BSA mediated Ag@Bi2S3 composites: synthesis,characterization, photodegradation of mixed dyes via metal-semiconductor interface,antimicrobial and antioxidant activities

Nowadays, the development of metal-metal sulfide interface semiconductors using green approach is best material for the photocatalytic and biological applications. Here, we provided for the first time, an environmentally friendly route to fabricate bovine serum albumin (BSA) assisted Ag@Bi₂S₃ composites through a metal-metal sulphide interface via a simple hydrothermal method for the evaluation of photochemical and biological applications. The synthesized composites were characterized by UV–vis DRS, PL, XRD, TEM, and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms. The UV–vis DRS and PL spectra show that the obtained nano-sized Ag@Bi₂S₃ composite displays enhanced visible-light absorption and a decreased fluorescence emission compared to that of Bi₂S₃ nanorods (NRs). The photocatalytic performances of the synthesized composites were evaluated by the degradation of the single (RhB and MB) and mixed dye (RhB+MB) under sunlight irradiation. The results indicated that the Ag@Bi₂S₃ composite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity (98.38%) than that of individual Ag NPs and Bi₂S₃ NRs due to the synergistic effect of Ag and Bi₂S₃ nanophases in the Ag@Bi₂S₃ composite, which results in an effective charge separation, fast electron transfer from Ag to Bi₂S₃, and a low recombination of photo-induced electron-hole pairs. The Ag@Bi₂S₃ composite also has good recycling stability up to 5 cycles and its mechanism also investigated. The evaluation of reactive species during the photocatalytic reaction was also carried out. Further, the effects of Bi₂S₃ and Ag NPs on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the resultant Ag@Bi₂S₃ composite were also systematically investigated.     

Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity of Sr4Al14O25: Eu2+, Dy3+ Persistent Phosphors by Codoping with Bi3+ Ions

The photocatalytic activity of Bismuth‐codoped Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺ persistent phosphors is studied by monitoring the degradation of the blue methylene dye UV light irradiation. Powder phosphors are obtained by a combustion synthesis method and a postannealing process in reductive atmosphere. The XRD patterns show a single orthorhombic phase Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅: Eu²⁺, Dy³⁺, Bi³⁺ phosphors even at high Bismuth dopant concentrations of 12 mol%, suggesting that Bi ions are well incorporated into the host lattice. SEM micrographs show irregular micrograins with sizes in the range of 0.5–20 μm. The samples present an intense greenish‐blue fluorescence and persistent emissions at 495 nm, attributed to the 5d–4f allowed transitions of Eu²⁺. The fluorescence decreases as Bi concentration increases; that suggest bismuth‐induced traps formation that in turn quench the luminescence. The photocatalytic evaluation of the powders was studied under both 365 nm UV and solar irradiations. Sample with 12 mol% of Bi presented the best MB degradation activity; 310 min of solar irradiation allow 100% MB degradation, whereas only 62.49% MB degradation is achieved under UV irradiation. Our results suggest that codoping the persistent phosphors with Bi³⁺ can be an alternative to enhance their photocatalytic activity.     

Facile synthesis of Fe/Bi2SiO5 nanocomposite with enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of 17β-Estradiol(E2)

In the present work, element modification semiconductor photocatalyst Fe-Bi₂SiO₅ was successfully synthesized by combining the hydrothermal method and impregnation technique. The obtained photocatalysts were systematically characterized through XRD, SEM, XPS, BET and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The synthesized heterojunction Fe/Bi₂SiO₅ photocatalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for 17β-Estradiol(E2). While using 20 W mercury lamp as UV light source, the degradation efficiency of E2 by 5% Fe/Bi₂SiO₅ (the molar ratio of Fe/Bi was 5:100) at 60 min irradiation was 99.5%. The rate constant of E2 degradation on 5% Fe/Bi₂SiO₅ were about 3.42 times of the P25 and 2.63 times of the pure Bi₂SiO₅. The impact of catalyst loading and pH as well as the photocatalytic mechanism was investigated. The possible photocatalytic mechanism has been discussed on the basis of the theoretical calculation and the experimental results. The results of this study indicated that Fe/Bi₂SiO₅ was a stable and efficient photocatalyst, with promising practical applications.     

Visible light photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 particles with different morphologies

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) particles with different morphologies were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal process and their optical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. Their crystal structure and microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). XRD patterns demonstrate that the as-prepared samples are monoclinic cell. FESEM shows that BiVO₄ crystals can be fabricated in different morphologies by simply manipulating the reaction parameters of hydrothermal process. The UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) reveal that the band gaps of BiVO₄ photocatalysts are about 2.07–2.21 eV. The as-prepared BiVO₄ photocatalysts exhibit higher photocatalytic activities in the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) compared with traditional N-doped TiO₂ (N-TiO₂). Furthermore, wheat like BiVO₄ sample reveals the highest photocatalytic activity. Up to 100% Rh B is decolorized after visible light irradiation for 180 min. The reason for the difference in the photocatalytic activities for BiVO₄ samples obtained at different conditions were systematically studied based on their shape, size and the variation of local structure.     

In-situ construction of amorphous/crystalline contact Bi2S3/Bi4O7 heterostructures for enhanced visible-light photocatalysis

Constructing a heterojunction photocatalyst is a significant method to enhance photocatalytic activity because it can promote the separation of photogenerated carriers. Herein, amorphous/crystalline contact Bi₂S₃/Bi₄O₇ heterostructure was successfully synthesized by in-situ sulfidation of Bi₄O₇. The amorphous Bi₂S₃ is diffused on the surface of Bi₄O₇ rod, enhancing the visible light response and improving the transport of photogenerated carriers. Various characterizations confirm that the rapid separation of photogenerated carriers leads to increased photocatalytic performance. The optimized Bi₂S₃/Bi₄O₇ heterostructure photocatalyst (BiS-0.15) exhibits the highest Cr(VI) reduction (0.01350 min⁻¹) and RhB oxidation (0.08011 min⁻¹) activity, which is much higher than that of pure Bi₄O₇ and Bi₂S₃/Bi₄O₇ mixture under visible light irradiation. This work provides new insights into the construction of efficient novel photocatalysts.     

A facile preparation and visible light-induced photocatalysis of indium sulfide superstructure

β-In₂S₃ superstructure comprised of nanoflakes with the sizes of 200–450 nm has been synthesized by a facile reflux method with the assistance of the sodium dodecylsulfate at low temperature (80 °C). XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM, and UV–vis spectra were used to characterize the In₂S₃ superstructure. Prepared In₂S₃ superstructures exhibited high photocatalytic activities in the degradation of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), in which 97.5% RhB was photodegraded after 60 min.     

花球状Bi2S3/BiOI复合光催化剂在空气中净化甲醛的应用

以硫代乙酰胺为硫源,采用水热阴离子转移法,制备由纳米片组装的花球状Bi₂S₃/BiOI复合光催化剂。以气相甲醛作为模型污染物,在检测舱中考察了复合催化剂对甲醛的净化作用。结果表明,具有异质结结构的Bi₂S₃/BiOI复合光催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,能在可见光下净化空气中的甲醛,并且具有良好的循环使用稳定性。     

Growth mechanism and photocatalytic properties of flower-like Bi2WO6 powders synthesized by a microwave hydrothermal method

Pure orthorhombic phase Bi₂WO₆ powders were synthesized by a microwave hydrothermal method in the absence of surfactants and templates, using Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O and Na₂WO₄·2H₂O as raw materials. Photocatalytic properties of the samples prepared at different reaction temperatures were also studied with Rhodamine B (RhB) solution as the target catabolite under visible light. The results indicate that flower-like Bi₂WO₆ powders can be obtained by controlling the microwave reaction temperatures in the absence of any additives. The growth of flower-like Bi₂WO₆ powders is a multistage layer assembly process, in which the flower-like Bi₂WO₆ self-assembling with the uniform size about 2 μm is synthesized at 180 °C. At the same time, the photocatalytic reaction rate constant (k) gets up to 0.04167/min and the degradation rate of RhB solution is more than 96 % after being irradiated under visible light for 70 min.     

花球状Bi2S3/BiOI复合光催化剂去除空气中甲醛的应用

以硫代乙酰胺为硫源,采用水热阴离子转移法,制备由纳米片组装的花球状Bi₂S₃/BiOI复合光催化剂。以气相甲醛作为模型污染物,在检测舱中考察了复合催化剂对甲醛的去除作用。结果表明,具有异质结结构的Bi₂S₃/BiOI复合光催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,能在可见光下去除空气中的甲醛,并且具有良好的循环使用稳定性。     

α-Fe2O3 supported Bi2WO6 for photocatalytic degradation of gaseous benzene

The Bi₂WO₆/α-Fe₂O₃ composite photocatalyst was synthesized by using goethite as a precursor through hydrothermal-calcination method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis reflection spectrometer (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and N₂ adsorption-desorption measurement (BET). These results indicated that the self-made composite photocatalysts had excellent catalytic performance of degradation of gaseous benzene. When benzene initial concentration at 50 mg/m³, over the α-FeOOH/Bi₂WO₆ with molar mass of 0.8:1, calcined at 350 °C for 2 h and the pH of precursor solution was 3, the benzene degradation rate reached 71.9% and the mineralization efficiency reached 67.7% after 220 min UV irradiation, respectively. The h⁺ and O₂⁻ generated in the photocatalytic system should be played a pivotal role for the enhanced photodegradation performance of gaseous benzene.     

Photocatalytic activity of a novel Bi-based oxychloride catalyst Na0.5Bi1.5O2Cl

A Bi-based oxychloride Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂Cl with a layered structure as a novel efficient photocatalyst was studied in the present paper. The powder was synthesized by a solid state reaction method. It was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrum. Degradation of methyl orange was used to evaluate the photocatalytic activity. The as-synthesized Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂Cl has a smaller optical band gap of 3.04 eV than BiOCl (E_g = 3.44 eV). It possesses a fair visible-light-response ability. The UV-induced photocatalytic activity follows the decreasing order of BiOCl > Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂Cl > TiO₂, different from the order of Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂Cl > TiO₂ > BiOCl under visible light irradiation. The dispersion of Pt over Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂Cl leads to an obvious increase in the photocatalytic performance. The internal electric fields between [Na_0.5Bi_1.5O₂] and [Cl] slabs favor the efficient separation of photostimulated electron–hole pairs.     

Novel Bi2WO6‐coupled Fe3O4 Magnetic Photocatalysts: Preparation,Characterization and Photodegradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride

Novel Bi₂WO₆‐coupled Fe₃O₄ magnetic photocatalysts with excellent and stable photocatalytic activity for degrading tetracycline hydrochloride and RhB were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal route. Through the characterization of the as‐prepared magnetic photocatalysts by X‐ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, it was found that the as‐prepared magnetic photocatalysts were synthesized by the coupling of Bi₂WO₆ and Fe₃O₄, and introduction of appropriated Fe₃O₄ can improve nanospheres morphology and visible‐light response. Among them, BFe2 (0.16% Fe₃O₄) exhibited the best photocatalytic activity for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), reaching 81.53% after 90 min. Meanwhile, the as‐prepared magnetic photocatalysts showed great separation and recycle property. Moreover, the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the well conductivity of Fe₃O₄ can promote photogenerated charge carriers transfer and inhibit recombination of electron–hole pairs, so that Bi₂WO₆/Fe₃O₄ exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity on degradation of TCH and RhB. Hence, this work provides a principle method to synthesize Bi₂WO₆/Fe₃O₄ with excellent photocatalytic performance for actual application, in addition, it showed that introduction of Fe₃O₄ not only can provide magnetism, but also can enhance photocatalytic activity of Bi₂WO₆/Fe₃O₄ magnetic photocatalysts.     

Sustainable fabrication of silver-titania nanocomposites using goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) fruit extract and their photocatalytic and antibacterial applications

Silver-titania nanocomposites (Ag-TiO₂ NCs) have unique functional attributes due to their photocatalytic and antibacterial properties. In this study, titania nanoparticles (TiO₂-NPs) were successfully in-situ decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using the aqueous extract of goji berries (Lycium barbarum L.) as a bioreducing and stabilizing agent. Different Ag-TiO₂ NCs were synthesized by treating different concentrations of silver nitrate with a specific concentration of TiO₂-NPs in the presence of fruit extract. The green-synthesized NCs were characterized using several techniques viz., ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed the formation of face-centered cubic (fcc) crystals, and FE-TEM analysis revealed the embedment of Ag-NPs throughout the surface of TiO₂-NPs. The average size of Ag-NPs on TiO₂-NPs increased from 11.2 ± 3.05 nm to 16.4 ± 4.5 nm with an increase in the concentration of silver ions, and the morphology of Ag-NPs was predominantly quasi-spherical and hexagonal. These NCs exhibited an excellent photocatalytic degradation of an azo dye, methylene blue (MB). The synthesized Ag-TiO₂ NCs (3:1) showed higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency of ∼ 93.4% for MB in 130 min under visible light irradiation. Ag-TiO₂ NC_S also exhibited good antibacterial activities towards Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). Therefore, the formation of Ag-NPs on the surface of TiO₂-NPs to form Ag-TiO₂ NCs exhibits eco-friendly photocatalytic degradation of azo dye contaminants as well as antibacterial activity.     

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene using MWCNT/β-ZnMoO4 composites under UV light emitting diodes (LEDs)

The β-ZnMoO₄/MWCNT nanocrystal composites were synthesized using hydrothermal method. The physicochemical properties such as structure, morphology and bandgap of synthesized photocatalysts were characterized using PXRD, UV-vis DRS, FTIR, FT-Raman, SEM and TEM analytical methods. PXRD pattern shows the peak shift in the case of synthesized ZnMoO₄/MWCNT which confirms the formation of nanocomposites. Moreover, the strong absorbance in UV region which was evidenced in UV-vis DRS spectra for all the case of synthesized ZnMoO₄ and ZnMoO₄/MWCNT composites. From the SEM and TEM images, the MWCNT was found to have adhered over the ZnMoO₄ nanocrystals. Compared to bare β-ZnMoO₄, β-ZnMoO₄/MWCNT nanocrystal composites exhibited significant higher photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UVLEDs) irradiation for the degradation of nitrobenzene (NB; 2.606 × 10^?4 M). This may be due to the effective charge transfer in the composite and optimized electron hole pair recombination. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized photocatalysts was also studied under visible LEDs and it is observed that the photocatalytic degradation of NB was 97%, 77%, 65% and 52% under the irradiation of UV, blue, green, and red LEDs respectively.     

Visible-light-driven heterostructure Ag/Bi2WO6 nanocomposites synthesized by photodeposition method and used for photodegradation of rhodamine B dye

Visible-light-driven heterostructure Ag/Bi₂WO₆ nanocomposites were prepared by transforming Ag⁺ ions into metallic Ag⁰ nanoparticles loaded on top of Bi₂WO₆ nanoplates under visible light irradiation for 1 h. XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM analyses indicated that spherical metallic Ag nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on top of orthorhombic Bi₂WO₆ thin nanoplates. Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as a dye model for investigation of photocatalytic performance of Bi₂WO₆ nanoplates with different weight contents of Ag nanoparticles illuminated by visible radiation. In this research, 10% Ag/Bi₂WO₆ nanocomposites have the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of RhB at 94.21% within 210 min because of the rapid diffusion of electronic charge through the Schottky barrier between metallic Ag nanoparticles and Bi₂WO₆ thin nanoplates, good electrical conductivity of metallic Ag nanoparticles, inhibited recombination of charge carriers and enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag/Bi₂WO₆ nanocomposites. Main active species of the photocatalysis and stability of the photocatalyst were also evaluated.

     

Preparation of bismuth sulfide nanoparticles as targeted biocompatible nano-radiosensitizer and carrier of methotrexate

In this study, Bi₂S₃@BSA–Bio–MTX nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized for the first time by bovine serum albumin (BSA)-mediated biomineralization (Bi₂S₃@BSA NPs) followed by covalent bonding of biotin (Bio) and methotrexate (MTX) on the surface of the Bi₂S₃@BSA NPs via carbodiimide chemistry. The synthesized NPs were globular and exhibited uniform morphology with a hydrodynamic diameter of 107.6 ± 6.81 nm (mean ± standard deviation) and zeta potential of −20.9 ± 2.18 mV. Drug release from Bi₂S₃@BSA–Bio–MTX NPs indicated an enzyme-dependent release pattern. The in vitro biocompatibility of NPs was confirmed by investigating their cytotoxicity against the HEK-293 cell line and hemolysis assay test, whereas the in vivo biocompatibility of the NPs was evaluated and confirmed by the lethal dose 50 (LD₅₀) test. To evaluate the in vitro anticancer activity of the functionalized NPs and MTX, their cytotoxic effects was assessed against 4T1 cancer cells by 5-dimethylthiazol-z-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with and without X-ray radiation. Results showed that Bi₂S₃@BSA–Bio–MTX NPs have excellent anticancer activity, especially following X-ray radiation.     

Enhanced visible‐light‐driven photocatalytic activity of F doped reduced graphene oxide ‐ Bi2WO6 photocatalyst

The reduced graphene oxide‐Bi₂WO₆ (rGO‐BWO) photocatalysts with the different R_F/O values (molar ratio of the F molar mass and the O's molar mass of Bi₂WO₆) had been successfully synthesized via one‐step hydrothermal method. The F‐doped rGO‐BWO samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction patterns (XRD), field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐ESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area (BET), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The results indicate that F^? ions had been successfully doped into rGO‐BWO samples. With the increasing of the R_F/O values from 0 to 2%, the evident change of the morphology and the absorption edges of F‐doped rGO‐BWO samples and the photocatalytic activities had been enhanced. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of F‐doped rGO‐BWO with R_F/O = 0.05 were better than rGO‐BWO and the other F‐doped rGO‐BWO under 500 W Xe lamp light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the morphology of the intact microsphere that signify the bigger specific surface area for providing more possible reaction sites for the adsorption–desorption equilibrium of photocatalytic reaction, the introduction of F^? ions that may cause the enhancement of surface acidity and creation of oxygen vacancies under visible light irradiation, the narrower band gap which means needing less energy for the electron hole pair transition.     

Synthesis of Bi2WO6/Bi2O3 Composite with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity by a Facile One‐step Hydrothermal Synthesis Route

In this study, the characterization and photocatalytic activity of Bi₂WO₆/Bi₂O₃ under visible‐light irradiation was investigated in detail. The results suggested that Bi₂WO₆/Bi₂O₃ can be synthesized by a facile one‐pot hydrothermal route using a super big 200 mL Teflon‐lined autoclave with optimal sodium oleate/Bi molar ratio of 1.25. Through the characterization of Bi₂WO₆/Bi₂O₃ by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectra and Photoluminescence spectra, it was found that the as‐prepared composite possessed smaller crystallite size and higher visible‐light responsive than the pure Bi₂WO₆. Moreover, it was expected that the as‐prepared composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Rhodamine B under visible‐light irradiation, which could be ascribed to their improved light absorption property and the reduced recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes during the photocatalytic reaction. In general, this study could provide a principle method to synthesize Bi₂WO₆/Bi₂O₃ with enhanced photocatalytic activity by one‐step hydrothermal synthesis route for environmental purification.     

Regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway with synthesized bismuth oxide nanoparticles from Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract: Mitigating the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells

In order to overcome the limitations of conventional therapeutic systems in the treatment of cancer, nanoparticles (NPs) have been rapidly produced and developed as a separate treatment method for control of cancer. Synthesis of nanoparticles using plant-based materials (green synthesis), due to the easy and cost-effective synthesis, production of non-toxic, sustainable and environmentally friendly products, can be considered the most appropriate method for preparation of NPs. In this study, after synthesis of Bi₂O₃ NPs using Ginger (Zingiber officinale) root (rhizome) extract, the synthesized NPs were characterized and their potential application as selective anticancer agents against HCT116 colorectal cancer cells was evaluated through regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, whereas the human kidney (HK-2) cells were used as normal cells. FTIR analysis showed a band at 673 cm^?1 attributed to Bi-O vibration with a fingerprint region at 1291 cm^?1 demonstrating the attachment of the organic molecules to the synthesized Bi₂O₃ NPs. UV–visible study showed a λ_max of around 268 nm, whereas XRD analysis showed eight clear peaks, demonetizing the crystalline phase of synthesized Bi₂O₃ NPs. TEM analysis showed that spherical-shaped Bi₂O₃ NPs have a size range of 20–50 nm with a man size of around 35 nm. Finally, DLS analysis determined that Bi₂O₃ NPs have a hydrodynamic size of about 71.19 nm (PDI of 0.179) and a zeta potential value of ?44.39 mV, revealing the good colloidal stability of NPs. Cellular assays (MTT, LDH, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR) showed that synthesized Bi₂O₃ NPs selectively induced anticancer effects against HCT116 colorectal cancer cells through membrane leakage, generation of ROS, induction of apoptosis via dysregulation of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 at mRNA level mediated via regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, it may be suggested that the presence study could provide useful information for the potential anticancer effects mediated by synthesized Bi₂O₃ NPs in vitro, although further studies, including in vivo studies and clinical trials, are needed to support our findings.     

Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activities of porous olive-shaped sulfur-doped BiVO4-supported cobalt oxides

Porous S-doped bismuth vanadate with an olive-like morphology and its supported cobalt oxide (y wt% CoO_x/BiVO_4−δS_0.08, y = 0.1, 0.8, and 1.6) photocatalysts were fabricated using the dodecylamine-assisted alcohol-hydrothermal and incipient wetness impregnation methods, respectively. It is shown that the y wt% CoO_x/BiVO_4−δS_0.08 photocatalysts were single-phase with a monoclinic scheetlite structure, a porous olive-like morphology, a surface area of 8.8–9.2 m²/g, and a bandgap energy of 2.38–2.41 eV. There was the co-presence of surface Bi⁵⁺, Bi³⁺, V⁵⁺, V³⁺, Co³⁺, and Co²⁺ species in y wt% CoO_x/BiVO_4−δS_0.08. The 0.8 wt% CoO_x/BiVO_4−δS_0.08 sample performed the best for methylene blue degradation under visible-light illumination. The photocatalytic mechanism was also discussed. We believe that the sulfur and CoO_x co-doping, higher oxygen adspecies concentration, and lower bandgap energy were responsible for the excellent visible-light-driven catalytic activity of 0.8 wt% CoO_x/BiVO_4−δS_0.08.