Asymmetric supercapacitors based on high capacitance Ni6MnO8 and graphene

A fast, facile and cost-effective method is used to synthesize Ni₆MnO₈ electrode with high electrochemical performance. The supercapacitor based on Ni₆MnO₈ electrode exhibits excellent stability, high area specific capacitance and promising energy and power density.     

High performance hybrid supercapacitor based on hierarchical MoS2/Ni3S2 metal chalcogenide

Herein, we synthesized hierarchical MoS₂/Ni₃S₂ structures as electrode materials grown on nickel foam by a facile hydrothermal strategy. The hierarchical MoS₂/Ni₃S₂ structures show high specific capacitance.     

Ni2P负载量对Ni2P/Ce-Al2O3催化剂结构及萘加氢性能的影响

采用程序升温还原法制备了一系列Ni₂P/Ce-Al₂O₃催化剂,考察了制备过程中Ni₂P负载量对催化剂结构及萘加氢饱和性能的影响。结果表明,Ni₂P负载量可调控活性组分Ni₂P与载体Ce-Al₂O₃之间的相互作用,进而调变催化剂的比表面积、Ni₂P粒径及催化剂活性位点数量。当Ni₂P负载量（质量分数）为17%时,催化剂具有较大的比表面积（40 m²/g）、较小的Ni₂P粒径（26.3 nm）和最多的活性位点数量（26.7 μmol/g）;同时,该催化剂萘转化率为95%,十氢萘选择性为76%,且活性稳定性良好,这主要归因于催化剂大的比表面积和高的活性位点数量为反应提供了更多的场所。     

Ni2P和MoS2催化剂在喹啉加氢脱氮反应中的协同效应

设计实验证明了Ni₂P和MoS₂催化剂在喹啉加氢脱氮反应中存在协同效应,该协同效应能够用氢溢流遥控模型理论解释。Ni₂P//MoS₂的协同因子随反应温度升高而减小,并且略微大于相同反应条件下NiS_x//MoS₂的协同因子。Ni₂P产生的溢流氢能够提高MoS₂催化剂上加氢活性位的数量,促使Ni₂P//MoS₂催化体系增加1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉和5,6,7,8-四氢喹啉加氢生成十氢喹啉的速率,提高其脱氮活性;因此,Ni₂P对MoS₂催化剂是很好的助剂。     

Resonant two-photon dissociation of Ni2

Ni₂⁺ ions generated in a pulsed high-temperature plasma and cooled by supersonic expansion are photodissociated with tunable visible laser radiation. Resonant bound-bound absorption in the isolated ion is detected by the observation of Ni₂⁺ → Ni⁺ + Ni sequential two-photon dissociation. Progressions of vibronic bands with partially resolved rotational structure belonging to several distinct electronic transitions in Ni₂⁺ have been observed in the interval between 16250 and 23500 cm⁻¹. The appearance and preliminary analysis of this resonant two-photon dissociation (R2PD) spectrum will be discussed.     

Ni5P4/g-C3N4复合光催化剂的制备及光催化性能

使用尿素、 红磷和氯化镍为原料, 通过一种简单的焙烧方法合成了Ni₅P₄/g-C₃N₄光催化剂. 该催化剂形成的异质结可以降低界面电阻, 有效抑制光生电子-空穴对复合率. 以罗丹明B模拟污染物进行降解测试, 发现3NPC的反应速率常数最高, 几乎是g-C₃N₄的7倍, 并具有最高的光催化产氢能力, 制氢速率高达1013.88 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, 明显高于g-C₃N₄(664.38 μmol·g^-1·h^-1).     

Thermodynamic stabilities of NiTeO3 and Ni3TeO6 by solid oxide electrolyte e.m.f. method

The e.m.f. of the galvanic cells Pt,C,Te(l),NiTeO₃,NiO/15 YSZ/O₂ (P_o2 = 0.21 atm),Pt and Pt,C,NiTeO₃,Ni₃TeO₆,NiO/15 YSZ/O₂ (P_o2 = 0.21 atm),Pt (where 15 YSZ=15 mass% yttria-stabilized zirconia) was measured over the ranges 833–1104 K and 624–964 K respectively, and could be represented by the least-squares expressions E₍₁₎±1.48 (mV) = 888.72 − 0.504277 (K) and E_(II) ±4.21 (mV) = 895.26 − 0.81543T (K).

After correcting for the standard state of oxygen in the air reference electrode, and by combining with the standard Gibbs energies of formation of NiO and TeO₂ from the literature, the following expressions could be derived for the ΔG^°_f of NiTeO₃ and Ni₃TeO₆: ΔG_f^°(NiTeO₃) ± 2.03 (kJ mol⁻¹) = −577.30 + 0.26692T (K) and ΔG^°_f(Ni₃TeO₆)±2.54 (kJ mol⁻¹) = −1218.66 + 0.58837T (K).     

硬模板法制备固体氧化物燃料电池Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x包覆管状SDC立体阳极

为在固体氧化物燃料电池中有效利用干甲烷为燃料,需制作多孔立体阳极。采用硬模板法和浸渍法制备Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x包覆管状SDC阳极材料(Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x/SDC),为作对比,用溶胶凝胶法制备粉末状Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x,机械混合SDC粉末制备Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x-SDC。将这两种阳极材料分别制作电解质支撑的单电池Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x/SDC|YSZ|LSMYSZ与Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x-SDC|YSZ|LSM-YSZ,并进行发电性能测试以及长期稳定性实验。结果表明,800℃下,干甲烷环境中,Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x-SDC为阳极的单电池最大功率密度为324.99 m W/cm2,运行10 h后,电压下降5.60%;而以Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x/SDC为阳极的单电池最大功率密度达到384.54 m W/cm2,运行100 h后,电压未严重衰减。实验后阳极的SEM照片表明,Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x-SDC阳极内孔隙狭小,易被积炭堵塞;而Ni_(0.5)Cu_(0.5)Ba_(0.05)O_x/SDC阳极呈立体多孔结构,有利于燃料气体与反应后气体的扩散。催化剂颗粒均匀地包覆在SDC纤维管表面,有利于增加三相界面,提高电池的稳定性。     

制备方法对Ni2P/SiO2催化剂结构及萘加氢性能的影响

采用程序升温还原法和次磷酸盐歧化法制备了Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂,结合现代仪器分析表征技术,研究了制备方法对Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂结构和萘加氢性能的影响。结果表明,两种方法均可制备出仅含Ni_2P活性相的Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂,在反应温度340℃、氢气压力4 MPa、空速为20.8 h~(-1)下,程序升温还原法制备的Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂表现出更高的萘加氢活性,这主要是因为程序还原法制备的Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂中有更多Ni_2P物种生成,提供了较多的活性位点(CO吸附量21.6μmol/g);且催化剂表面弱酸位点多,有利于芳烃吸附。当选用程序升温还原法制备Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂时,在保证生成纯相Ni_2P的前提下,较低的Ni/P比更有利于合成高加氢活性的Ni_2P/SiO_2催化剂。     

Formation and structure of B24N24 clusters

Boron nitride (BN) nanocage clusters of B₂₄N₂₄ were synthesized and detected by laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The B₂₄N₂₄ clusters consisted of 4-, 6- and 8-membered BN rings satisfying the isolated tetragonal rule, which was optimized by molecular orbital calculations. The electronic structure showed a bandgap energy of 4.9 eV, which is smaller than that of B₃₆N₃₆ cluster.     

Zr改性Ni2P/SBA-15催化剂的制备及其加氢脱氧性能

以正丙醇锆（n）和Zr（SO₄）₂（m）为锆源制备了Zr改性的Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n）和Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m）催化剂,并采用XRD、BET、CO吸附、XPS、NH₃程序升温脱附等手段对催化剂进行了表征。以苯并呋喃（BF）为模型化合物,研究了催化剂加氢脱氧（HDO）性能。结果表明,Zr改性后,形成了新的层状结构的ZrP;Zr的引入有助于生成更多、更小粒径的Ni₂P活性相,催化剂的酸强度和酸量均提高。与正丙醇锆相比,Zr（SO₄）₂为锆源能够获得比表面积大、酸性强、酸量大的催化剂,得到更多的ZrP相、更小粒径的Ni₂P晶粒,暴露更多的Ni活性位点。Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n）和Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m）的BF HDO产率分别为71.5%和85.9%,较Ni₂P/SBA-15分别提高了14.0%和28.4%。催化剂HDO活性、脱氧产物选择性和产率大小顺序为：Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（m） > Ni₂P/ZrO₂-SBA-15（n） > Ni₂P/SBA-15。     

Unexpected structural analogy between early and late 3d transition metal alkoxide carboxylates: Synthesis and single crystal X-ray study of Ni6(OH)2(OR)6(OCOR)2, R = C2H4NMe2, R = H, CH3

Modification of the liquid Ni(OR^N)₂, R^N = C₂H₄NMe₂, with stoichiometric or sub-stoichiometric amounts of carboxylic acids, HCOOH or CH₃COOH, results in formation of crystalline heteroleptic complexes Ni₆(OH)₂(OR^N)₆(OCOR)₂, R = H (1), CH₃ (3) with the core structure closely analogous to that observed earlier for hexanuclear titanium (IV) alkoxide carboxylates and derived from hexagonal packing of the donor atoms.     

Ni_2P/Zr-MCM-41催化剂的制备及其对麻风树油加氢脱氧的催化性能

采用水热法合成MCM-41和Zr-MCM-41,由Ni(NO_3)_2和(NH_4)2HPO_4溶液共浸渍、高温焙烧、氢气还原和钝化制备了负载型Ni_2P/Zr-M CM-41催化剂。采用XRD、TEM、氮气吸附、CO吸附、吡啶吸附红外和XPS等方法对催化剂进行了表征,并在高压反应釜中研究了其对麻风树油加氢脱氧(HDO)的催化性能。结果表明,氢气还原温度为650℃、Ni2P负载量为20%(质量分数)、Ni2P物相呈晶型时,Ni_2P/Zr-M CM-41催化剂的活性最佳;较低的Ni2P负载量有利于其在Zr-M CM-41载体表面均匀分散,而负载量高于25%(质量分数)时,活性组分少量团聚,易导致孔道堵塞。催化剂表面存在部分因钝化而形成的Ni O。对于麻风树油加氢脱氧,Ni2P负载量为20%(质量分数)Ni_2P/Zr-M CM-41表现出优异的催化性能;脱氧率高达93.90%,直链烷烃含量高达85.36%,其中柴油组分产率较高,C15~20组分占直连烷烃组分50%以上。     

还原温度对低温还原法制备的Ni_2P/Ti-MCM-41催化剂加氢脱硫性能的影响

以氯化镍(Ni Cl_2·6H_2O)为镍源、次磷酸铵(NH_4H_2PO_2)为磷源、Ti-MCM-41为载体,通过程序升温还原法制备了Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂,并采用H_2-TPR、XRD、BET、XPS、TEM等手段对其结构和性质进行了表征。以二苯并噻吩(DBT)为模型化合物,考察了还原温度对Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)性能的影响。结果表明,程序升温还原法制备的Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂前驱体的还原温度为318℃,比传统程序升温还原制备的Ni_2P低200℃。在350-500℃下还原得到的催化剂活性相为单一的Ni_2P相,较低的还原温度有利于形成更小粒径的磷化镍晶粒。还原温度为400℃时,制得的Ni_2P/Ti-M CM-41催化剂比表面积高、分散性最好、表面P富集少,具有最高的HDS活性;在340℃、3.0 M Pa、H_2/油体积比500、质量空速(WHSV)为2.0 h~(-1)的条件下,二苯并噻吩HDS转化率达到99.4%。     

一个新颖的三核镍配合物[Ni3(C13H9N2O)5(CH3OH)(CH3CH2OH)]Cl的合成、晶体结构及性质研究

在甲醇-乙醇混合溶剂中, 含有N, O给体的二齿配体2-(2-羟苯基)苯并咪唑与NiCl2•6H2O在常温下反应合成得到标题化合物, 采用元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、热分析以及X射线单晶衍射法对其进行了组成和结构表征. 结果表明该化合物为三斜晶系, 空间群P-1, 晶胞参数: a＝1.2046(2) nm, b＝1.4891(3) nm, c＝2.1342(4) nm, α＝96.787(3)°, β＝104.862(3)°, γ＝99.993(3)°, V＝3.5904(12) nm3, Z＝2, Dc＝1.349 g/cm3, F(000)＝1516, GOF＝1.008, R1＝0.0583, wR2＝0.1455 [I＞2σ(I)]. 在标题化合物的晶体结构中, 晶体学不对称的三个配位中心Ni(II)原子配位环境各不相同, 五个配体提供的五个氧配位基中有四个起着桥联的作用, 形成了一个新颖的V型金属簇状化合物. 变温磁化率研究表明标题化合物在整体上表现为弱的反铁磁性耦合作用.     

The coordinatively unsaturated cluster cations [Pt3{M(CO)3}(μ-Ph2PCH2PPh2)3] (M = Re, Mn)

The coordinatively unsaturated cluster [Pt₃(μ₃-CO)(μ-dppm)₃]²⁺ (1, dppm = Ph₂PCH₂PPh₂) reacts with Na⁺[M(CO)₅]⁻ to give the mixed metal clusters [Pt₃{M(CO)₃}(μ-dppm)₃]⁺ (M = Re, 2; Mn, 3). The new clusters are characterized by spectroscopic methods and, for M = Re, by an X-ray structure determination. The Pt₃Re core in 2 is tetrahedral with particularly short metal-metal distances.     

β-Mo_2C和Ni_3Mo_3N/β-Mo_2C的制备及其甲烷化反应性能研究

通过焙烧钼酸铵和六次甲基四胺(HMT)生成的络合物,制备β-Mo_2C。在此基础上加入Ni助剂制备了Ni_3Mo_3N/β-Mo_2C双金属碳化物催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、HRTEM、低温氮吸附、元素分析等方法对催化剂进行了表征,考察了其合成气甲烷化反应性能。结果表明,β-Mo_2C有较高的CO转化率,但CO转化率和CH_4选择性分别从第10h的75.93%和36.79%降低到了第100h的67.41%和33.54%。因此,β-Mo_2C活性不够稳定且CH_4选择性较低。而Ni助剂的加入显著提高了催化剂的甲烷化活性及稳定性,使CO转化率和CH_4选择性分别从第10h的83.15%和46.64%升高到了第100h的92.51%和57.23%。这是因为Ni助剂的加入有助于生成Ni_3Mo_3N,新生成的Ni_3Mo_3N有利于甲烷化反应。     

Finite temperature effects in Na3 and Na3: A path integral Monte Carlo study

Path integral Monte Carlo techniques are used to study Na₃⁺ and Na₃ at finite temperatures. In accord with previous classical trajectory calculations, we find that vibrational motion significantly distorts the clusters from the previously predicted zero temperature geometries, due to the flat Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface. More importantly, these distorted clusters show significant localized electronic bonding, in contrast to the delocalized bonding found in previous studies of the zero temperature structures.     

Electronic structure and bonding in Si70

We report a detailed AM1 investigation of the geometrical and electronic structure of Si₇₀. For this purpose, bond lengths, bond orders, charges and molecular energy levels are widely analyzed, and compared with previous theoretical and experimental data on Si₆₀ and homologous carbon clusters C₇₀ and C₆₀. The predicted D_5h structure of Si₇₀ is less delocalized than that of C₇₀. Furthermore, Si₇₀ presents the lowest ionization potential (7.63eV), the highest electron affinity (3.61 eV) and the smallest HOMO-LUMO gap (4.02eV) of the four studied clusters.     

A density functional study on hydrated clusters of orthoboric acid, B(OH)3(H2O)n (n=1–5)

We have calculated the optimized structures and stabilization energies for hydrated clusters of orthoboric acid molecule, B(OH)₃(H₂O)_n (n=1–5), with a hybrid density functional approach. Although some ion-pair structures are revealed in the case of n=4 and 5 clusters, the most stable structure is found to be a non-proton-transferred form up to n=5 hydrated clusters. The calculated IR spectra of the stable B(OH)₃(H₂O)_n of n=3–5 clusters predict small red shifts of hydrogen-bonded OH frequencies. These geometry and IR results are related to the weak acidity nature of orthoboric acid.