当前疫情下分析化学教学的一点思考

2019年底爆发的新型冠状病毒肺炎席卷了整个中国,在分析化学教学中如何能结合这一热点问题启发学生多方位思考、多角度理解分析化学的一些关键知识点(如3S+2A)并能激发后续学习兴趣,结合在当前肺炎疫情下线上教学的广泛使用,作者对这些相关内容做了一些思考,并在教学过程中进行了尝试。     

编写分析化学教材的思考与实践

分析化学教材是本科生学习分析化学、激发创新热情、培养创新思维、提升创新能力的重要载体。编写符合这些要求的分析化学教材已成为分析化学教育工作者必须深入思考、着力解决的重要问题。鉴于此,本文介绍了笔者在编写分析化学教材过程中的一些思考和做法以及所编写的《分析化学》教材的特色,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

《近代分析化学》——一本值得推荐的新书

分析化学是化学学科中比较老的一个分支,但是,今天它仍然保持旺盛的生命力,近一二十年来发展尤为迅速。这一点在高等学校的教材中也得到了反映,许多学校都陆续增设了仪器分析课程与实验,编辑出版了相应的教材。但是,对于带有分析化学倾向的高年级学生的培养,如何把分析化学最新成就贯穿到课程中去仍然是一个困难的任务。这当中,缺少一些既能反映学科发展前沿而又有较宽的知识覆盖面的教材也是一个问题。     

后MOOC时期高职分析化学混合式教学模式构建

为了全面提高后MOOC时期的高职院校分析化学课程教学质量，提出了基于SPOC的分析化学课程混合式教学模式。首先分析了高职学生的特点和分析化学课程教学中的主要问题；然后根据基于SPOC的混合式教学模式构建流程，依次阐述了课程分析、整体设计、资源开发、教学过程和评价考核设计的原则与思路；最后探讨了基于翻转课堂的分析化学课程混合式教学环境与实施过程。     

双一流背景下培养拔尖人才的分析化学实验课程的建设

分析化学实验在化学基础实验教学中起着非常关键的作用,但是随着科研的发展,仪器分析的地位不断提升,定量分析实验在基础教学中的地位受到很大的冲击。本文就针对此问题介绍了我校分析化学实验近年来的一些改革及取得的一些成效。     

聚类分析法及其在分析化学中的应用

在分析化学中,常常遇到诸如下面的问题: 1.对于一批试样,需要测定哪些数据,才能将它们按照来源、成分等进行分类?如何将这些试样分类? 2.有一个含多种组分的试样(例如含多种待检测离子的试液)和若干种可用于检测这些组分的方法(或试剂),如何从这些方法(或试剂)中选取最少的种数,并安排恰当的次序,快速、准确地鉴定各种组分? 前者是分析数据的分类问题,后者是分析方法的选择与分析过程的最优化问题。聚类分析(Cluster Analysis)就是解决这类问题的有效方法。近年来,聚类分析法在地质、生物、医学和化学等方面得到了广泛的应用。这一方法迅速渗透到分析化学领域中。饶有意义的是,1978年Massart等在其有关著作中还认为“聚类方法在化学中应用较少”,而五年之后,同一些作者就写成了《聚类分析法解析分析化学数据》的专著。由此可见聚类分析法发展之迅速。在国内,亦有一些文献对聚类分析法作过介     

改进单纯形法的计算机模拟及其在化学发光分析中的应用

在分析化学中常常遇到具有交互作用的多因素实验的最优化问题。它往往使一些传统的优化方法陷入困境而很难找到最优化点。而改进单纯形法(MSM)特别适合于分析化学中具有交互作用的多因素最优化实验。MSM法已经用于分析化学的各个领域。本文试图根据改进单纯形法的数学原理,用计算机模拟其优化过程。     

用数理统计知识探讨分析化学中的数据处理问题

在分析化学中,误差及分析数据处理是分析化学中的基础知识,而在许多教材中这方面知识给得比较直接、比较简单。本文从数理统计的角度出发详细地解释一些基本概念和具体地推导一些公式,并以数理统计方法解决分析化学中的一些常见问题作为对比。     

非化学专业无机及分析化学理论与实验教学的一致性

在"讲一练二考三"新型教学理念的指导下,结合多年非化学专业无机及分析化学课程理论教学和实验教学的经验,针对无机及分析化学理论课和实验课教学的特点和存在的一些问题,阐述了在无机及分析化学课程教学中理论课教学内容和实验课教学内容相结合的实践探索和体会,以及取得的效果。     

容量分析中的物质的量计算

在量和单位的国家标准中,当量及其有关的量均被废除,代之而出现了物质的量及其有关的量,自然当量定律也被废除,代之而出现了等物质的量规则。由于当量及其有关的量和当量定律在分析化学中使用很久,人们已非常习惯,加之人们对国家标准中物质的量及其有关的量和等物质的量规则不太熟悉,因此在分析化学计算上还存在不少问题,如何在分析化学计算中应用等物质的量规则,在教学中是应该探讨的。     

A Conflict of Analysis: Analytical Chemistry and Milk Adulteration in Victorian Britain

Abstract

This article centres on a particularly intense debate within British analytical chemistry in the late nineteenth century, between local public analysts and the government chemists of the Inland Revenue Service. The two groups differed in both practical methodologies and in the interpretation of analytical findings. The most striking debates in this period were related to milk analysis, highlighted especially in Victorian courtrooms. It was in protracted court cases, such as the well known Manchester Milk Case in 1883, that analytical chemistry was performed between local public analysts and the government chemists, who were often both used as expert witnesses. Victorian courtrooms were thus important sites in the context of the uneven professionalisation of chemistry. I use this tension to highlight what Christopher Hamlin has called the defining feature of Victorian public health, namely conflicts of professional jurisdiction, which adds nuance to histories of the struggle of professionalisation and public credibility in analytical chemistry.     

分析化学的第二个春天

从研究分析化学的历史发展入手，以大量历史事实为根据，指出分析化学曾经历过两次重大变革。第一次变革(19世纪末至20世纪初)使分析化学从分析化学家的技艺发展为科学；第二次变革(20世纪70年代迄今)则使分析化学进入了分析化学家重新当家作主的、欣欣向荣的“第二个春天”。     

DNA microarrays: is there a role for analytical chemistry?

DNA microarrays, or "DNA chips", represent a relatively new technology that is having a profound impact on biology and medicine, yet analytical research into this area is somewhat sparse. This article presents an overview of DNA microarrays and their application to gene expression analysis from the perspective of analytical chemistry, treating aspects of array platforms, measurement, image analysis, experimental design, normalization, and data analysis. Typical approaches are described and unresolved issues are discussed, with a view to identifying some of the contributions that might be made by analytical chemists.     

Teaching of Analytical Chemistry in the University

Summary The status of analytical chemistry within the universities, particularly of the U.K. is discussed. It is argued that there are too few analytical chemists in University positions, particularly in view of the social and economic importance of analytical chemistry. The best way to improve matters is by high quality research in open competition with other chemists.Presented at Euroanalysis III conference, Dublin, August 20–25, 1978     

What Kind of Professional Training of Analytical Chemists is Required in Classical Universities?

The aims, curricula, and types of professional training of analytical chemists in classical universities are considered. Based on the data of a questionnaire filled at by the members of of analytical chemistry departments, an optimum set of special courses was proposed for the specialty analytical chemistry. An alternative set of special courses corresponding to the applied approach to training analytical chemists is sometimes taught to students of new specialties. A compromise between the two approaches is the introduction of additional educational programs.     

A chemistry home page on the World Wide Web

In this article a brief overview of the World Wide Web (WWW) is given, with some examples of the kind of information and services pertaining to analytical chemistry that can be found there. An existing WWW site that has been set up for analytical chemists is used as a case in point. The article concludes with a brief look at some of the issues raised by publishing on the Internet. Received:15 January 1996 / Accepted: 28 January 1996     

A chemistry home page on the World Wide Web

In this article a brief overview of the World Wide Web (WWW) is given, with some examples of the kind of information and services pertaining to analytical chemistry that can be found there. An existing WWW site that has been set up for analytical chemists is used as a case in point. The article concludes with a brief look at some of the issues raised by publishing on the Internet. Received:15 January 1996 / Accepted: 28 January 1996     

Public relations analyst

Professional scientific societies are becoming increasingly aware of the public image of their members' activities. The Analytical Division of the Royal Society of Chemistry, through the activities of its Honorary Publicity Secretary, is making a conscious effort to inform young people about the activities of analytical chemists and to interest them in the profession of analytical chemistry.     

Foundation and development of the Perm school of analytical chemists

The steps in the development of analytical chemistry and the organization of the school of analytical chemists in the city of Perm are considered. The role of G.G. Kobyak, the first head of the Division of Analytical Chemistry, in the organization of scientific research at the division, the selection of division staff, and the subsequent continuity of the formation of the division and the school of analytical chemists at Perm State University is outlined.     

Connecting the philosophy of chemistry,green chemistry,and moral philosophy

This paper aims to connect philosophy of chemistry, green chemistry, and moral philosophy. We first characterize chemistry by underlining how chemists: (1) co-define chemical bodies, operations, and transformations; (2) always refer to active and context-sensitive bodies to explain the reactions under study; and (3) develop strategies that require and intertwine with a molecular whole, its parts, and the surroundings at the same time within an explanation. We will then point out how green chemists are transforming their current activities in order to act upon the world without jeopardizing life. This part will allow us to highlight that green chemistry follows the three aforementioned characteristics while including the world as a partner, as well as biodegradability and sustainability concerns, into chemical practices. In the third part of this paper, we will show how moral philosophy can help green chemists: (1) identify the consequentialist assumptions that ground their reasoning; and (2) widen the scope of their ethical considerations by integrating the notion of care and that of vulnerability into their arguments. In the fourth part of the paper, we will emphasize how, in return, this investigation could help philosophers querying consequentialism as soon as the consequences of chemical activities over the world are taken into account. Furthermore, we will point out how the philosophy of chemistry provides philosophers with new arguments concerning the key debate about the ‘intrinsic value’ of life, ecosystems and the Earth, in environmental ethics. To conclude, we will highlight how mesology, that is to say the study of ‘milieux’, and the concept of ‘ecumeme’ proposed by the philosopher and geographer Augustin Berque, could become important both for green chemists and moral philosophers in order to investigate our relationships with the Earth.