准相位匹配非线性切连科夫倍频与和频效应

研究了两维光学超晶格光波导中的准相位匹配切连科夫(Cerenkov)倍频与和频效应,利用光学超晶格的不同倒格矢实现了多组准相位匹配切连科夫倍频与和频的同时输出,从理论和实验两个方面探讨了光学微结构材料中非线性切连科夫辐射产生的机制、效应和可能的应用.     

准相位匹配非线性切连科夫倍频与和频效应

研究了两维光学超晶格光波导中的准相位匹配切连科夫（Cerenkov）倍频与和频效应, 利用光学超晶格的不同倒格矢实现了多组准相位匹配切连科夫倍频与和频的同时输出, 从理论和实验两个方面探讨了光学微结构材料中非线性切连科夫辐射产生的机制、效应和可能的应用.     

借助标志点的深度数据全局匹配方法

深度数据匹配是三维光学测量系统的关键问题,借助标志点匹配方法具有廉价、方便、快速等优点,但当前该方法对多视场数据匹配的误差积累问题没有解决.阐述一种借助非编码标志点进行深度数据匹配的方法,利用图像处理及模式识别技术提取标志点,并由光学测量系统标定信息获得标志点三维局部坐标,利用欧式空间距离的刚体不变性,完成两个视场深度数据的精确匹配.并提出一种全局迭代优化算法完成对多个视场深度数据的全局精确匹配,避免了误差积累,最大匹配误差从0.123 mm降到0.076 mm.实验证实了方法的有效性,不仅可以自动、快速完成两个视场深度数据的精确匹配,而且解决了对多个视场深度数据匹配的误差积累问题.     

基于极线局部校正的特征匹配方法

针对利用多视图像进行目标三维测量、结构重建时在极线约束下对直接区域灰度相关进行同名特征匹配常常失效的问题,提出了一种基于极线局部校正的特征匹配算法。介绍了极线约束匹配的原理,分析了相关方法在极线约束匹配中的缺陷以及在多种像机位姿配置下的图像特征间的约束关系,在此基础上提出了一种极线局部区域校正的方法,对待匹配区域进行校正使自动相关匹配能有效执行,结合最小二乘匹配得到了高精度的匹配结果。实验结果证明了新算法的有效性,大大提高了自动匹配的可靠性、速度和精度。     

基于Markov随机场的新型景像匹配算法

为了提高景像匹配导航系统的定位精度,给出了一种基于Markov随机场理论和极大后验概率估计的新型景像匹配算法。考虑到在x方向和y方向位置偏差的实时图与基准图之间的灰度分布关系,利用图像上的灰度分布服从Markvov随机场分布这一特性,建立了景像匹配问题的条件概率分布模型。应用最小二乘法和噪声的先验统计信息估计位置偏差的方差,给出了描述基准图与实时图之间灰度偏差的测量模型,确定了测量的统计特性。基于极大后验概率估计准则计算了位置偏差的估值。由于新算法在计算位置偏差估值时用到了被估量和噪声的统计信息,因此具有很高的精度。将该算法与最小二乘景像匹配算法进行了仿真比较。仿真结果表明,新算法的匹配精度达到了0.1~0.2像素,高于最小二乘匹配算法的匹配精度。     

基于SAM-ED光谱匹配的绝缘子污秽类型检测方法研究

污闪是威胁电网安全可靠运行的重要原因之一，污秽类型差异将直接影响闪络电压大小。因此，及时掌握绝缘子污秽类型信息对预防污闪有重要作用。为此提出了一种基于SAM-ED光谱匹配的绝缘子污秽类型检测方法。采集不同污秽类型样本高光谱数据，经黑白校正及多元散射校正(MSC)去除噪声等干扰因素；利用竞争自适应重加权采样法(CARS)对光谱数据进行特征选取，分别在特征波段和全波段范围内通过SAM-ED光谱匹配法将测试组样本光谱与参考光谱进行匹配，根据匹配结果对样本进行分类；实验结果表明：相比于光谱角匹配法和最小距离法，SAM-ED光谱匹配法检测效果更好；基于全波长数据进行SAM-ED光谱匹配准确率可达95%,基于特征波长数据进行SAM-ED光谱匹配准确率可达98.33%。     

低温下ZnSe－ZnS多量子阱的光致发光光谱和喇曼散射谱

本文报导了２Ｋ下，在ＧａＡｓ（１００）衬底上用ＭＯＣＶＤ方法生长的ＺｎＳｅ－ＺｎＳ多量子阱材料的光致发光光谱和喇曼散射谱．用共振激发、共振喇曼和共振瑞利散射等方法对各发光谱带和喇曼散射峰的来源和机制进行了鉴别．     

TOFD图像时域解混叠的自适应匹配追踪方法*

当TOFD检测的时域分辨率不足时,小缺陷的上下端点衍射波会出现时域混叠,难以准确判断缺陷性质及测量缺陷高度。为解决此问题,提出了自适应匹配追踪算法,该算法利用主成分分析法从检测图像中提取匹配追踪原子,根据散射规律生成字典,通过正交匹配追踪算法实现对时域混叠信号的分离,并使用投影矢量重新成像,实现对缺陷上下端点的有效区分。该方法能够改进TOFD技术在小缺陷测高方面的不足,试验证明,该方法对薄板对接接头中高度为1.80 mm的埋藏缺陷测量误差小于0.30 mm。     

基于区域协方差的惯性组合导航景象匹配算法

 针对景象匹配辅助惯性组合导航系统需要快速准确获取飞行器位置和航向偏差的要求,提出了一种基于区域协方差的实时图像匹配算法.算法采用区域协方差矩阵的距离作为图像匹配时的相似性度量.首先,对图像进行高斯平滑滤波,提取图像的多种特征计算区域协方差矩阵,利用金字塔多级匹配技术进行全局搜索,获得测试图在参考图中像素级匹配位置.然后,利用全局匹配的结果,在实测图上选取多个局部区域,分别进行局部搜索匹配,获取参考图和实测图中一一对应的局部匹配集.最后,利用RANSAC算法和最小二乘算法计算出两幅图像间的最优相似变换参量.仿真分析表明,该算法能满足景象匹配辅助惯性组合导航系统实时性、精确性和鲁棒性的要求.     

基于二进制比特串描述符的惯性组合导航高速景象匹配算法

针对景象匹配辅助惯性组合导航系统需要快速准确获取飞行器位置、航向偏差的要求,提出了一种基于二进制比特串描述符的高速景象匹配算法,尤其适合于计算资源有限的景象匹配场合.算法首先提取环绕中心极值局部特征,然后计算特征点的二进制比特串描述符,接着利用描述符之间的汉明距离进行快速特征匹配.最后,利用分组采样一致算法和最小二乘算...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.