Noncommutative integration for traces with values in Kantorovich-Pinsker spaces

In this paper we consider traces on a von Neumann algebra M with values in complex Kantorovich-Pinsker spaces. We establish the connection between the convergence with respect to the trace and the convergence locally in measure in the algebra S(M) of measurable operators affiliated with M. We define the (bo)-complete lattice-normed spaces of integrable operators in S(M) and prove that they are decomposable if the trace possesses the Maharam property.     

Topologies on central extensions of von Neumann algebras

Given a von Neumann algebra M, we consider the central extension E(M) of M. We introduce the topology t _c(M) on E(M) generated by a center-valued norm and prove that it coincides with the topology of local convergence in measure on E(M) if and only if M does not have direct summands of type II. We also show that t _c(M) restricted to the set E(M) _h of self-adjoint elements of E(M) coincides with the order topology on E(M) _h if and only if M is a σ-finite type I_fin von Neumann algebra.     

The Daugavet Property of C*-Algebras and Non-commutative Lp-Spaces

We prove that a C ^*-algebra A or a predual N _* of a von Neumann algebra N has the Daugavet property if and only if A (or N) is non-atomic. We also prove a similar (although somewhat weaker) result for non-commutative L _p-spaces corresponding to non-atomic von Neumann algebras.     

Preduals of von Neumann Algebras

Proofs of two assertions are sketched. 1) If the Banach space of a von Neumann algebra A is the third dual of some Banach space, then the space A is isometrically isomorphic to the second dual of some von Neumann algebra A and the von Neumann algebra A is uniquely determined by its enveloping von Neumann algebra (up to von Neumann algebra isomorphism) and is the unique second predual of A (up to isometric isomorphism of Banach spaces). 2) An infinite-dimensional von Neumann algebra cannot have preduals of all orders.     

Topological algebras with maximal regular ideals closed

It is shown that all maximal regular ideals in a Hausdorff topological algebra A are closed if the von Neumann bornology of A has a pseudo-basis which consists of idempotent and completant absolutely pseudoconvex sets. Moreover, all ideals in a unital commutative sequentially Mackey complete Hausdorff topological algebra A with jointly continuous multiplication and bounded elements are closed if the von Neumann bornology of A is idempotently pseudoconvex.     

Embedding of non-commutative <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Superscript>-spaces: <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> < 1

If (N,t) ({\cal N},\tau) is a finite von Neumann algebra and if (M,n) ({\cal M},\nu) is an infinite von Neumann algebra, then L_p(M,n) L_{p}({\cal M},\nu) does not Banach embed in L_p(N,t) L_{p}({\cal N},\tau) for all p ? (0,1) p\in (0,1) . We also characterize subspaces of $ L_{p}({\cal N},\tau),\ 0< p <1 $ L_{p}({\cal N},\tau),\ 0< p <1 containing a copy of l_p.     

Embeddings of non-commutative Lp-spaces into non-commutative L1-spaces, 1 < p < 2

It will be shown that for 1 < p < 2 the Schatten p-class is isometrically isomorphic to a subspace of the predual of a von Neumann algebra. Similar results hold for non-commutative L_p(N, t) L_p(N, \tau) -spaces defined by a finite trace on a finite von Neumann algebra. The embeddings rely on a suitable notion of p-stable processes in the non-commutative setting.     

Generalized notion of a trace for von Neumann algebras

On a von Neumann algebra M, we consider traces with values in the algebra L ⁰ of measurable complex-valued functions. We show that every faithful normal L ⁰-valued trace on M generates an L ⁰-valued metric on the algebra of measurable operators that are affiliated with M. Moreover, convergence in this metric coincides with local convergence in measure.     

(<Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>)-Topology in *-algebras of locally measurable operators

We consider the topology t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) of convergence locally in measure in the *-algebra LS( M ) LS\left( \mathcal{M} \right) of all locally measurable operators affiliated to the von Neumann algebra M \mathcal{M} . We prove that t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) coincides with the (o)-topology in LS_h( M ) = { T ? LS( M ):T* = T } L{S_h}\left( \mathcal{M} \right) = \left\{ {T \in LS\left( \mathcal{M} \right):T* = T} \right\} if and only if the algebra M \mathcal{M} is σ-finite and is of finite type. We also establish relations between t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) and various topologies generated by a faithful normal semifinite trace on M \mathcal{M} .     

The kadec-klee property in symmetric spaces of measurable operators

We show that ifE is a separable symmetric Banach function space on the positive half-line thenE has the Kadec-Klee property if and only if, for every semifinite von Neumann algebra (M, τ), the associated spaceE(M, τ) ofτ-measurable operators has the Kadec-Klee property. Research supported by the Australian Research Council.     

Strongly 1-Bounded Von Neumann Algebras

Suppose F is a finite tuple of selfadjoint elements in a tracial von Neumann algebra M. For α > 0, F is α-bounded if where is the free packing α-entropy of F introduced in [J3]. M is said to be strongly 1-bounded if M has a 1-bounded finite tuple of selfadjoint generators F such that there exists an with . It is shown that if M is strongly 1-bounded, then any finite tuple of selfadjoint generators G for M is 1-bounded and δ₀(G) ≤ 1; consequently, a strongly 1-bounded von Neumann algebra is not isomorphic to an interpolated free group factor and δ₀ is an invariant for these algebras. Examples of strongly 1-bounded von Neumann algebras include (separable) II ₁-factors which have property Γ, have Cartan subalgebras, are non-prime, or the group von Neumann algebras of . If M and N are strongly 1-bounded and M ∩ N is diffuse, then the von Neumann algebra generated by M and N is strongly 1-bounded. In particular, a free product of two strongly 1-bounded von Neumann algebras with amalgamation over a common, diffuse von Neumann subalgebra is strongly 1-bounded. It is also shown that a II ₁-factor generated by the normalizer of a strongly 1-bounded von Neumann subalgebra is strongly 1-bounded. Received: November 2005, Revision: March 2006, Accepted: March 2006     

Minimal generating reflexive lattices of projections in finite von Neumann algebras

We show that the reflexive lattice generated by a double triangle lattice of projections in a finite von Neumann algebra is topologically homeomorphic to the two-dimensional sphere S ² (plus two distinct points corresponding to zero and I). Furthermore, such a reflexive lattice is in general minimally generating for the von Neumann algebra it generates. As an application, we show that if a reflexive lattice F{\mathcal F} generates the algebra M_n(\mathbb C){M_n(\mathbb C)} of all n × n complex matrices, for some n ≥ 3, then F\{0,I}{\mathcal F\setminus\{0,I\}} is connected if and only if it is homeomorphic to S ².     

AlgebraicK-theory of von Neumann algebras

To every von Neumann algebra, one can associate a (multiplicative) determinant defined on the invertible elements of the algebra with range a subgroup of the Abelian group of the invertible elements of the center of the von Neumann algebra. This determinant is a normalization of the usual determinant for finite von Neumann algebras of type I, for the type II₁-case it is the Fuglede-Kadison determinant, and for properly infinite von Neumann algebras the determinant is constant equal to 1. It is proved that every invertible element of determinant 1 is a product of a finite number of commutators. This extends a result of T. Fack and P. de la Harpe for II₁-factors. As a corollary, it follows that the determinant induces an injection from the algebraicK ₁-group of the von Neumann algebra into the Abelian group of the invertible elements of the center. Its image is described. Another group,K ₁ ^w (A), which is generated by elements in matrix algebras overA that induce injective right multiplication maps, is also computed. We use the Fuglede-Kadison determinant to detect elements in the Whitehead group Wh(G).Partially supported by NSF Grant DMS-9103327.     

Local and 2-local derivations on noncommutative Arens algebras

The paper is devoted to so-called local and 2-local derivations on the noncommutative Arens algebra L ^ω(M,τ) associated with a von Neumann algebra M and a faithful normal semi-finite trace τ. We prove that every 2-local derivation on L ^ω(M,τ) is a spatial derivation, and if M is a finite von Neumann algebra, then each local derivation on L ^ω(M,τ) is also a spatial derivation and every 2-local derivation on M is in fact an inner derivation.     

Completely almost periodic functionals

Using the notion of complete compactness introduced by H.  Saar, we define completely almost periodic functionals on completely contractive Banach algebras. We show that, if (M, Γ) is a Hopf–von Neumann algebra with M injective, then the space of completely almost periodic functionals on M _* is a C*-subalgebra of M.     

On density of transitive operator algebras

In this paper we study the transitive algebra question by considering the invariant subspace problem relative to von Neumann algebras. We prove that the algebra (not necessarily ∗) generated by a pair of sums of two unitary generators of L(F_∞) and its commutant is strong-operator dense in B(H). The relations between the transitive algebra question and the invariant subspace problem relative to some von Neumann algebras are discussed.     

Maximality of entropy in finite von Neumann algebras

It is shown that the entropy function H(N ₁,…,N _k ) on finite dimensional von Neumann subalgebras of a finite von Neumann algebra attains its maximal possible value H(⋁ℓ=1k N _ℓ) if and only if there exists a maximal abelian subalgebra A of ⋁ℓ=1k N _ℓ such that A=⋁ℓ=1k(A∩N _ℓ). Oblatum 24-IV-1997 & 6-V-1997     

Classically Normal Pure States

A pure state f of a von Neumann algebra is called classically normal if f is normal on any von Neumann subalgebra of on which f is multiplicative. Assuming the continuum hypothesis, a separably represented von Neumann algebra M has classically normal, singular pure states iff there is a central projection p ∈M such that pMp is a factor of type I_∞, II, or III.     

On Sets of Measurable Operators Convex and Closed in Topology of Convergence in Measure

For a von Neumann algebra with a faithful normal semifinite trace, the properties of operator “intervals” of three types for operators measurable with respect to the trace are investigated. The first two operator intervals are convex and closed in the topology of convergence in measure, while the third operator interval is convex for all nonnegative operators if and only if the von Neumann algebra is Abelian. A sufficient condition for the operator intervals of the second and third types not to be compact in the topology of convergence in measure is found. For the algebra of all linear bounded operators in a Hilbert space, the operator intervals of the second and third types cannot be compact in the norm topology. A nonnegative operator is compact if and only if its operator interval of the first type is compact in the norm topology. New operator inequalities are proved. Applications to Schatten–von Neumann ideals are obtained. Two examples are considered.     

TORSION THEORIES FOR FINITE VON NEUMANN ALGEBRAS

ABSTRACT

The study of modules over a finite von Neumann algebra 𝒜 can be advanced by the use of torsion theories. In this work, some torsion theories for 𝒜 are presented, compared, and studied. In particular, we prove that the torsion theory (T, P) (in which a module is torsion if it is zero-dimensional) is equal to both Lambek and Goldie torsion theories for 𝒜.

Using torsion theories, we describe the injective envelope of a finitely generated projective 𝒜-module and the inverse of the isomorphism K ₀(𝒜) → K ₀ (𝒰), where 𝒰 is the algebra of affiliated operators of 𝒜. Then the formula for computing the capacity of a finitely generated module is obtained. Lastly, we study the behavior of the torsion and torsion-free classes when passing from a subalgebra ? of a finite von Neumann algebra 𝒜 to 𝒜. With these results, we prove that the capacity is invariant under the induction of a ?-module.