电子输运系统,并得到了电子透射谱和分子轨道分布.分析了三种器件的电子结构和输运性质的产生原因,说明C20分子器件的电子传导主要集中在外壳.在C20分子空笼中嵌入K和Si原子后,其电子输运仍然主要集中于富勒烯C20的外壳.     

端基对分子器件整流性质的影响

利用基于非平衡Green函数加密度泛函理论的第一原理方法,研究了以S(Se)为端基的三并苯环分子夹在两半无限长的Au电极之间构成双探针系统的输运特性,发现体系具有较好的整流效应,最大整流系数达到6;用H取代右端同一位置的一个S（Se）,整流行为明显减弱.分析认为,这种整流是由于分子两端与电极的耦合不对称,使正负偏压下分子能级的移动和空间轨道分布不同所致.比较而言,S端基与电极的耦合导致的整流比Se强. 关键词： 电子输运 整流行为 非平衡Green函数方法     

(CH3)2和(NH2)2基团修饰的齐聚苯乙炔分子电子输运性质研究

采用密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数相结合的方法研究了S原子作为单、双端基的(CH₃)₂-OPE (齐聚苯乙炔)和(NH₂)₂-OPE分子在金电极间的电子输运性质. 通过第一性原理优化计算获得分子部分稳定结构, 再置于Au电极之间构成两极系统, 然后再优化整个两极系统获得稳定结构. 另外, 通过非平衡格林函数方法计算了两极系统的电子输运性质. 计算结果表明, 不同的修饰基团和桥接方式可以导致两极系统的开关效应、负微分电阻行为和整流行为等不同的电子输运性质. 通过计算不同偏压下的分子体系投影轨道电子分布、透射谱、态密度, 对这些新异的电输运性质出现的机理进行了解释.     

溶液酸碱性对低聚苯亚乙炔基分子结电输运性质的影响

结合密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数方法计算了溶液酸碱性对低聚苯亚乙炔基分子结电输运性质的影响,此低聚苯亚乙炔基分子中两个不同位置的H原子被氨基和羧基取代.通过质子化和去质子化模拟酸性溶液和碱性溶液对分子结构的影响.计算结果表明:中性环境下分子器件具有良好的导电性和微弱的整流效应;碱性溶液中羧基去质子化后,分子器件电流值增长近一倍,但整流效应变化不明显;酸性溶液中氨基质子化后,分子器件正向偏压导电性能略微降低,但整流方向发生明显反转,且与中性环境下的情况相比,整流比提高了近三倍.提出了一种利用化学手段控制分子结导电能力和整流性能的方法.     

Au电极连接富勒烯C32分子的电子结构与传输特性

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)和非平衡格林函数(NEGF)的第一性原理方法对富勒烯C₃₂分子及在C₃₂分子的距离最远的两个碳原子处连接Au(1,1,1)电极的分子器件进行了电子结构和电子输运性质的研究.考虑到中间分子与Au电极间距离变化的情况,通过计算得出了在不同距离下分子器件的电子传输谱和I-V特性,分析了各器件的电子结构和电子输运特性产生的原因,并分析了电极与中间分子的连接距离及门电压对分子器件电子输运的影响.得出了电极与所连接的中间分子之     

Effective interactions in molecular dynamics simulations of lysozyme solutions

On the basis of ab-initio calculations, we predict the effect of conformation and molecule-electrode distance on transport properties of asymmetric molecular junctions for different electrode materials M (M = Au, Ag, Cu, and Pt). The asymmetry in these junctions is created by connecting one end of the biphenyl molecule to conjugated double thiol (model A) and single thiol (model B) groups, while the other end to Cu atom. A variety of phenomena viz. rectification, negative differential resistance (NDR), switching has been observed that can be controlled by tailoring the interface state properties through molecular conformation and molecule-electrode distance for various M. These properties are further analyzed by calculating transmission spectra, molecular orbitals, and orbital energy. It is found that Cu electrode shows significantly enhanced rectifying performance with change in torsion angles, as well as with increase in molecule-electrode distances than Au and Ag electrodes. Moreover, Pt electrode manifests distinctive multifunctional behavior combining switch, diode, and NDR. Thus, the Pt electrode is suggested to be a good potential candidate for a novel multifunctional electronic device. Our findings are compared with available experimental and theoretical results.     

Rectifying properties of a boron/nitrogen-doped C131-based molecular junction: A first-principles study

Using first-principles density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green′s function formalism for quantum transport calculation, we have investigated the electronic transport properties of the boron/nitrogen-doped C₁₃₁-based molecular junction. Our results show that an obvious rectifying behavior is observed. Moreover, the rectifying performance can be tuned by adjusting the doping sites. The mechanism for the rectifying phenomenon is suggested. The present findings could be helpful for the application of the C₁₃₁ molecule in the field of single molecular devices or nanometer electronics.     

Obvious variation of rectification behaviors induced by isomeric anchoring groups for dipyrimidinyl–diphenyl molecular junctions

The rectifying properties modulated by isomeric anchoring groups of dipyrimidinyl–diphenyl co-oligomer diodes sandwiched between two gold electrodes are investigated using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green?s function method. Our results show that the rectifying behaviors of the co-oligomer diode are significantly modulated by isomeric substitution of anchoring groups. When the isomeride nitrile end group is replaced by the isocyanide one, for symmetric arrangement of electrodes, the rectifying direction shows obvious inversion for the isocyanide–diblock–thiol junction, and the rectification ratio is obviously enhanced for the thiol–diblock–isocyanide junction. The influence on rectification induced by asymmetric electrodes is also discussed. The analysis of the transmission spectra and the molecular projected self-consistent Hamiltonian under various external bias voltages gives inside mechanisms of the observed results.     

Single C59N molecule as a molecular rectifier

We report a new kind of experimental realization of a molecular rectifier, which is based on a single azafullerene C59N molecule in a double-barrier tunnel junction via the single electron tunneling effect. An obvious rectifying effect is observed. The positive onset voltage is about 0.5-0.7 V, while the negative onset voltage is about 1.6-1.8 V. Theoretical analyses show that the half-occupied molecular orbital of the C59N molecule and the asymmetric shift of the molecular Fermi level when the molecule is charged are responsible for the molecular rectification.     

Torsion angle dependence of the rectifying performance in molecular device with asymmetrical anchoring groups

Using first-principles density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green's function formalism, we investigate the effect of torsion angle on the rectifying characteristics of 4′-thiolate-biphenyl-4-dithiocarboxylate sandwiched between two Au(111) electrodes. The results show that the torsion angle has an evident influence on rectifying performance of such devices. By increasing the dihedral angle between two phenyl rings, namely changing the magnitude of the intermolecular coupling effect, a different rectifying behavior can be observed in these systems. Our findings highlight that the rectifying characteristics are intimately related to dihedral angles and can provide fundamental guidelines for the design of functional molecular devices.     

Electronic transport properties in benzene-based heterostructure: Effects of anchoring groups

Using density functional theory (DFT) combined with nonequilibrium Green?s functions (NEGF), the electronic transport properties of benzene-based heterostructure molecular devices have been investigated. We focus on the contact geometry between molecules and electrodes, and several different anchoring groups have been considered. The current–voltage characteristics were calculated for positive and negative bias voltages, and discussed in terms of transmission spectra, transferred charges, and molecular projected self-consistent Hamiltonian (MPSH) states. Our results show that the anchoring groups play a crucial role in determining the overall conductivity of the molecular devices. Negative differential resistance (NDR) and rectifying effect can be observed.