高明市2389名0—6岁儿童锌,铁,铜,钙缺乏状况调查

调查了高明市２３８９名０￣６岁儿童锌、铁、铜、钙缺乏状况。结果表明，本市儿童缺锌、铜、铁和钙各为４５．９２％，６０．２０％，１３．４４％和４．６０％。讨论了缺锌、铜、铁的原因。     

东乡族3～14岁儿童血钙、镁、铁、铜、锌含量分析

为调查东乡族儿童指端元素水平,用火焰原子吸收法测定了该地区272名3~14岁儿童指端血的钙、镁、铁、铜、锌5种元素含量。结果表明,东乡族儿童普遍缺乏铁和锌,钙、镁、铁、铜、锌缺乏率男生依次为8.11%、2.70%、10.13%、8.78%、10.81%;女生依次为7.50%、2.50%、7.50%、8.33%、9.17%,各年龄段男女生缺锌均占第一位,钙、铁次之,铜和镁在各年龄组基本正常。提示儿童矿物质元素缺乏问题应引为重视,需要进一步改善儿童饮食结构,及时给予儿童生长发育必要的营养补充。     

门诊儿童微量元素现状分析

为调查门诊儿童微量元素现状及相关疾病的发病率，检测了248例门诊儿童血锌、钙、铁、铜、铅值，并分析了相关疾病患病率。结果表明，本地区门诊儿童锌缺乏率76．2％，钙缺乏率71．37％，铜缺乏率19．29％，铅中毒率39．19％，全血铁测定缺铁比例87．92％。提示门诊儿童存在微量元素失衡现象，应采取适当措施予以纠正。     

普通城镇低龄儿童头发元素含量调查

调查了234例0－6岁儿童头发锌，铁，钙及铅含量。结果显示，存在食欲不振者90．59％，反复发生呼吸道感染及肠道感染者占55．98％，严重生长迟缓者占7．89％；缺锌儿童占调查总数的40．59％，缺铁者占34．62％，缺铁者占27．77％。     

南昌市城区530名儿童血铅水平与锌、铁、钙关系的研究

为了解南昌市城区儿童血铅水平与锌、铁、钙的关系,采用严格质量控制的流行病学研究方法,于2001年5月－6月对城区530名儿童进行了血铅、锌、铁、钙测定。结果表明,530名2－8岁儿童血铅水平均值为81．63μg/L,铅中毒（血名值≥ 100μg/L）流行率为27．92％,铅中毒组患儿缺锌、缺铁比例均高于非铅中毒组,血锌均值铅中毒组低于非铅中毒组,差别有非常显著意义,P＜0．01,血钙、血铁水平两组差别无显著意义。血锌值与血铅水平呈负相关。提示对铅中毒患儿及时纠正缺锌、缺铁、缺钙状态是减少肠道对铅吸收的重要措施。     

274例儿童发锌含量测定结果分析

于１９９５年８￣９月份对本地区城乡部分幼儿园入园前４￣５岁儿童进行发锌测定，共测定２７４人，缺锌率８１．４％，与１９９２相比，有显著性差异，结果表明，随着年龄增大，儿童缺锌率有上升的趋向；儿童缺锌与性别无关。     

367名幼儿智力发育与血中五种元素相关性分析

为探讨血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素对儿童智力的影响及其相关性,采用首都儿科研究所编制的0—6岁儿童神经心理发育量表,对367名2—4岁儿童进行现场智力测试并对抚养人进行问卷调查;采集其指尖末梢血,运用原子吸收光谱仪检测了儿童血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素含量。结果表明,调查对象血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种元素低下,检出率分别为25．1％、76．6％、5．7％、1．4％、37．1％,城乡儿童全血铜、锌、钙存在明显差异（P〈0．05）;儿童智力低下检出率为2．4％,儿童智能发育与其年龄、母亲文化水平、是否接受学前教育、血锌、铁呈正相关,与血钙、铜呈负相关。提示该地区2—4岁儿童血铜、锌、铁低下检出率较高,智能发育总体较为合理,但受血铜、锌、铁等多种因素影响,提高父母文化素质,加强儿童早期教育及营养有助于促进儿童智能发育。     

深圳市宝安区儿童头发中微量元素含量与儿童眼病关系的研究

通过对2001～2003年深圳市宝安区独生子女(0～14岁)近20000例体检情况统计，结合测定头发中微量元素锌、铁、铜、钙、锰、硒六种元素含量，对照健康人微量元素测定，发现缺锌、缺铜、缺硒儿童较健康儿童更易患近视，这一结论与相关报道一致。     

缺锌对儿童体格发育影响的研究

调查了广州地区１４５例儿童的发锌及体格发育情况。结果表明，１０３例发锌明显低于正常值，占７１％。发锌低者体格发育落后，并有９．８％缺锌者营养不良。揭示了本地区儿童缺锌的普遍性，分析了缺锌的原因，为今后做好防治工作提供依据。     

沈阳市学龄前儿童末梢血矿物质检测结果分析

为了解沈阳市学龄前儿童体内矿物质钙、铁、锌、铜、镁的含量与年龄和性别的关系,探讨防治其缺乏的综合措施,利用BH 5100型原子吸收光谱仪对3483例学龄前儿童末梢血中铜、锌、钙、镁和铁元素进行了检测,采用SPSS 17．0软件进行统计分析。结果表明,该地区学龄前4个不同年龄组儿童末梢血锌、钙、铁、铜元素缺乏严重,分别占总样本的66．90％、39．76％、32．5％和26．87％;3～岁组末梢血中钙、铁、锌、镁含量与其它年龄组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,各元素在性别问差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。该地区学龄前儿童钙、铁、锌、铜失衡明显,应加强营养素的合理搭配及矿物质的补充,保证儿童的健康成长。     

Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods. III Extension of PM3 to Be,Mg, Zn,Ga, Ge,As, Se,Cd, In,Sn, Sb,Te, Hg,Tl, Pb,and Bi

Using a recently developed procedure for optimizing parameters for semiempirical methods,¹ PM3 has been extended to a total of 28 elements. Average ΔH_f errors for the newly parameterized elements are Be: 8.6, Mg: 8.4, Zn: 5.8, Ga: 14.9, Ge: 11.4, As: 8.5, Se: 11.1, Cd: 2.6, In: 11.3, Sn: 9.0, Sb: 13.7, Te: 11.3, Hg: 6.8, Tl: 6.5, Pb: 7.4, and Bi: 10.9 kcal/mol. For some elements the paucity of data has resulted in a method, which, while highly accurate, is likely to be only poorly predictive.     

Metal-Directed Formation of Tetra-, Hexa-, Octa-, and Nonanuclear Complexes of Magnesium,Calcium, Manganese,Copper, and Cadmium

Efficacious metal control of self-assembly of dialkylketipinate dianions leads to completely different supramolecular assemblies. The structures of grid 1 , double-decker 2 , triple-decker 3 , and metalla-spherand 4 were characterized by X-ray crystallographic analyses or by NMR spectroscopy.     

Thin-layer chromatographic separation of aldrin,dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane,malathion, ethyl-parathion,pentachlorophenol, and of chlordane,dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane,malathion, ethyl-parathion,and pentachlorophenol from each other

A thin-layer chromatographic method is reported for the separation of aldrin (or chlordane), dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, malathion, ethyl-parathion, and pentachlorophenol from each other. The procedure, however, does not separate aldrin and chlordane from each other although it does separate either pesticide from the other components. The method employs alumina plates with n-hexane:xylene:benzene:toluene:cyclohexane:methyl cyclohexane (50:50:50:50:50:50:) as developing solvent.     

Certification of the mass fractions of Ca,Cu, Cl,I, Fe,K, Mg,P, Pb,N, Na and Zn in skim milk powder

Analyses of milk and milk products are routinely performed by a number of dairy laboratories to control the quality of these products with regard to e.g. nutritional components and potential exposure to toxic elements. In order to improve and control the quality of such analyses the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) has organized series of certification campaigns to produce reference material of milk certified for a variety of elements and compounds. The increasing demand is such that the stock of some of these materials is now exhausted. Consequently, the BCR decided to produce a new batch of CRM of skim milk powder certified for its contents of Ca, Cu, Cl, I, Fe, K, Mg, P, Pb, N, Na and Zn (CRM 063R). This material was carefully prepared (spray-drying) and its homogeneity and long term stability was verified. This paper presents the certification work performed.     

Stereochemistry of the oxidation of 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-octahydro-1-naphthoic acids

Summary It was shown that the oxidation of syn- and anti-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1-naphthoic acids with peroxyacetic acid and with osmium tetraoxide proceed stereospecifically from the side opposite to that of the carboxy group. On the other hand, the oxidation of syn-cis-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1, 2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid goes in both of the possible sterically different directions with formation of isomeric- and-epoxides.     

Prediction of the enthalpy of vapourisation for anhydrides,formates, acetates,propionates, butyrates,esters, and ethers

Four analytical correlations based on the use of the corresponding states principle were used to calculate the enthalpy of vapourisation of fluids. Three of these correlations require as inputs the critical temperature and the acentric factor. The fourth requires a molecular Lennard–Jones parameter and the acentric factor. Results for 184 polar and non-polar fluids grouped into 9 families are compared with the values accepted by the Design Institute for Physical Property (DIPPR) project. Recommendations are given for the use of each model and for the choice of the adequate model for each family of fluids.     

猪胰脏中铁钙镁铜铅锌镉锰钴镍的测定

采用硝酸－过氧化氢在自动回流消化仪中消化猪胰脏,火焰原子吸收光度法测定铁、钙、镁、铜、锌、铅、镉、锰、钴、镍的含量。,方法简便,快速,结果令人满意,并对猪胰脏食用价值进行了评价。     

Certification of the contents of As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Ti, V and Zn in a natural Moroccan phosphate rock

Summary The preparation and homogeneity tests of a natural Moroccan phosphate rock are described. The experimental procedures leading to the certification of the contents of As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Ti, V and Zn are presented. The Pb-content is given as a recommended value. Indicative values are proposed for Ag, Mo, Sb, Se, Th and U. The certification has been carried out in participation with 11 laboratories from different European countries.

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Zertifizierung der Gehalte an As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Ti, V und Zn in einem natürlichen Marokkanischen Phosphatgestein

Zusammenfassung Die Aufbereitung und die Homogenitätskontrollen eines natürlichen Marokkanischen Phosphatgesteins werden beschrieben. Die experimentellen Arbeiten, die zur Zertifizierung der genannten Gehalte geführt haben, werden angegeben. Für Blei wird ein empfohlener Wert gegeben. Indikative Werte werden für Ag, Mo, Sb, Se, Th und U vorgeschlagen. Die Zertifizierung wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit 11 Laboratorien aus verschiedenen europäischen Ländern durchgeführt.