基于半圆形与矩形谐振腔耦合结构的Fano共振

设计了一种基于金属-介质-金属波导的半圆形谐振腔与矩形谐振腔的耦合结构,采用有限元方法研究了该结构的传播特性.结果表明:透射光谱中产生一个类似Fano共振线型的共振谷,该Fano共振由半圆形谐振腔的宽谱共振和矩形谐振腔的窄谱共振相互耦合所导致.变化谐振腔的结构参量,发现该Fano共振谷位置依赖于矩形谐振腔的几何参量,而对两谐振腔相对位置的微小移动不敏感;同时,改变两谐振腔的并联方式,研究了两种衍生结构的传播特性,发现这些结构均可产生明显的Fano共振.此外,通过在谐振腔中填充不同折射率的介质材料,研究了三种结构基于Fano共振效应的折射率传感特性,其折射率敏感度最高达到750 nm/RIU.研究结果可为未来芯片上基于表面等离极化激元波导的高灵敏折射率传感器的设计提供理论依据.     

基于锚形谐振腔的等离子体波导特性研究

基于表面等离子体激元在金属-介质-金属结构中优良的传输特性,设计了一种由直波导和锚形谐振腔组成的波导滤波器。仿真分析了波导滤波器传输特性和电场分布随结构参数和谐振腔内介质折射率变化规律。结果表明,该锚形谐振腔最佳结构时滤波器半峰全宽低至8 nm,品质因数高达121.9。利用共振波长与结构参数变化规律,设计了光通信波长窗口的窄带带阻滤波器。根据SPPs对谐振腔介质折射率敏感的特性,发现透射谱线随折射率变大而发生红移。本文提出的基于锚形谐振腔的等离子体MIM波导滤波器为设计特定波长的窄带带阻滤波器提供了新思路,也为基于谱线红移特性设计的介质折射率传感器提供了技术支持。     

基于方形谐振器的表面等离子体波导传感器

本文利用方形谐振器与两个金属/介质/金属型波导结构耦合设计了一个亚波长的表面等离子体波导传感器,并通过有限元分析研究了此结构的传输特性。研究表明,通过谐振器耦合能有效增强共振波长的表面等离子体波的透射能力,同时减小两侧波导结构与方形谐振器之间的金属势垒层宽度可提高透射率。传感器的共振波长与介质材料的折射率之间存在着线性关系,1阶共振模的灵敏度可达1100nm/RIU。这种传感器可实现器件的小型化,在生物、工业传感领域有着很大的潜力。     

一种石墨烯波导褶皱激发表面等离子体激元的设计

设计了褶皱石墨烯波导结构激发表面等离子体激元,通过设计周期阵列结构实现了表面等离子体激元传播损耗的补偿.理论分析了周期阵列结构的表面等离子体激元传播模型和补偿损耗的方式,结果表明褶皱衍射激发表面等离子体激元波导不仅能够激发表面等离子体激元,还能利用表面等离子体激元波矢关系实现器件参数控制,周期阵列增益全程补偿损耗的方式可以显著增加表面等离子体激元的传播距离.数值分析结果进一步表明:该结构具备了保持亚波长尺寸的强局域化优势;周期阵列增益全程补偿可以显著提高纳米腔中的电场强度,降低传输损耗;波导结构的粒子反转水平较高,自发辐射噪声的扰动较低.设计的石墨烯波导器件可以为微纳光学集成、光子传感和测量等领域提供理想的亚波长光子器件.     

带有T型腔的MIM波导的法诺共振特性研究

设计了一种带有枝节的金属-介质-金属(MIM)波导与T型谐振腔侧耦合的表面等离子体光波导结构。利用有限元法(FEM),数值分析了改变耦合距离、T型腔几何尺寸及其不对称性、枝节高度对法诺(Fano)共振谱线的影响。结合电磁场分布进一步揭示了Fano共振现象产生的物理机理,由此可以动态调节表面等离子体波在结构中传输时产生的Fano共振特性。另外,研究表明在T型腔内填充不同折射率的材料,利用所设计的波导结构可以实现灵敏度高达940nm/RIU的纳米尺度的折射率传感器。最后研究了结构的慢光传输特性,可以在Fano峰值附近实现约0.025ps的光学延迟。这种新型的表面等离子体光波导可能会在光子器件集成、慢光效应及纳米传感领域有着较大的应用前景。     

一种石墨烯波导褶皱激发表面等离子体激元的设计（英文）

设计了褶皱石墨烯波导结构激发表面等离子体激元,通过设计周期阵列结构实现了表面等离子体激元传播损耗的补偿.理论分析了周期阵列结构的表面等离子体激元传播模型和补偿损耗的方式,结果表明褶皱衍射激发表面等离子体激元波导不仅能够激发表面等离子体激元,还能利用表面等离子体激元波矢关系实现器件参数控制,周期阵列增益全程补偿损耗的方式可以显著增加表面等离子体激元的传播距离.数值分析结果进一步表明:该结构具备了保持亚波长尺寸的强局域化优势;周期阵列增益全程补偿可以显著提高纳米腔中的电场强度,降低传输损耗;波导结构的粒子反转水平较高,自发辐射噪声的扰动较低.设计的石墨烯波导器件可以为微纳光学集成、光子传感和测量等领域提供理想的亚波长光子器件.     

带有开口方环谐振腔的MIM波导的Fano谐振特性研究

本文设计了一种支持Fano谐振传输特性的金属-介质-金属(MIM)型表面等离子体光波导结构,该结构由带有枝节谐振腔的直波导和一个开口方环谐振腔组成。利用数值方法详细研究了Fano谐振传输特性对几何参数的依赖关系,并通过时域耦合模理论(CMT)对给定参数条件下的传输谱进行了拟合验证。同时,也对该结构在折射率传感器方面的应用进行了研究,通过计算介质折射率变化引起的Fano谐振峰的波长变化可以发现,传感器的灵敏度高达1500nm/RIU,品质因子超过1800。这种表面等离子体光波导结构在光子器件集成及纳米滤波器、快速光开关以及折射率传感器等领域有一定的应用前景。     

光学谐振系统中慢光特性研究

针对两环形腔与直波导耦合的系统,考虑光纤耦合器的插入损耗,发现两个耦合器反射值的不同匹配,却可以在谐振处得到相同的透过率峰值,因此可以不必限定某两个具体反射值,通过数值模拟得到中心频率处透过率峰值与群折射率的反比关系.由于群延迟与群折射率相对应,所以群延迟的增加势要以牺牲峰值透过率为代价.将增益介质加入到三环形腔与直波导耦合的系统中,可以使结构的色散响应由反常色散转化为正常色散,同样体现出慢光的特性.在频域和时域范围内分别对群延迟做了定量的分析. 关键词： 慢光 透过率 有效相移 群延迟     

介质填充浅槽周期结构表面上的太赫兹表面等离子体激元

通过在金属表面刻成浅的垂直凹槽,并在槽内填充不同的介质,对金属表面浅槽周期结构上传播的表面等离子体激元的色散特性与填充介质的关系进行了研究.研究表明通过在周期凹槽内填充介质可以有效降低人工表面等离子体激元的渐近频率,并增强金属表面对电磁场的约束.分析了太赫兹波段金属的吸收损耗对人工表面等离子体激元特性的影响,结果显示基于填充介质的浅槽周期表面结构可以获得长距离传输以及场的亚波长约束.通过对波传输的数值仿真,验证了该表面结构在太赫兹波段良好的导波能力.这种表面结构对太赫兹波段新型集成导波器件的设计具有参考价值.     

介质填充浅槽周期结构表面上的太赫兹表面等离子体激元

通过在金属表面刻成浅的垂直凹槽,并在槽内填充不同的介质,对金属表面浅槽周期结构上传播的表面等离子体激元的色散特性与填充介质的关系进行了研究.研究表明通过在周期凹槽内填充介质可以有效降低人工表面等离子体激元的渐近频率,并增强金属表面对电磁场的约束.分析了太赫兹波段金属的吸收损耗对人工表面等离子体激元特性的影响,结果显示基于填充介质的浅槽周期表面结构可以获得长距离传输以及场的亚波长约束.通过对波传输的数值仿真,验证了该表面结构在太赫兹波段良好的导波能力.这种表面结构对太赫兹波段新型集成导波器件的设计具有参考价值.     

Dispersion modified slot optical waveguides

Advent of slot waveguide structures had opened a new era where light can be confined in low index slot guarded by high index slabs. Already in use SOI slot waveguides (contrast ratio is 2.42) have two distinct properties over the conventional waveguides, i.e. high E-field amplitude, optical power, optical intensity in low index materials, and strong E-field confinement localized to nanometer-size low index regions. We hereby propose a low refractive index contrast ratio slot waveguide structure (ratio is 1.18) comprising of commercially available glass material. Novelty lies in showing high E-field amplitude, optical power, optical intensity, and strong E-field confinement in low index slot regions despite of lowest ever reported contrast ratio. A systematic numerical study on the higher order dispersion characteristics of the widely studied SOI-based slot structure and of our proposed low refractive index contrast slot structure is carried out. It has been demonstrated that low refractive index contrast ratio slot optical waveguide GVD properties are quite different than SOI slot optical waveguide. The less normal dispersion existing in this kind of waveguide could have an impact on their applications in various nonlinear or linear applications.     

Dispersion characteristics of SOI-based slot optical waveguides

The invention of the slot waveguide had enabled a number of interesting novel linear or nonlinear optical applications by guiding light in nanometers-wide low index slots guarded by high-index slabs. As one of its key characteristics, the low modal index for this kind of waveguides has been demonstrated by many studies. However, their higher order dispersion properties have not been thoroughly investigated yet, while the growing size and complexity of these devices and their potential nonlinear optical applications involving short optical pulses demand further understanding in their dispersion behavior. We here carry out a numerical study on the higher order dispersion characteristics of the SOI-based slot structures around the 1550 nm wavelength. Our results show that they could have significantly different second order dispersion properties in contrast to the traditional channel SOI waveguides. Their potentially large normal dispersion could have an impact on various nonlinear or linear applications. The relationship between the dispersion performance and the waveguide design is also investigated, and the results could show further venues to optimize or control the dispersion properties of such waveguides.     

Tunable optical properties in engineered one-dimensional coupled resonator optical waveguides

In this paper, the optical properties in finite size tilted and engineered one dimensional coupled resonator optical waveguide have been investigated. The large dependence of the optical transmittance, dispersion parameter and its higher order slope such as transmittance group delay, third order dispersion and intrinsic waveguide induced loss on the oblique incidence and fraction factor, as the ratio of the optical thicknesses of two adjacent layers, have been studied. Our results showed that as a consequence of changing the fraction factor, at normal incidence, photonic band gap zone, flat portion of third order dispersion curve and maximum magnitude of the transmission group delay can be tuned in long range of wavelength (red shift) slightly. Despite of slight tuning the optical properties in one dimensional coupled resonator optical waveguide by changing the fraction factor, incidence angle has a significant large magnitude of tunability in the overall region of operational wavelength. This fact yields us by changing the incidence from 30 to 60, the operational wavelength can be tuned between two main optical communication windows, while by changing the fraction factor, dispersion and its higher order can be fine tuned in each of optical communication windows which are very useful in wavelength division multiplexing systems and planar lightwave circuits.     

Adjustable dispersion compensating in one dimensional coupled resonator planar optical waveguides

In this paper, the optical properties in finite size one dimensional coupled resonator optical waveguide are investigated. The large dependence of the group velocity, dispersion parameter and its higher order slope such as transmission group delay, third order dispersion and intrinsic waveguide induced loss have been studied. By engineering the optical contrast ratio of the medium by using some accessible and compatible materials, according to the equivalent layers theory, the above mentioned parameters can either be adjusted or enhanced dramatically, according to the configuration of the optical networks and users’ requirements. Also, by setting proper choice of the optical contrast ratio, super flattening of the transmittance group delay, third order dispersion spectrum and reduced intrinsic waveguide induced loss can be realized. Our results show the potential applications of the device for preventing the satellite pulse creating and transmitting pulse information distortion in multichannel lightwave systems.     

High-index and low loss polyethylene terephatate optical waveguides

In this paper, the fabrication and characterization of a high-index low loss polyethylene terephatate (PET) optical waveguide is presented. Dip-coating technique has been used to fabricate the optical waveguide using PET. Various waveguide properties, such as mode effective refractive index, optical loss, dispersion and waveguide thickness as a function of temperature of waveguides and substrates have been reported. Optical losses of as low as 0.7 dB cm^–1 waveguides can be obtained if the formation temperature can be controlled between 30 and 35°C. In addition, we suggested that it is a suitable material for optoelectronic waveguide devices.     

Dispersion characteristics of complex refractive-index planar slab optical waveguide by using finite element method

In this paper, finite element method (FEM) mode analyses of planar slab optical waveguide having complicated refractive index profile are presented. We try to estimate the dispersion graph, mode cut-off condition, group delay and waveguide dispersion for the case of α-power and chirped-type refractive index profile. In order to obtain the more accurate result, we have derived the higher-order polynomial, which establishes the suitable relationship between b and V for different profile of optical waveguide. On the basis of the derived polynomials, the waveguide dispersion is analyzed for different type of refractive index profile waveguide. Our study shows that the waveguide dispersion can be substantially reduced when we deployed the optical waveguide having linearly chirped-type refractive index profile. Earlier too, the arbitrary refractive index profile has been analyzed but to the best of our knowledge chirped-type refractive index profile has not been analyzed till date for the case of planar slab optical waveguide.     

Coherent interference induced transparency in self-coupled optical waveguide-based resonators

We propose a self-coupled optical waveguide (SCOW)-based resonator to generate an optical resonance analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The EIT-like effect is formed by the coherent interference between two resonance paths inherent to the SCOW resonator. For cascaded SCOW resonators, the spectrum they produce is significantly affected by the phase shift between them, with the EIT-like peak flattened or split as the two extreme cases. We also investigate the dispersion characteristics of an infinite array of SCOW resonators and show that the dispersion relation and group index in the EIT subband can be greatly changed by a small phase shift between the SCOW resonators.     

Fabrication and characterization of polyethylene terephatate optical waveguides

In this paper, the fabrication and characterization of polyethylene terephatate (PET) thin film integrated optical waveguide is presented. Dip-coating technique has been used to fabricate the optical waveguide using PET. Various waveguide properties, such as mode effective refractive index, optical loss, dispersion and waveguide thickness as a function of temperature of waveguides have been reported. The optical loss are found to be <1 dB cm^–1.     

Theory of absorption integrated optical sensor of gaseous materials

The eigen and noneigen (leaky) modes of a three-layer planar integrated optical waveguide are described. The dispersion relation of a three-layer planar waveguide and other dependences are derived, and the cutoff conditions are analyzed. The diagram of propagation constants of the guided and radiation modes of an irregular asymmetric three-layer waveguide and the dependence of the electric field amplitudes of radiation modes of substrate on vertical coordinate in a tantalum integrated optical waveguide are presented. The operating principles of an absorption integrated optical waveguide sensor are investigated. The dependences of sensitivity of an integrated optical waveguide sensor on the sensory cell length, the coupling efficiency of the laser radiation into the waveguide, the absorption cross-section of the studied material, and the level of additive statistical noise are investigated. Some of the prospective areas of application of integrated-optical waveguide sensors are outlined.     

A general approach for the analysis of optical waveguides

A general approach for the analysis of optical waveguides with the presence of an active medium is presented. It is shown from first principles that the dispersion and gain (or loss) of the active medium can be incorporated into the modal analysis of the waveguide by defining an effective complex refractive index. The applicability of this approach, in contrast with that of the conventional analysis, is investigated, employing the hollow circular cylindrical waveguide amplifier as a typical example.