压缩真空中的三能级原子的自发辐射

对压缩真空与Ｖ型三能级原子的相互作用作了理论分析,探讨了量子干涉效应对压缩真空中原子自发辐射的影响。当原子的上能级简并时强的量子干涉效应影响原子的定态和定态出射光谱,使它们对原子的初态敏感。这种情况下,压缩使谱线趋于关于压缩真空中心频率对称,量子干涉使谱线趋于不对称。     

Counter-Rotating Transition Mediated Coherent Effects in Spontaneous Emission in a Three-Level Atom

The coherent effects including counter-rotating coupling on spontaneous emission are presented for a microwave driven V-type three-level atom. Novel coherent effects are realized： （i） There is an infinite series of spectral lines, which are separated by the microwave frequency, independent of the separation of the excited states, no matter whether the microwave transition is resonant or not. This is in sharp contrast to the case of the weak coupling, where the spectral interval is mainly determined by the separation of the excited states. （ii） Selective appearance and inhibition of the spectral lines are obtained simply by varying the microwave Rabi frequency. （iii） Spectral lines have a twofold structure. The physical mechanisms are analysed by employing the dressed states representation.     

纠缠相干态光场驱动下∧-型三能级原子的辐射谱

采用时间演化算符方法,研究∧-型=三能级原子与纠缠相干态光场共振相互作用的辐射谱.给出了辐射谱一般公式,并讨论在纠缠相干态光场驱动下的辐射频谱结构.结果表明,无论下能级简并与否纠缠相干态光场平均光子数很小时均出现拉比分裂,且强度随双模光场纠缠程度的增加而增加.当两下能级简并时,若两模场的平均光子数较小,辐射谱呈现对称多峰结构,若两模场的平均光子数较大,辐射谱呈现对称五峰结构.当两下能级非简并时,若两模场的平均光子数较小,辐射谱呈现对称多峰结构.若两模场的平均光子数较大,辐射谱呈现对称十峰结构.纠缠相干光与非纠缠相干光辐射谱的本质差别有两点:一是双模光场强量子关联导致纠缠度越强拉比峰强度越高;二是存在纠缠时由于两模场相干性导致辐射谱呈现对称多峰结构.     

Λ-型三能级单原子的辐射谱

采用时间演化算符方法，研究腔内单模光场中Λ－型三能级单原子的辐射谱，给出了辐射谱一般公式，并讨论在粒子数纯态、相干态和热辐射三种光场激励下的辐射频谱结构。     

Spontaneous Emission of a Polarized Atom in a Medium Between Two Parallel Mirrors

Using the photon closed orbit theory, the spontaneous emission rate of a polarized atom in a medium between two parallel mirrors is derived and calculated. It is found that the spontaneous emission rate of a polarized atom between the mirrors is related to the atomic position and the polarization direction. The results show that in the vicinity of the mirror, the variation of the spontaneous emission rate depends crucially on the atomic polarization direction. With the increase of the polarization angle, the oscillation in the spontaneous emission rate becomes decreased. For the polarization direction parallel to the mirror plane, the oscillation is the greatest; while for the perpendicular polarization direction, the oscillation is nearly vanished. The agreement between our result and the quantum electrodynamics result suggests the correctness of our calculation. This study further verifies that the atomic spontaneous emission process can be effectively controlled by changing the polarization orientation of the atom.     

Spontaneous Emission of an Atom in a Spacetime with Two Parallel Reflecting Boundaries

We consider an inertial two-level atom in interaction with a real massless scalar quantum field in a spacetime between two parallel reflecting plane boundaries, and calculate the contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction to the rate of change of the atomic energy. Our results show that there exists a regime of the separation L between the two boundaries such that the excited atom＇s spontaneous emission is impossible. There also exist certain values of the atom＇s position such that the corrections due to the presence of boundaries balance each other, so that the atom＇s spontaneous emission rate is the same as if there were no boundaries at all.     

压缩真空中的三能级原子的自发辐射强场高次谐波时间特性的理论分析

对压缩真空与V型三能级原子的相互作用作了理论分析, 探讨了量子干涉效应对压缩真空中原子自发辐射的影响。当原子的上能级简并时强的量子干涉效应影响原子的定态和定态出射光谱, 使它们对原子的初态敏感。这种情况下, 压缩使谱线趋于关于压缩真空中心频率对称, 量子干涉使谱线趋于不对称。通过用单电子近似求解含时薛定谔方程, 用加窗傅里叶分析的方法, 分析了单原子产生的高次谐波的时间特性。理论分析表明, 基态粒子数消耗对不同级次谐波辐射的影响程度不一样; 谐波辐射随着入射激光场强度的增加会出现饱和; 随着谐波级次的增加, 谐波辐射越来越趋向于集中在更短的时间间隔内, 相应的线宽也随着谐波级次的增加而增加。     

Nonclasssical Properties in Two-Mode Fields Resonantly Interacting with a Three-Level -Type Atom

Some noclassical properties in electromagnetic field are investigated for the interaction of two-modes initially taken in coherent-state representation with the three-level -type atom, such as squeezing properties and violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. The enhancement of field squeezing is found by selective atomic measurement. The Cauchy-Schwartz inequality is violated by the application of the classical field followed by detection in excited state.     

Geometric Phase for a Three-Level Atoms Crosses a Double Cavity with Two Near Resonnat Fields

Pancharatnam phase and Berry phase are investigated and compared for a three-level atom crosses a double cavity with two near resonant fields. The results show that the time-dependent Pancharatnam phase shows a transitive phenomenon during the evolving process of physical system according to both the time and the space, while the Berry phase as a smooth function of space because of the accumulative effect.     

光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射

研究光子晶体中二能级原子的自发辐射。由于光的局域化以及缀饰态之间的量子相互作用 ,由局域场、传输场、弥散场组成的原子的辐射场发生变化 :随着激发态能级由禁带移往通带 ,发现局域场中的能量通过弥散场向传输场转移。当局域场和传输场共存时 ,激发态能级上的原子布居数的演化具有准振荡行为 ;当局域场和传输场不共存时 ,原子布居数的演化不具有准振荡行为。另外 ,激发态能级上的稳态原子布居数也发生改变。这些性质不仅依赖于原子的激发态能级ω1与光子频率能带边缘ωc 的相对位置δ,同时也依赖于光子晶体中带边缘的光子态密度 ρ(ωk) (或带边光滑参数ε)。     

Extracting Oscillation Frequencies in Spontaneous Emission Rate of an Atom Between Two Mirrors

For an atom in a medium with refractive index n sandwiched between two parallel mirrors, we derive an analytical formula for the spontaneous emission rate based on Fermi＇s golden rule. The oscillations are not transparent in this formula. By performing Fourier transform on scaling variable measuring system size while holding system configuration fixed, we extracted the frequencies of many oscillations in this system. We show that these oscillations correspond to emitted photon closed-orblts going away from and returning to the emitting atom.     

双色驻波场中梯形三能级原子所受整流偶极力的涨落分析

本文基于文献[1]利用双色驻波场作用于三能级原子获得宏观数量个光学波长上符号保持不变的整流偶极力的工作基础上,运用量子回归定理计算了所得整流偶极力在一个光学波长上的涨落.结果表明:原子偶极零点振动与光场幅度梯度相互作用引起的偶极力的涨落D1的值较大,是整流偶极力涨落的主要因素,且其随空间的变化规律与整流偶极力相似;原子偶极与真空零点振动相互作用导致偶极力的涨落Ds较小,几乎可以忽略不计.由于力的起伏所导致的加热效应不利于中性原子的偶极束缚[6].     

损耗腔中二能级原子的自发辐射谱

研究了耗散真空腔场中二能级单原子的辐射谱。推导出了原子辐射谱的一般表达式。讨论了腔的耗散系数以及在考虑腔耗散之后测量时间对辐射谱的影响。结果表明:当腔耗散系数增大时,峰的相对高度迅速减小,且数目减少;当腔耗散一定时,只有选择适当的测量时间,辐射谱才显现出比较明显的量子特性。     

低频微波场驱动的四能级原子系统自发辐射的相干控制

从理论上研究了四能级原子系统的自发辐射谱的性质,并讨论了原子各能级布居数随时间的演化情况。该四能级原子被一个相干探测场、一个耦合激光场和一个低频微波场驱动,其中两个上能级由低频微波场耦合。研究表明,通过控制低频微波场的位相和振幅,可以得到各种不同的光谱特征,如谱线变窄,谱线增强,谱线被抑制,完全荧光猝灭等现象。     

Entangled Fields in Multiple Cavities by Interaction with One Three-Level Atom

We present a scheme to entangle fields in multiple cavities. Our scheme is based on the resonant interaction of a Ξ-type three-level atom with the cavity fields for precalculated interaction time, which enables us to generate a quantum entangled Greenberger-Horn-Zeilinger (GHZ) state of fields in multiple cavities. In principle, the scheme can be also generalized to generate N-party GHZ state. The required experimental techniques are within the scope of what can be obtained in the microwave cavity QED set up.     

原子在两个平行镜面间两层电介质板中的自发辐射率

利用光子的闭合轨道理论,我们研究了原子在两个平行镜面间两层电介质板（折射率分别为n1,n2）中的自发辐射率. 自发辐射率呈现出多周期的振荡结构。自发辐射率的傅立叶变换中的每一个峰和光子从原子出发到返回原子的一条闭合轨道相对应。结果表明自发辐射率和两层电介质的宽度和折射率有关。和只有一层电介质的辐射率比较,当两层电介质的折射率n1 和 n2 差别很小时, 两层电介质之间分界面的反射效应可以忽略;但是当二者的差别很大时,发射效应变得非常重要且自发辐射率中的振荡减弱。本文的结果为原子在不同电介质间的自发辐射率的研究提供了新的理解。     

Control of Spontaneous Emission from a Microwave Field Coupled Five-Level M-type Atom in Photonic Crystals

We investigate the spontaneous emission spectrum of a five-level M-type atom driven by a microwave field, in which one lower level is coupled by the same modified reservoir to two upper levels. The results show that a few interesting phenomena in spontaneous emission spectra, such as spectral-line shift, spectral-line enhancement and spectral-line suppression, which can be controlled by adjusting the proper parameters of the system. These phenomena can originate from quantum interference of the strong coupling system.     

Decoupling Bang-Bang Group for Adiabatic Decoherence Control in a Three-Level Atom

In this paper, we study the control problem of adiabatic decoherence in a three-level atom. We will find the decoupling bang-bang group for various configurations, including the V configuration and the cascade type of three-levelatom subjected to adiabatic decoherence. We also give the programs to design a sequence of periodic twinborn pulses to suppress the decoherence.     

Decoupling Bang-Bang Group for Adiabatic Decoherence Control in a Three-Level Atom

In this paper, we study the control problem of adiabatic decoherence in a three-level atom. We will find thedecoupling bang-bang group for various configurations, including the V configuration and the cascade type of three-level atom subjected to adiabatic decoherence. We also give the programs to design a sequence of periodic twinborn pulses to suppress the decoherence.     

克尔介质中纠缠光与三能级原子作用的光子统计

采用求解薛定谔方程和数值计算方法,研究了克尔介质中双模纠缠相干光场与三能级原子相互作用系统的光子统计性质,分析了双模纠缠相干光场的纠缠程度、克尔介质与光场的耦合强度、双模光的平均光子数和原子基态概率幅对光子统计性质的影响。结果表明：双模纠缠相干光场的纠缠程度对光子统计性质没有明显的影响;克尔效应增强使光子统计性质的时闻演化曲线的振荡频率变大、振荡幅度变小;当保持场模1的平均光子数不变而场模2的平均光子数变小时,光子统计性质的时间演化曲线的振荡幅度变大。