SUPER TOUGH GELS WITH A DOUBLE NETWORK STRUCTURE

Living tissues work with fantastic functions in soft and wet gel-like state.Thus,hydrogels have attracted much attention as excellent soft and wet materials,suitable tot making artificial organs for medical treatments.However, conventional hydrogels are mechanically too weak for practical uses.We have created double network (DN) hydrogels with extremely high mechanical strength in order to overcome this problem.DN gels are interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogels consisting of rigid polyelectrolyte and s...     

PVA改性PAMPS-PAM超高力学性能双网络水凝胶的制备

采用紫外光引发聚合制备了聚乙烯醇(PVA)改性的聚(2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸)-聚丙烯酰胺(PAMPS-PAM)双网络(DN)水凝胶.测定并比较了PVA改性前后PAMPS-PAM双网络水凝胶的溶胀动力学;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了单网络水凝胶的结构;测定PVA改性前后PAMPS-PAM双网络水凝胶的压缩及拉伸性能.结果表明,经PVA改性后的PAMPS-PAM双网络水凝胶有较高的溶胀比;0.82%PVA用量的PAMPS-PAM双网络水凝胶在90%压缩形变率下仍保持完整、最大拉伸应力达到0.5 MPa,大幅提高PAMPS-PAM双网络水凝胶的力学性能.     

层状类钙钛矿结构新铌酸盐KSr2Nb3O10

A new niobate compound KSr₂Nb₃O₁₀ was synthesized for the first time. The chemical compositions, crystal structure, optical property, density and melting point of the new compound were characterized by EPMA, TEM, XRD, DTA and so on. KSr₂Nb₃O₁₀ crystallizes the orthorhombic system with unit cell parameters a=0.7816(1) nm, b=0.7764(2) nm, c=2.9995(2) nm, V=1.8114(4) nm³, and space group P2₁2₁2₁, Z=8. The structure may be described as treble perovskite sheets ［Sr₂Nb₃O₁₀］^- interleaved with K⁺. Further, it was found that KSr₂Nb₃O₁₀ has intercalation phenomenon. Na⁺, Li⁺, H⁺, NH⁺₄ could exchange the interlayer cations K⁺ of KSr₂Nb₃O₁₀, and n-hexylamine also could intercalate into the place between the layers of ［Sr₂Nb₃O₁₀］^-.     

热解和加氢热解煤焦油的组成和煤结构的关系

用色谱质谱联用技术测定了兖州烟煤和红庙褐煤在氮气下热解和加氢热解焦油的组成。在４５０℃～６５０℃的温度范围内考察了温度对热解和加氢热解苯类、酚类、萘类化合物产率的影响。结果表明兖州煤热解和加氢热解焦油中的正构烷烃以Ｃ８～Ｃ１０占优势，红庙煤中以Ｃ１７～Ｃ２０占优势。从热解产物看兖州煤和红庙煤的主体分子结构有着显著差别，兖州煤主要以稠环芳烃为主，其中的氧以氧杂环的形式掺杂在稠环结构中；红庙煤含有较多的酚羟基、酮、醚等官能团与碳骨架相连。加氢热解可以有效的脱除焦油中含氧、含硫官能团，改善焦油质量。     

壳-核结构增韧剂超高增韧非晶共聚酯的形貌和形态

研究了马来酸酐接枝的壳核结构增韧剂 (TPEg)对非晶热塑共聚酯 (PETG)的增韧和增强效果 ,并与马来酸酐接枝的纯橡胶类增韧剂 (POEg)作了对比 .TPEg对PETG具有显著的增韧效果 ,当TPEg含量由 5%增加到 1 0 %时 ,共混物就可以发生由脆性到超高韧性的快速转变 .而POEg虽然也可以使PETG发生由脆性到韧性的快速转变 ,但转变是在较高的增韧剂含量下发生的 ,这意味着共混物的抗张强度和模量损失更多 .利用扫描电镜观察、分析了随增韧剂含量的增加 ,共混物的形貌、形态的演化过程 .共混物的缺口冲击韧性与其形貌、形态之间存在很好的对应关系 .     

ENHANCED WATER SORPTION OF A SEMI-INTERPENETRATING POLYMER NETWORK (IPN) OF POLY(2-HYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE) (PHEMA) AND POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) (PEG)

ABSTRACT

An attempt was made to enhance the water-sorption capacity of polymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) by preparing its semi-interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) with a hydrophilic polymer such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The effects of various factors, such as history of the polymer sample, chemical architecture of the IPN, presence of salt ions in the swelling medium, and temperature of the swelling medium, were investigated on the water sorption kinetics of the IPNs. The IPN was characterized by IR spectral analysis and various structural parameters, such as molecular weight between crosslinks (M_c), crosslink density (q) and number of elastically effective chains (V_e), were evaluated. The IPNs were also assessed for their antithrombogenic potential.     

LiBSe3: A NOVEL PERSELENOBORATE WITH POLYMERIC ANION NETWORK

We now report the synthesis and crystal structure of LiBSe₃, a new perselenoborate with anionic layers. LiBSe₃ crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pca2₁ (No. 29), a = 12.770(3) Å, b = 5.777(2) Å, c = 10.726(2) Å.     

一种支氏液晶共聚酯的合成

在聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯与对羟基苯甲酸 (HBA)形成的共聚酯 (PET HBA)分子链中 ,引入具有分形结构的单体———三羟基苯 (TOP) ,以降低其熔点 ,改善加工性能 .考察乙酰化时间、缩聚时间、压力、TOP和HBA加入量对新型分形共聚酯的对数比浓粘度的影响规律 ,以及TOP和HBA加入量对新型分形共聚酯的熔点和液晶清亮点的影响 .TOP的加入能使PET HBA共聚酯的熔点下降 10℃以上 ,而液晶清亮点没有变化 ,拓宽了液晶区域     

不饱和端基超支化聚合物/丙烯酸酯共聚乳液的研究

利用Si—H加成反应制得了以CC为端基的超支化含硅聚合物,并将其与丙烯酸酯类单体进行乳液共聚,对聚合反应机理及所得聚合物的性能进行了测试分析.结果表明,含有大量CC端基的超支化含硅聚合物能与丙烯酸酯类单体稳定聚合,制得了平均粒径小于100nm高度交联的乳胶粒子.共聚物的红外光谱证实,超支化聚合物的不饱和端基已全部反应,形成了以超支化聚合物为多臂交联点的交联型乳胶粒子.随聚合体系中超支化聚合物用量的增加,乳液聚合反应速率增大,乳胶粒粒径减小,共聚物热稳定性显著提高.     

一种具有二维状组装体结构的氢键结合超分子水凝胶的制备

近年来,基于低分子量有机凝胶因子(low molecular mass organic gelators)[1]形成的超分子水凝胶得到了广泛关注.     

STRUCTURE OF A POLYMERIC BENZENETETRACARBOXYLATO COMPLEX OF Mn(II) WITH IMIDAZOLE

Abstract

A novel polymeric μ-BTC complex of Mn(II) with imidazole has been synthesized, where BTC is the 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylato tetravalent anion, and its crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic spacegroup P2₁/n with a = 11.184(5), b = 9.177(2), c = 18.243(1)Å and β = 107.84(1)°. Each BTC ligand, located around the crystallographic inversion centre, bridges four Mn(II) atoms through four carboxyl groups to form a three dimensional polymeric structure. The carboxyl groups in the ortho-position of BTC bridges Mn(II) atoms related by the crystallographic screw axis to form helical complex chains along the b axis. Coordination around the Mn(II) atom is distorted octahedral; two BTC anions coordinate to Mn(II), one in unidentate fashion and the other as a chelate. The coordination distance of the unidentate ligand is much shorter than in the chelated ligand.     

用Raman光谱研究碳纤维/聚醚醚酮复合材料的界面结构

用Ｒａｍａｎ光谱研究碳纤维／聚醚醚酮复合材料的界面结构李铁骑章明秋曾汉民（中山大学材料科学研究所聚合物复合材料及功能材料国家教委开放研究实验室广州５１０２７５）关键词界面结构，Ｒａｍａｎ光谱，碳纤维／聚醚醚酮复合材料随着近年来热塑性聚合物的加工...     

在Cu—Zn—Al—Ti—K催化剂上合成低碳混合醇的反应网络结构

用动力学方法系统地考察了在Cu-Zn-Al-Ti-K催化剂上合成低碳混合醇的反应网络结构,在此基础上提出了较完整的反应网络构造图。研究结果表明,甲醇是由CO加H_2和CO_2加H_2两条途径生成的,其它醇是从甲醇出发经过碳链增长过程生成的。甲烷是CO和H_2反应的产物,其它烃经由甲烷按碳链增长方式产生,其中乙烷也可能经乙醇产生。在经过很短的一段反应时间之后,就发生了逆变换向变换反应的转变,变换反应起了向CO_2加H_2合成甲醇这一途径提供反应物CO_2的作用。     

NOTE: STRUCTURE OF A COPPER(II) COMPLEX WITH THE MACROCYCLIC LIGAND HEXACYCLEN

Abstract

The saturated macrocyclic ligand 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaazaoctadecane (hexacyclen, I) exhibits excellent coordination ability^1–5 and extraction properties^6.7 towards different metal ions. Due to the remarkable flexibility of the ligand complexes with different structures are formed.^1–5     

不同链结构的双酚A聚碳酸酯对脂肪族聚碳酸酯结晶行为的影响

脂肪族聚碳酸酯(APC)是一类可降解的高分子材料,因其生产工艺可固定温室气体的主要成分二氧化碳,这种可降解塑料得到了越来越多的关注.作为半结晶高分子材料,脂肪族聚碳酸酯的结晶性能和结晶结构对成型加工、力学性能和降解性能具有重要的影响.借助热分析(示差扫描量热仪DSC)和形态学观察(偏光显微镜POM)两种方法研究了不同链结构的双酚A型聚碳酸酯对半结晶脂肪族聚碳酸酯——聚碳酸1,4-丁二醇酯结晶动力学行为的影响.实验发现质量分数1%的双酚A聚碳酸酯的加入促进了聚碳酸1,4-丁二醇酯的成核,但不同链结构的双酚A聚碳酸酯对其晶体生长具有相反的作用,线形双酚A聚碳酸酯(PC-L)能够促进晶体生长,而支化双酚A聚碳酸酯(PC-B)则抑制晶体生长.用原子力显微镜在轻敲模式下研究了两种双酚A聚碳酸酯与APC共混物熔融状态下的相结构,发现熔体结构的不同是导致两种共混物与纯的APC相比,结晶速率呈现相反变化趋势的主要原因.     

A RHEOLOGICAL MODEL FOR POLYMER MELTS WITH INTERNAL STRUCTURE IN FLOW FIELDS*

Conceptually, an imagined conformation ellipsoid is supposed to represent the shape of a polymerchain for polymer melts in flow fields and to be equivalent to the volume element in a mathematical sense incontinuum mechanics. A power law dependence of shear modulus of polymer melts on detC, referred to asenvelope volume, is proposed. Based on those assumptions and the non-linear relation of shear modulus, aphenomenological viscoelastic model is derived. The model is tested in simple shear flow, simpleelongational flow, oscillatory shear flow, and relaxation process after flow suddenly stopped. The resultsshow that the model works well to predict the change of internal structure and viscoelastic performance ofpolymer melts in flow fields.     

SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF A POLYMERIC 1,3-BENZENEDICARBOXYLATO COMPLEX OF Mn(II) WITH PHENANTHROLINE

Abstract

A novel Mn(II) complex bridged by 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC) has been synthesized by the diffusion method. The complex crystallizes in space group P2₁/c with a = 8.345(2), b = 10.427(1), c = 18.756(2) Å, β = 100.19(1)°. Each BDC bridges three Mn(II) atoms through two carboxyl groups with different coordination modes to form a complex polymeric chain. The coordination geometry around the Mn(II) atom is seriously distorted from the normal octahedron. Large deviations of the donor atoms out of the coordination planes and unexpected bond angles around Mn(II) and donor O atoms suggest the existence of an electrostatic interaction between Mn(II) and donor atoms in the complex. Close stacking of aromatic rings is observed in the complex, the distance between the neighboring phen planes being 3.2085 Å.     

X-射线小角光散射(SAXS)研究全氟磺酸树脂中空纤维膜中的离子簇结构

本文用SAXS(Small Angle X-ray Scattering)方法对全氟磺酸树脂中空纤维膜中的离子簇结构进行了研究.在散射角2θ=2°左右,出现由离子簇产生的散射峰;并就离子交换容量、不同阳离子形式、含水量及不同拉伸等对离子簇散射峰位的影响进行了研究讨论.并计算了有关离子簇半径和每个离子簇中的离子数目.     

小角X光散射法研究聚丙烯/乙丙橡胶合金的相结构

用X光小角散射和扫描电子显微镜研究了聚丙烯 乙丙橡胶合金薄膜 .根据Debye Buech光散射统计理论计算了结构参数 ,即相关函数ac、平均弦长 l和旋转半径Rg.同时计算了Porod指数α ,并用α讨论了分散相的形状 .用扫描电子显微镜观察了共混物的形态和结构     

二烯丙基双酚A醚接枝聚乙烯增容聚碳酸酯/聚乙烯合金中的纤维化增韧现象

采用二烯丙基双酚A醚 (DBAE)接枝聚乙烯 (DBAE g PE)作为聚碳酸酯 (PC) /聚乙烯 (PE)合金的增容剂 ,通过测试合金的冲击强度和裂纹扩展功 (G1C)发现 ,PC含量约为 15份时 ,被增容的合金出现超常的增韧现象 .对合金的断裂表面形态用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM )观察发现 ,未增容的合金呈典型的脆性断裂 ,增容的合金在PC为 15份时 ,PC出现明显的塑性变形 ,形成纤维 .本文就此提出纤维化增韧机制 ,并结合结构模型用纤维化增韧机制初步解释了PC/PE合金的超常增韧现象 .