Discussion of a proof,given by selleri and tarozzi,of the nonlocality of quantum mechanics

Three different interpretations of quantum mechanics are investigated in order to see whether a claim by Selleri and Tarozzi, to the effect that quantum mechanics is observably nonlocal, can be substantiated. It is demonstrated that none of these interpretations does support the claim.     

Stochastic interpretations of nonrelativistic quantum theory

A critique of the causla and classical stochastic interpretations of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics is presented. The only way that the classical stochastic formulation can be made compatible with the theory of quantum measurement is to extend the probability measure density for fluctuating paths to the complex domain. In doing so, we obtain the generalized stochiastic formulation in which the methods of classical probability theory can be used to describe the quantum mechanical phenomenon of interfering alternatives. Illustrative examples from quantum theory are used to show the complete compatibility between the traditional and generalized stochastic interpretations of quantum mechanics. Work supported in part by a contribution from the CNR.     

Four dimensions and reference “frames”: Some operational interpretations

Operational interpretations of the four-dimensionality of our universe and of the reference “frames” of relativity theory are presented. The interpretations display a property intriguingly similar to the Pauli exclusion principle of quantum physics.     

Nonlocality in Relativistic Dynamics

Recent experiments have renewed interest in nonlocal interpretations of quantum mechanics. The experimental observation of the violation of Bell's inequalities implies the existence of nonlocality. Bohm expressed the nonlocal connection between quantum particles through the wave function and the quantum potential. This paper shows that a similar connection exists in a relativistic dynamical theory known as parametrized relativistic quantum theory (PRQT). We present an introduction to PRQT, derive the quantum potential for a system of relativistic scalar particles, and discuss alternative interpretations of nonlocality.     

Pure Quantum Interpretations Are?not?Viable

Pure interpretations of quantum theory, which throw away the classical part of the Copenhagen interpretation without adding new structure to its quantum part, are not viable. This is a consequence of a non-uniqueness result for the canonical operators.     

从分数量子霍尔效应到拓扑量子计算

分数量子霍尔效应系统是奇异的量子液体,其中的准粒子激发可以带分数电荷,甚至具有非阿贝尔的统计性质。理论研究表明,这些准粒子可以用来实现在硬件上可容错的量子计算,即拓扑量子计算。文章在介绍分数量子霍尔效应及其在拓扑量子计算中的潜在应用基础上,重点回顾了近五年来对填充因子为5/2的分数量子霍尔态中非阿贝尔准粒子的实验探测和部分相关理论诠释。     

A COINCIDENCE EXPERIMENT OF TWO COHERENT BEAMS OF THERMAL NEUTRONS

A beam of thermal neutrons is divided in two components by means of a Ge crystal and the time-coincidences of the particles of the two components are recorded. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions of different interpretations of the wave function in quantum mechanics: the statistical particle interpretation, and the pure-wave and stochastic wave-particle interpretations without wave-packet reduction. Unambiguous experimental evidence is thus obtained in favour of the statistical particle prediction and against the other predictions.     

Measurement in Bohm's versus Everett's quantum theory

The interpretations of measurements in Bohm's and Everett's quantum theories are compared. Since both theories are based on the assumption of a universally valid Schrödinger equation, they face the common problem of how to explain that arrow of time, which in conventional quantum theory is represented by the collapse of the wave function. Its solution requires, in a statistical sense, a very improbable initial condition for thetotal wave function of the universe. The historical importance of Bohm's quantum theory is pointed out.     

量子力学诠释问题

量子力学的建立不仅奠定了当代科学的基础,而且在推动当代技术革命方面取得了惊人的成功。然而,对于量子力学诠释(interpretation of quantum mechanics)——理解波函数如何刻画微观世界,人们迄今为止并未形成共识。量子力学发展的这种二元状态不仅带来了认识论方面的误导,而且依据备受争议的哥本哈根诠释建立起来的量子技术会有许多根本性问题。
量子力学的哥本哈根诠释存在二元结构的问题：微观世界的运动用量子力学描述,是一个幺正演化,而观察或测量却依赖于量子系统外部的经典世界(仪器、观察者、环境),表现出来的波包塌缩是非幺正的。为此,包括爱因斯坦、薛定谔、温伯格等在内的一些著名学者对哥本哈根诠释提出了尖锐的批评。80年过去了,为克服量子力学的哥本哈根诠释二元论困境,人们提出各种各样的量子力学诠释,包括多世界诠释、量子退相干诠释、自洽历史诠释以及量子达尔文主义等。文章将简要介绍和评述这些量子力学诠释的基本思想、它们之间的逻辑关系及其实验检验的可能性。进一步澄清量子力学诠释中的基本概念,可以避免量子观念滥用导致的意识论上的问题和量子技术发展误入歧途。     

An overview of the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics

The transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics (TI) is summarized and various points concerning the TI and its relation to the Copenhagen interpretation (CI) are considered. Questions concerning mapping the TI onto the CI, of advanced waves as solutions to proper wave equations, of collapse and the QM formalism, and of the relation of quantum mechanical interpretations to experimental tests and results are discussed.     

Hamiltonian Formulation of Statistical Ensembles and Mixed States of Quantum and Hybrid Systems

Representation of quantum states by statistical ensembles on the quantum phase space in the Hamiltonian form of quantum mechanics is analyzed. Various mathematical properties and some physical interpretations of the equivalence classes of ensembles representing a mixed quantum state in the Hamiltonian formulation are examined. In particular, non-uniqueness of the quantum phase space probability density associated with the quantum mixed state, Liouville dynamics of the probability densities and the possibility to represent the reduced states of bipartite systems by marginal distributions are discussed in detail. These considerations are used to study ensembles of hybrid quantum-classical systems. In particular, nonlinear evolution of a single hybrid system in a pure state and unequal evolutions of initially equivalent ensembles are discussed in the context of coupled hybrid systems.     

On the Interpretative Essence of the Term “Interaction-Free Measurement”: The Role of Entanglement

The polemical term “interaction-free measurement” (IFM) is analyzed in its interpretative nature. Two seminal works proposing the term are revisited and their underlying interpretations are assessed. The role played by nonlocal quantum correlations (entanglement) is formally discussed and some controversial conceptions in the original treatments are identified. As a result the term IFM is shown to be consistent neither with the standard interpretation of quantum mechanics nor with the lessons provided by the EPR debate.     

Foundations of quantum theory. Part 3

The traditional indeterminacy and realist interpretations for quantum theory are examined. A third interpretation is put forward, for which the Born statistical interpretation can be derived by setting up a model for the measuring process.     

The Measurement Process in the Generalized Contexts Formalism for Quantum Histories

In the interpretations of quantum mechanics involving quantum histories there is no collapse postulate and the measurement is considered as a quantum interaction between the measured system and the measured instrument. For two consecutive non ideal measurements on the same system, we prove that both pointer indications at the end of each measurement are compatible properties in our generalized context formalism for quantum histories. Inmediately after the first measurement an effective state for the measured system is deduced from the formalism, generalizing the state that would be obtained by applying the state collapse postulate.     

Wave-particle dualism and the interpretation of quantum mechanics

The realist interpretations of quantum theory, proposed by de Broglie and by Bohm, are re-examined and their differences, especially concerning many-particle systems and the relativistic regime, are explored. The impact of the recently proposed experiments of Vigier et al. and of Ghose et al. on the debate about the interpretation of quantum mechanics is discussed. An indication of how de Broglie and Bohm would account for these experimental results is given.     

Quantum measurement I. The measuring process and the interpretation of quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics and its interpretation are connected in a manifold way by the measuring process. The measuring apparatus serve as a means for the verification of the theory and are considered as physical objects also subject to the Jaws of this theory. On the basis of this interrelation some parts of the interpretation can be derived from other parts by means of quantum theory. On the other hand there are interpretations which must be excluded on the basis of the quantum theory of measurement.