Long Chain Fatty Acid Affects Excited State Branching in Bilirubin-Human Serum Protein Complex?

After binding to human serum albumin, bilirubin could undergo photo-isomerization and photo-induced cyclization process. The latter process would result the formation of a product, named as lumirubin. These photo induced behaviors are the fundamental of clinical therapy for neonatal jaundice. Previous studies have reported that the addition of long chain fatty acids is beneficial to the generation of lumirubin, yet no kinetic study has revealed the mechanism behind. In this study, how palmitic acid affects the photochemical reaction process of bilirubin in Human serum albumin (HSA) is studied by using femtosecond transient absorption and fluorescence up-conversion techniques. With the addition of palmitic acid, the excited population of bilirubin prefers to return to its hot ground state (S₀) through a 4 ps decay channel rather than the intrinsic ultrafast decay pathways (< 1 ps). This effect prompts the Z-Z to E-Z isomerization at the S$_0$ state and then further increases the production yield of lumirubin. This is the first time to characterize the promoting effect of long chain fatty acid in the process of phototherapy with femtosecond time resolution spectroscopy and the results can provide useful information to benefit the relevant clinical study.     

The spin-forbidden reaction CH(2∏) + N2→ HCN + N(4S) revisited I. Ab initio study of the potential energy surfaces

High-level ab initio electronic structure theories have been applied to investigate the detailed reaction mechanism of the spin-forbidden reaction CH(²∏) + N₂ → HCN + N(⁴S). The G2M(RCC) calculations provide accurate energies for the intermediates and transition states involved in the reaction, whereas the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) method overestimates the stability of some intermediates by as much as about 10 kcal/mol. A few new structures have been found for both the doublet and quartet electronic states, which are mainly involved in the dative pathways. However, due to the higher energies of these structures, the dominant mechanism remains the one involving the C ₂ intersystem-crossing step. The C ₂ minima on the seam of crossing (MSX) structures and the spin-orbit coupling between the doublet and quartet electronic states are rather close to those found in previous studies. Vibrational frequencies orthogonal to the normal of the seam which have been applied in a separate publication to calculate the rate of the CH(²∏) + N₂ → HCN + N(⁴S) reaction with a newly proposed nonadiabatic transition-state theory for spin-forbidden reactions have been calculated at the MSX from first principles. Received: 23 June 1998 / Accepted: 21 September 1998 / Published online: 8 February 1999     

半花菁类非绝热紫外保护机理的超快光谱研究

本文首次结合理论计算与瞬态吸收光谱,阐明了典型的半花菁类化合物Hemicy和Dhemicy的紫外光防护动力学机理. 理论和实验证明,Hemicy和Dhemicy在UVC、UVB和UVA区域都有很强的吸收能力. Hemicy和Dhemicy吸收能量后跃迁到激发态. Hemicy和Dhemicy在S$ _1 $态和S$ _0 $态势能曲线的圆锥交点处,经历从S$ _1 $态到S$ _0 $态的非绝热弛豫和顺式反异构化光物理过程. 瞬态吸收光谱表明反式-顺式光异构化过程将在几皮秒内发生. 因此,通过非绝热反式-顺式光异构化过程快速地弛豫掉Hemicy和Dhemicy吸收的能量.     

The on-the-fly surface-hopping program system Newton-X: Application to ab initio simulation of the nonadiabatic photodynamics of benchmark systems

The great importance of ultrafast phenomena in photochemistry and photobiology has made dynamics simulations an essential methodology in these areas. In this work, we present the Newton-X program package containing a new implementation of a direct dynamics approach to perform adiabatic (Born–Oppenheimer) and nonadiabatic simulations. The nonadiabatic dynamics is based on Tully's surface hopping approach. The program has been developed with the aim of (1) to create a flexible tool to be used in connection with a multitude of third-party electronic-structure program packages and (2) to provide the most common options for excited-state dynamics simulations. Benchmark calculations on the nonadiabatic dynamics are presented for the methaniminium, butatriene and pentadieniminium cations. The simulation of UV absorption spectra is presented for the methaniminium cation and pyrazine.     

3-羟基对氧萘酮分子内激发态质子转移反应位能面和机理的研究

用MNDO和INDO-SCF-CI法研究了3-羟基对氧萘酮分子内激发态质子转移反应基态和激发态的位能面,求得相应能垒△E₁、△E₂和荧光移位,并对光化学反应机理进行了探讨.     

9—羟基苯并萘酮的结构和激发态质子转移过程

用INDO系列方法对9-羟基苯并萘酮的结构和激发态质子转移过程进行了理论研究,求得基态和激发态反应的位能面、势垒和过渡态,对反应机理进行了探讨。     

值得引入物理化学教材的重要内容:势能面交叉

势能面交叉既是内转换和系间窜越的实际通道,也是联系光化学和热化学的重要桥梁。势能面交叉引起的非绝热过程广泛存在于各种生物、化学和材料的体系当中。笔者建议将势能面交叉的相关内容引入物理化学课程的教材中,因为这不但会使教材内容更加丰富和成体系,而且有利于学生了解科技发展前沿,激发他们探索未知的兴趣。     

Optical nonlinearity of organic dyes as studied by Z-scan and transient grating techniques

The excited state absorption cross-section of 5,5′-dichloro-11-diphenyl-amino-3,3′-diethyl-10, 12-ethylinethiatricarbocyanine perchlorate (IR140) have been measured by using a single beam transmission technique. Z-scan experiments have been used to find out a few nonlinear parameters. The excited state relaxation times have also been measured by using laser induced transient grating (LITG) technique.     

2,4-二硫代尿嘧啶的紫外吸收光谱和共振拉曼光谱

硫代嘧啶碱基是光动力疗法潜在的重要光敏剂,其最低单重激发态的光物理研究已有广泛报道。然而,其较高激发态的跃迁性质和反应动力学研究较为稀少。因此,本文采用共振拉曼光谱和密度泛函理论计算方法研究2,4-二硫代尿嘧啶的紫外光谱和几个较高单重激发态的短时结构动力学。首先,基于共振拉曼光谱强度与电子吸收带振子强度f的关系,将紫外光谱去卷积成四个吸收带,分别为358 nm(f=0.0336)中等强度吸收带(A带),338 nm(f=0.1491)、301 nm(f=0.1795)和278 nm(f=0.3532)强而宽的吸收带(B、C和D带)。这一结果既吻合密度泛函理论计算结果,又符合共振拉曼光谱强度模式对紫外光谱带的预期。据此,去卷积得到的四个吸收带被分别指认为S0→S2跃迁、S0→S6跃迁、S0→S7跃迁和S_0→S_8跃迁。同时,分别对B,C和D带共振拉曼光谱进行了详细的指认,获得了短时动力学信息。结果表明,S_8态短时动力学的显著特征是在Franck-Condon区域或附近发生了S8(ππ~*)/S(nπ~*)势能面交叉引发的、伴随超快结构扭转的非绝热过程。S7和S6态短时动力学的主要特征是反应坐标的多维性,它们分别沿C_5C_6/C_2S_8/C_4S_(10)/N_2C_3+C_4N_3H_9/N_1C_2N_3/C_2N_1C_6/C_6N_1H_7/C_5C_6H_(12)和C_5C_6/N_3C_2/C_4S_(10)/C_2S_8+C_6N_1H_7/C_5C_6H_(12)/C_5C_6N_1/C_5C_6H_(12)/C_2N_1C_6/N_1C_2N_3/C_4N_3H_9/N_1C_2N_3等内坐标演化。     

HCO基态($widetilde X$$^{2}$A')与激发态($widetilde A$$^{2}$A\")的全维势能面与吸收光谱

本文利用神经网络方法构建了HCO体系的基态($widetilde X$^2$A')与第一激发态($widetilde A$^2$A\")的高精度全维势能面. 利用含Davidson修正的内收缩MRCI-F12方法结合非常大的ACV5Z基组,共计算了4624个从头算点,且没有采取任何标度方案. 平衡构型、解离能、振动基频等与实验吻合很好. 与Ndengué等人的此前经标度得到的势能面相比,本文势能面计算的吸收光谱强度略大,峰值位置向更小的能量偏移了几十个波. 结果表明标度势能将会对动力学结果产生一些难以预测的影响. 然而,基于之前标度的势能面计算得到的共振能量比本文的结果更接近实验值,尽管如此,本文新发展的非标度高级别势能面仍有望为之后HCO体系的光解和碰撞动力学的实验和理论研究提供一些理论基础.     

Theoretical studies of the potential energy surface and wavepacket dynamics of the Li3 system

The three-dimensional (3D) potential energy surface of the ground state of Li₃ was determined by the multireference configuration interaction method. The vibrational motions and pseudorotation were investigated by a 3D time-dependent wavepacket formalism. The analytical expression of the 3D surface is given and the results of vibrational analyses at several critical points are presented. The low-lying excited states of Li₃ were examined for the C _{2 v} structure and the vertical and adiabatic excitation energies were calculated. The ground and singlet excited states of Li₂ were calculated and their spectroscopic constants compare well with the experimental values. A 3D wavepacket calculation was performed for simulations of the stimulated emission pumping spectrum in which the A state was taken as an intermediate. The recurrences of the autocorrelation functions were characterized by classical trajectory calculations. The autocorrelation functions obtained by wavepacket propagation are reproduced well by the accumulation of the classical trajectories in the short-time region. Received: 2 July 1998 / Accepted: 3 September 1998 / Published online: 8 February 1999     

Some reflections on characterizing potential surfaces for gas-phase ionic reactions

Gas phase ionic chemistry has become an essential element in our general understanding of chemical reactivity. Obtaining experimental data and then extracting information about the potential surfaces for ionic reactions in the gas phase has been critical in making the connections between gas phase and solution ionic chemistry. In this paper we discuss insights that have been important in developing some of the methodologies that are currently used in analyzing gas phase data.     

Exploring the lowest energy triplet potential energy surface for cyclic C4H4 isomers with the complete basis set ab initio method. Is the transformation of triafulvene into cyclobutadiene possible in their excited states?

High level computational studies were performed with the aim being to explore the possibility of converting the experimentally available triafulvene into the hard-to-detect cyclobutadiene. The method is based on the simple approach used to excite triafulvene into the triplet state, and then through various reaction channels, come to the aromatic triplet cyclobutadiene. Triplet cyclobutadiene is only a few kcal/mol higher in energy than singlet cyclobutadiene and should be easily relaxed into the latter. Several reaction pathways that include only a concerted mechanism, as well as reaction pathways that include the radical formation–recombination were also explored. Some possible approaches for experimentally obtaining the singlet or triplet cyclobutadiene were suggested.