碳纳米管修饰电极对多巴胺和肾上腺素的电分离及同时测定

研究了多巴胺 (DA)和肾上腺素 (EP)在多壁碳纳米管 (MWNT)修饰电极上的电化学性质 ,发现该修饰电极对神经递质DA和EP有显著的增敏和电分离作用。还原峰电位差达ΔEp=390mV ,可同时测定DA和EP。DA和EP的还原峰电流与其浓度分别在 2 .0× 10 -6～ 1.0× 10 -3 mol/L和 1.0× 10 -6～ 1.0× 10 -3 mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系 ;方法的检出限分别为 1× 10 -6mol/L和 5× 10 -7mol/L。由于抗坏血酸 (AA)在MWNT修饰电极上的氧化是不可逆的 ,因此利用还原峰进行测定 ,消除了AA对DA和EP的干扰     

玻碳电极的阳极化预处理及其分析应用

本文研究了玻碳电极(GCE)循环伏安扫描预处理及其应用。阳极化预处理的电极对多巴胺(DA)具有良好的电催化活性,显著增强DA的电流响应。与裸GCE相比,此电极上DA的氧化峰电位负移了350mV、还原峰电位正移了300mV。在最佳条件下,DA浓度在4.1×10-7～1.0×10-5mol/L之间呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9989,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L。该电极制作简便,稳定性好。     

聚L-谷氨酸/石墨充蜡修饰电极测定多巴胺

用充蜡石墨电极 (WGE)在L 谷氨酸 (GA)无水乙醇溶液中恒电位于 1.6V(vs.SCE)氧化制备了一种聚GA修饰电极 (GA/WGE) ,该电极可用于肾上腺素 (EP)和抗坏血酸 (AA)共存下对多巴胺 (DA)的测定。该电极的灵敏度和选择性主要取决于阳极极化电位与极化时间、富集电位和溶液的pH。DA在该电极上呈现一对循环伏安峰 ,Em=0 .14 5V ,为 1电子 / 1质子的准可逆氧化还原过程。AA和EP也能够在电极上富集和催化氧化 ,伏安峰分别在 0 .30V和 0 .17V。当AA浓度小于 0 .1mmol/L时 ,电极对AA基本不响应 ,可以用DA的氧化峰电流做定量分析。线性范围为 2 .0× 10 -4～ 5 .0× 10 -7mol/L ;检出限为 2 .5× 10 -7mol/L。当AA的浓度较大或在AA、EP共存下 ,可利用DA氧化的再还原峰电流做定量分析。线性范围为 1.0× 10 -4～ 2 .5× 10 -6mol/L ;检出限为 7.5× 10 -7mol/L。该电极制作简便 ,重现性良好 ,定量结果也令人满意     

几种常见阴离子的高效毛细管电泳-电导分离检测

采用柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠作为缓冲体系,使用负高压,对Cl-、NO3-、HCO3-、H2PO4-几种常见阴离子进行了分离检测,研究了缓冲剂的种类、浓度、pH值及操作电压对分离的影响;在选定的条件下,定量线性范围为Cl-5.0×10-5～2.5×103md/L,NO3-6.0×10-5～2.0×10-3mol/L,HCO3-1.0×10-5～2.0×10-3mol/L,H2PO4-6.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol/L;检出限为Cl-1.5×10-5mol/L,NO3-3.0×10-5mol/L,HCO3-1.0×10mol/L,H2PO4-2.0×10-5mol/L;4种离子的RSD(n=6)分别为3.1%、33%、2.6%和2.9%;应用选定条件对自来水样品进行了分析,结果令人满意.     

四种阴离子的毛细管电泳电导检测(英文)

 采用柠檬酸 柠檬酸钠作为缓冲体系 ,使用负高压 ,对Cl-,NO3 -,HCO3 -和H2 PO4 -等 4种常见阴离子进行了分离检测 ,研究了缓冲剂的种类、浓度、pH值及操作电压对分离的影响。在选定的条件下 ,4种离子的定量线性范围 :Cl-5 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 2 5× 10 -3 mol/L ,NO3 -6 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 2 0× 10 -3 mol/L ,HCO3 -5 0× 10 -6mol/L～ 2 0× 10 -4 mol/L ,H2 PO4 -6 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 1 0× 10 -3 mol/L ;检出限 :Cl-1 5× 10 -5mol/L ,NO3 -3 0×10 -5mol/L ,HCO3 -1 0× 10 -6mol/L ,H2 PO4 -2 0× 10 -5mol/L ;峰面积的RSD (n =6 ) :Cl-3 1% ,     

β-环糊精存在下阳离子表面活性剂的毛细管电泳电导法测定

基于H3 BO3 与 β CD配合成大阴离子 ,与不同的阳离子表面活性剂作用不同 ,建立了快速分离检测阳离子表面活性剂的毛细管电泳电导法。研究了H3 BO3 与 β CD的浓度 ,缓冲液的酸度和浓度对分离的影响。在优化的实验条件下 ,溴化四丁基铵 (TBAB)、溴化十二烷基三甲基铵 (DTAB)、溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)阳离子表面活性剂 10min内完全分离 ,峰形良好。线性范围分别为TBAB 10 -3 ～ 10 -5mol/L ,DTAB1.0× 10 -3 ～ 5 .0× 10 -6mol/L ,CTMAB 1.0× 10 -3 ～ 5 .0× 10 -6mol/L。检测限分别为TBAB 7.5× 10 -6mol/L ,DTAB 1.7× 10 -6mol/L ,CTMAB 1.0× 10 -6mol/L。方法用于合成水样分析 ,结果令人满意     

微渗析-液相色谱电化学检测法测定全血中的半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽

采用微渗析取样作为样品预处理技术,与高效液相色谱电化学检测联用,建立了一种测定血中半胱氨酸(Cys)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的新方法。电化学检测以玻碳电极为工作电极,结果表明在3.5×10-6～1.0×10-3mol/L浓度范围内,Cys和GSH的浓度分别与氧化峰的峰电流呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.9971和0.9982,检测限分别为1.2×10-6mol/L和3.2×10-6mol/L。     

碳糊电极吸附伏安法测定痕量钒

研究了钒 荧光镓(LMG)络合物在碳糊电极上的吸附伏安行为,发现其在+0.81V(vs.SCE)的阳极二次导数峰电流与钒(V)的浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系。在pH=4.3的0.26mol/L的HAc NH4Ac缓冲溶液中,于+0.4V富集,从+0.4至+1.4V以300mV/s线性扫描,方法线性范围为4.0×10-9～1.0×10-7mol/L(5.0×10-7mol/LLMG)和1.0×10-7～1.2×10-6mol/L(2.0×10-6mol/LLMG),检出限为1.0×10-9mol/L(S/N=3)。该法用于煤飞灰,粉煤灰和水样中钒的测定,结果满意。     

混合香蕉组织碳糊生物微电极的研究及在活体分析中的应用

我们研制了混合香蕉组织碳糊生物微电极,用于神经递质多巴胺(DA)的测定,研究了DA在该电极上的伏安特性及最佳工作条件。该电极选择性好,可抗256倍维生素C(V_(?))的干扰;灵敏度高,检出下限为3.3×10~(-8)mol/L。用于活体分析鼠脑纹状体中DA,线性范围为1.9×10~(-6)～1.3×10~(-4)mol/L(静置时间为10s)。     

去肾上腺素在L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上的电化学行为及其分析研究

应用循环伏安法(CV)和方波伏安法(SWV)研究了去甲肾上腺素(NE)在L-半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰金电极(L-Cys/Au)上的电化学行为。结果表明:在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,L-Cys/Au对去甲肾上腺素具有明显的电催化作用。由方波伏安法测定的氧化峰电流在NE浓度1.0×10-6~4.0×10-5mol/L和6.0×10-5~4.0×10-4mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9941和0.9962,检出限为5.0×10-7mol/L。已用于分析针剂样品。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.