交联型聚氨酯固-固相变材料的相变性能及形态

聚氨酯;聚乙二醇;储能材料;固 固相变材料;相变行为     

PEG-沸石固-固相变材料的制备及性能

摘要：采用接枝共聚法合成了以聚乙二醇（PEG）为相变物质,沸石为骨架的PEG沸石固-固相变材料。通过红外光谱（FT—IR）、热失重分析（TGA）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）等测试手段对PEG-沸石固-固相变材料的结构、相变行为及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明：通过改变PEG的分子量,可以得到不同相变焓和不同相变温度的PEG-沸石固-固相变材料,其相变焓可达105．41J／g,热稳定性良好,起始分解温度高于300℃。     

聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)高分子固-固相变材料的合成与性能

高分子固-固相转变材料是近年来新兴的课题,其主要优点是体积变化小,发生相转变时不出现液态,可以减少对容器的要求,甚至不需要容器即可把相变材料作为结构材料,可简化工艺和降低成本,我们相继合成了系列聚乙二醇／聚乙烯醇高分子固-固相变材料,由于形成交联网络结构,难溶于一般有机溶剂。     

接枝共聚法制备聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)高分子固-固相变材料性能研究

用接枝共聚法将具有相变特征的聚乙二醇(PEG)接枝到具有较高熔点的聚乙烯醇(PVA)主链上,得到了系列性能稳定的PEG/PVA高分子固-固相转变材料,用DSC,WAXD和POM对其相变行为及形态结构进行了研究.结果表明,该材料呈现出可逆的固-固相转变特性;其结晶峰值温度和相变焓比纯PEG低,接枝率对相变温度和归一化相变焓影响不大;接枝率只影响结晶与熔融行为,不影响结晶结构.     

相变储能材料的研究进展

综述了相变材料的研究进展状况 ,介绍了相变材料的分类以及各类相变材料的性能、储能机理和优缺点 ,并介绍了一些新型的相变材料 ,指出了该领域中有待解决的问题 ,展望了未来相变材料的发展前景。     

聚乙二醇/二醋酸纤维素相变材料的组成与储能性能间的关系

以刚性的二醋酸纤维素 (CDA)链为骨架 ,接枝上聚乙二醇 (PEG)柔性链段 ,可得到一种具有固固相变性能的网状储能材料 .利用该材料的PEG支链从结晶态到无定形态间的相转变 ,可以实现储能和释能的目的 .具体研究了PEG的百分含量及PEG的分子量对材料储能性能的影响 .研究结果表明 ,通过改变PEG的百分含量与PEG的分子量 ,可以得到不同相变焓和不同相变温度的材料     

KBF4非等温固-固相变热性质的测定

利用DTA-TG和DSC热分析技术研究了无机塑晶材料KBF4固-固相变的热性能,测得转变温度为284.13℃,转变焓为105.73J/g.KBF4固-固相变的机理是随着温度的升高,晶体中离子键部分断裂,晶体逐渐由低对称的正交晶系向高对称立方晶系转变,并在这过程中,同时引入化学键的振动和转动无序,从而吸收大量的相变焓.     

纤维素丙酸酯-g-二乙二醇正十六烷基醚固-固相变材料的制备及性能

以二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)为催化剂,微晶纤维素为骨架材料,二乙二醇正十六烷基醚(E2C16)为相变材料,采用化学接枝法制备了系列纤维素丙酸酯-g-二乙二醇正十六烷基醚(CP-g-E2C16)固-固相变材料.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析(TG)和X射线衍射(XRD)对CP-g-E2C16相变材料的结构和热性能进行了表征.结果表明,得到了E2C16的取代度和接枝含量分别为0.12~0.37和17.1%~33.4%的CP-g-E2C16固-固相变材料.CP-g-E2C16接枝共聚物的相变温度和相变焓分别为25~34℃和40~62 J/g,符合人的体感舒适温度范围.CP-g-E2C16固-固相变材料的耐热温度高于237℃,与E2C16相比提高21~40℃,有望应用于熔融纺丝法制备纤维素基储热调温纤维领域.     

催化剂用量对醋酸纤维素接枝聚乙二醇单甲醚相变材料接枝率和性能的影响

以二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)作为催化剂,以醋酸纤维素(CDA)为基体材料、以聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG)为工作物质,利用溶液聚合法合成了纤维素接枝聚乙二醇单甲醚相变材料,研究了催化剂用量对MPEG接枝产物接枝率和性能的影响.结果表明,当催化剂用量为0.15%(质量分数,下同)时,MPEG1000和MPEG1500接枝产物的接枝率均达到最大值,分别为224.03%和189.30%;当催化剂用量为0.1%时,MPEG2000接枝产物的接枝率最大,达129.99%.此外,由不同分子量MPEG制备的接枝产物的相变温度和相变焓不同,不同产物在升温过程中均呈现较好的固-固相变调温性能.     

多元醇及其二元混合物固-固相变的IR研究

固固相变储能物质多元醇类以其有适宜的转变温度、较高的转变焓、具有经济和技术潜力而受到人们的重视,已在热力学和动力学等方面对其进行广泛和深入的研究[1-3],并通过红外光谱法研究了几种纯多元醇固固转变的机理[1].本文对几种多元醇及其二元混合物进行变温红外光谱的测定,进一步探讨了变化的规律.1　实　验11　药品:新戊二醇(ＮＰＧ)为保证试剂(日本东京化成株式工业会社),三羟甲基乙烷(ＰＧ)超纯(日本东京化成株式工业会社),季戊四醇(ＰＥ)化学纯(北京化学试剂公司).12　仪器美国ＰＥ公司Ｍ1730型富里叶变换红外光谱仪;日本Ｅ012Ａ号Ｈ…     

导热增强聚乙二醇相变复合材料的制备及其性能

本文以聚乙二醇(PEG)为相变材料,通过添加不同的无机填料,采用熔融共混浇筑方式制备了导热增强型相变复合材料。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热常数分析仪、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、红外热成像和热重分析仪研究了所制备复合材料的微观结构、导热性能与相变过程。 研究结果表明,相比于碳酸钙和氧化铝,在相同添加含量下,氮化硼(BN)可有效提高PEG的导热系数,当BN质量分数为40%时,导热系数可达到3.40 W/(m·K);当填料添加量相同时,片状BN和不规则纳米碳酸钙(CaCO₃)比球形氧化铝(Al₂O₃)对PEG具有更加优良的定型效果,在相变过程中,能够更加有效阻隔PEG的流动,保持复合材料的形状稳定性。     

A Novel Solid-Solid Phase Change Material Based on Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Grafting With Palmitic Acid Copolymers

(SAN-g-PA) as new solid-solid phase change materials (SSPCMs) were synthesized starting from poly(styrene-co- acrylonitrile) (SAN) and palmitic acid (PA). The chemical structure of the synthesized SAN-g-PA were characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H-NMR), their thermal energy storage properties and thermal stability were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Moreover, the crystalline morphology and crystal structures were also measured with polarized optical microscopy (POM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The result shows that the PA molecule was grafted onto the SAN, SAN-g-PA were obtained successfully. The crystalline morphology and crystal structures of the synthesized SAN-g-PA are different from palmitic acid and SAN. As novel SSPCMs, SAN-g-PA possess suitable phase transition temperature, the higher enthalpy value, and good heat stability.     

Effects of Total Thermal Balance on the Thermal Energy Absorbed or Released by a High-Temperature Phase Change Material

Front tracking and enthalpy methods used to study phase change processes are based on a local thermal energy balance at the liquid–solid interface where mass accommodation methods are also used to account for the density change during the phase transition. Recently, it has been shown that a local thermal balance at the interface does not reproduce the thermodynamic equilibrium in adiabatic systems. Total thermal balance through the entire liquid–solid system can predict the correct thermodynamic equilibrium values of melted (solidified) mass, system size, and interface position. In this work, total thermal balance is applied to systems with isothermal–adiabatic boundary conditions to estimate the sensible and latent heat stored (released) by KNO3 and KNO3/NaNO3 salts which are used as high-temperature phase change materials. Relative percent differences between the solutions obtained with a local thermal balance at the interface and a total thermal balance for the thermal energy absorbed or released by high-temperature phase change materials are obtained. According to the total thermal balance proposed, a correction to the liquid–solid interface dynamics is introduced, which accounts for an extra amount of energy absorbed or released during the phase transition. It is shown that melting or solidification rates are modified by using a total thermal balance through the entire system. Finally, the numerical and semi-analytical methods illustrate that volume changes and the fraction of melted (solidified) solid (liquid) estimated through a local thermal balance at the interface are not invariant in adiabatic systems. The invariance of numerical and semi-analytical solutions in adiabatic systems is significantly improved through the proposed model.     

静电纺丝法制备相变调温纤维及其性能

以丙酮和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为混合溶剂,实验室自制固-固相变材料为相变工作物质,醋酸纤维素（CDA）为高分子载体,利用静电纺丝技术制备了相变调温纤维,研究了溶剂配比、纺丝液浓度、纺丝电压等对纤维形貌的影响。结果表明：以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）和丙酮为溶剂（体积比为1/4）,在纺丝液质量分数为22%、纺丝...     

Energy Storage Properties of Phase Change Materials Prepared from PEG/CPP

Latent heat storage is one of the most efficient ways of storing thermal energy.Unlike the sensible heat storage method,the latent heat storage method provides much higher storage density,with a smaller temperature difference between storing and releasing heat.Phase change materials(PCMs)can be used for energy storage and temperature control1,2.Among them,the solid-solid phase change materials are focus of attention3,4.They can be applied in many fields such as solar energy utilization,waste…