Quantum information entropies of the eigenstates for the Pschl-Teller-like potential

Shannon entropy for lower position and momentum eigenstates of Pschl-Teller-like potential is evaluated. Based on the entropy densities demonstrated graphically, we note that the wave through of the position information entropy density ρ(x) moves right when the potential parameter V1 increases and its amplitude decreases. However, its wave through moves left with the increase in the potential parameter |V2|. Concerning the momentum information entropy density ρ(p), we observe that its amplitude increases with increasing potential parameter V1 , but its amplitude decreases with increasing |V2|. The Bialynicki-Birula-Mycielski (BBM) inequality has also been tested for a number of states. Moreover, there exist eigenstates that exhibit squeezing in the momentum information entropy. Finally, we note that position information entropy increases with V1 , but decreases with |V2|. However, the variation of momentum information entropy is contrary to that of the position information entropy.     

Shannon information entropies for rectangular multiple quantum well systems with constant total lengths

We first study the Shannon information entropies of constant total length multiple quantum well systems and then explore the effects of the number of wells and confining potential depth on position and momentum information entropy density as well as the corresponding Shannon entropy.We find that for small full width at half maximum(FWHM) of the position entropy density,the FWHM of the momentum entropy density is large and vice versa.By increasing the confined potential depth,the FWHM of the position entropy density decreases while the FWHM of the momentum entropy density increases.By increasing the potential depth,the frequency of the position entropy density oscillation within the quantum barrier decreases while that of the position entropy density oscillation within the quantum well increases.By increasing the number of wells,the frequency of the position entropy density oscillation decreases inside the barriers while it increases inside the quantum well.As an example,we might localize the ground state as well as the position entropy densities of the1 st,2 nd,and 6 th excited states for a four-well quantum system.Also,we verify the Bialynicki–Birula–Mycieslki(BBM)inequality.     

Nonrelativistic Shannon information entropy for Kratzer potential

The Shannon information entropy is investigated within the nonrelativistic framework. The Kratzer potential is considered as the interaction and the problem is solved in a quasi-exact analytical manner to discuss the ground and first excited states. Some interesting features of the information entropy densities as well as the probability densities are demonstrated.The Bialynicki–Birula–Mycielski inequality is also tested and found to hold for these cases.     

Properties of the P_c(4312) pentaquark and its bottom partner

We present an analysis of the newly observed pentaquark P_c(4312)~+ to shed light on its quantum numbers.To do that,the QCD sum rules approach is used.The measured mass of this particle is close to the ∑_c~(++)D~-threshold and has a small width,which supports the possibility of its being a molecular state.We consider an interpolating current in a molecular form and analyze both the positive and negative parity states with spin-1/2.We also consider the bottom counterpart of the state with similar molecular form.Our mass result for the charm pentaquark state supports that the quantum numbers of the observed state are consistent with J~P=1/2~-.     

Swap of Information between Two-End States in an Open Ferromagnetic Spin Chaint

The bidirectional transfer of information can be realized in an open Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain. The information is encoded in the probability distributions of the states at two end spins. The relative entropy is used to evaluate the effective transmission of the probability. The evolution of the relative entropy shows a periodical behavior. The period is increased with increasing the length of the chain and the magnetic field while it decreases with increasing the coupling strength.     

Fisher and Shannon information entropies for a noncentral inversely quadratic plus exponential Mie-type potential

In this work, we determine the Fisher and Shannon entropies, the expectation values and the squeeze state for a noncentral inversely quadratic plus exponential Mie-type potential analytically.The proposed potential is solved under the Schr?dinger equation using a special Greene Aldrich approximation to the centrifugal term to obtain a normalised wave function within the framework of the Nikiforov–Uvarov method. Numerical results are obtained for different screening parameters:α?=?0.1, 0.12 and 0.13 for varying real constant parameter(B). The numerical solutions are obtained only for ground state. The numerical results of Fisher entropy both for position and momentum spaces are in good agreement with existing literature. The normalisation constant, wave function, and probability density plots are carried out using a well designed Mathematica algorithm.The Fourier transform of position space entropy gives the momentum space entropy.     

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of Mn5Ge3-xGax

We report on the magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects of Mn5Ge3-xGax compounds with x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.6 and 0.9. All samples crystallize in the hexagonal Mn5Si3-type structure with space group P63/mcm and order ferromagnetically.The Curie temperature of these compounds decreases with increasing x, from 306K (x=0.1) to 274K (x=0.9).The average Mn magnetic moments increases with increasing Ga content,reaching a maximum value at x=0.6.The magnetic entropy changes in these compounds are determined from the temperature and field dependence of the magnetization using the thermodynamic Maxwell relation.The Ga substitution has two kinds of influence on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of Mn5Ge3.One is that the magnitude of the magnetic entropy change decreases,the other is that the MCE peak becomes broadened.     

Approximate energies and thermal properties of a position-dependent mass charged particle under external magnetic fields

We solve the Schr?dinger equation with a position-dependent mass(PDM) charged particle interacted via the superposition of the Morse-plus-Coulomb potentials and is under the influence of external magnetic and Aharonov–Bohm(AB) flux fields. The nonrelativistic bound state energies together with their wave functions are calculated for two spatially-dependent mass distribution functions. We also study the thermal quantities of such a system. Further, the canonical formalism is used to compute various thermodynamic variables for second choosing mass by using the Gibbs formalism. We give plots for energy states as a function of various physical parameters. The behavior of the internal energy, specific heat, and entropy as functions of temperature and mass density parameter in the inverse-square mass case for different values of magnetic field are shown.     

Localization of s-Wave and Quantum Effective Potential of a Quasi-free Particle with Position-Dependent Mass

The properties of the 8-wave for a quasl-free partide with position-dependent mass （PDM） have been discussed in details. Differed from the system with constant mass in which the localization of the s-wave for the free quantum particle around the origin only occurs in two dimensions, the quasi-free particle with PDM can experience attractive forces in D dimensions except D = 1 when its mass function satisfies some conditions. The effective mass of a particle varying with its position can induce effective interaction, which may be attractive in some cases. The analytical expressions of the eigenfunctions and the corresponding probability densities for the 8-waves of the two- and three-dimensional systems with a special PDM are given, and the existences of localization around the origin for these systems are shown.     

Measures of genuine multipartite entanglement for graph states

Graph states are special multipartite entangled states that have been proven useful in a variety of quantum information tasks. We address the issue of characterizing and quantifying the genuine multipartite entanglement of graph states up to eight qubits. The entanglement measures used are the geometric measure, the relative entropy of entanglement, and the logarithmic robustness, have been proved to be equal for the genuine entanglement of a graph state. We provide upper and lower bounds as well as an iterative algorithm to determine the genuine multipartite entanglement.     

Information Entropy Squeezing for a Atom in Mode-Mode Competition System

The entropy squeezing properties for a two-level atom interacting with a two-mode field via two different competing transitions are investigated from a quantum information point of view. The influences of the initial state of the system and the relative coupling strength between the atom and the field on the atomic information entropy squeezing are discussed. Our results show that the squeezed direction and the frequency of the information entropy squeezing can be controlled by choosing the phase of the atom dipole and the relative competing strength of atom-field, respectively. We find that, under the same condition, no atomic variance squeezing is predicted from the HUR while optimal entropy squeezing is obtained from the EUR, so the quantum information entropy is a remarkable precision measure for the atomic squeezing in the considered system.     

η-nucleus bound states in nuclei

The binding energies η and widths Γη of η-mesic nuclei are calculated.We parameterize the η self-energy in the nuclear medium as a function of energy and density.We find that the single-particle energies are sensitive to the scattering length,and increase monotonically with the nucleus.The key point for the study of η-nucleus bound states is the η-nuclear optical potential.We study the s-wave interactions of η mesons in a nuclear medium and obtain the optical potential Uη≈ -72 MeV.Comparing our results with the previous results,we find that the ηN scattering length aηN is indeed important to the calculations.With increasing nuclear density the effective mass of the η meson decreases.     

η-nucleus bound states in nuclei

The binding energies εη and widths Гη of wmesic nuclei are calculated. We parameterize the η self-energy in the nuclear medium as a function of energy and density. We find that the single-particle energies are sensitive to the scattering length, and increase monotonically with the nucleus. The key point for the study of η-nucleus bound states is the η-nuclear optical potential. We study the s-wave interactions of η mesons in a nuclear medium and obtain the optical potential Uη ≈ -72 MeV. Comparing our results with the previous results, we find that the ηN scattering length aηN is indeed important to the calculations. With increasing nuclear density the effective mass of the η meson decreases.     

Charge density at the nucleus and radial behavior of ground state for lithium-like ions with Z = 21 to 30

By using the full-core plus correlation (FCPC) type wave functions, the accurate charge densities ρ(0) at the nucleus and the radial expectation values of the ground states for the lithium-like systems with Z = 21 to 30 are obtained. The determinantal conditions and the electron-nucleus cusp condition are used to calculate the inequalities of the upper and the lower bounds to ρ(0) with two or more expectation values. These inequalities, derived by Angulo and Dehesa [Phys. Rev. A 44 1516 (1991)], are verified to be also valid for these ions with higher nuclear charge. The present results show that the wave functions used in this paper are satisfactory in the whole configuration space for these ions with higher nuclear charge.     

Built-in electric field effect on cyclotron mass of magnetopolarons in a wurtzite In_xGa_（1-x）N/GaN quantum well

The cyclotron mass of magnetopolarons in wurtzite In x Ga 1 x N/GaN quantum well is studied in the presence of an external magnetic field by using the Larsen perturbation method.The effects of the built-in electric field and different phonon modes including interface,confined and half-space phonon modes are considered in our calculation.The results for a zinc-blende quantum well are also given for comparison.It is found that the main contribution to the transition energy comes from half-space and interface phonon modes when the well width is very small while the confined modes play a more important role in a wider well due to the location of the electron wave function.As the well width increases,the cyclotron mass of magnetopolarons first increases to a maximum and then decreases either with or without the built-in electric field in the wurtzite structure and the built-in electric field slightly reduces the cyclotron mass.The variation of cyclotron mass in a zinc-blende structure is similar to that in a wurtzite structure.With the increase of external magnetic field,the cyclotron mass of polarons almost linearly increases.The cyclotron frequency of magnetopolarons is also discussed.     

Travelling Wave in the Generalized Kuramoto Model with Inertia

We study the dynamics of the generalized Kuramoto model with inertia,in which oscillators with positive coupling strength are conformists and oscillators with negative coupling strength are contrarians.By numerically simulating the model,we find that the model supports a modulated travelling wave state except for already displayed travelling wave states and π state in previous literature.The modulated travelling wave state may be characterized by the phase distributions of oscillators.Finally,the modulated travelling wave state and the travelling wave state of the model in the parameter space are presented.     

Wigner Function：from Ensemble Average of Density Operator to Its Matrix Element in Entangled Pure States

We show that the Wigner function W=Tr(Δρ)( an ensemble average of the density operator ρ，Δis the Wigner operator) can be expressed as a matrix element of ρ in the entangled pure states.In doing so,converting from quantum master equations to time-evolution equation of the Wigner functions seems direct and concise,The entangled states are defined in the enlarged Fock space with a fictitious freedom.     

THERMOELECTRIC POWER IN (Gd,Sm)1.85Ce0.15CuO4 SYSTEM

Thermoelectric power measurements are reported for seven samples with different x in the Gd_1.85-xSm_xCe_0.15CuO₄ system at temperatures ranging from 80K to 300K. For Sm-rich superconducting samples, thermoelectric power S has a small negative value and is almost temperature independent. As the content of Sm decreases, the absolute value of S increases and a broad valley appears in the S(T) curve. The results which can be interpreted in terms of a two-channel model support the existence of mid-gap states with Fermi level close to the minimum of the density of states as well as the coexistence of electron and hole carriers. It is suggested that a linear temperature dependence of S with a small negative slope is close to the intrinsic behavior in the a-b plane of normal states for superconducting samples.     

Tsallis relative α entropy of coherence dynamics in Grover′s search algorithm

Quantum coherence plays a central role in Grover’s search algorithm. We study the Tsallis relative a entropy of coherence dynamics of the evolved state in Grover’s search algorithm. We prove that the Tsallis relative a entropy of coherence decreases with the increase of the success probability, and derive the complementarity relations between the coherence and the success probability. We show that the operator coherence of the first H■ relies on the size of the database N, the success probabilit...