Rotation number for non-autonomous linear Hamiltonian systems II: The Floquet coefficient

This paper is the second of a two-part series in which we review the properties of the rotation number for a random family of linear non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems. In Part I, we defined the rotation number for such a family and discussed its basic properties. Here we define and study a complex quantity - the Floquet coefficient w - for such a family. The rotation number is the imaginary part of w. We derive a basic trace formula satisfied by w, and give applications to Atkinson-type spectral problems. In particular we use w to discuss the convergence properties of the Weyl M-functions, the Kotani theory, and the gap-labelling phenomenon for these problems.     

Rotation number for non-autonomous linear Hamiltonian systems I: Basic properties

This paper concerns the rotation number for a random family of linear non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems. Several definitions corresponding to its analytic and geometrical approaches are presented, and some of its main properties are studied, as its continuity and its relation with the presence of exponential dichotomy.     

Geometric integration of non-autonomous linear Hamiltonian problems

Symplectic integration of autonomous Hamiltonian systems is a well-known field of study in geometric numerical integration, but for non-autonomous systems the situation is less clear, since symplectic structure requires an even number of dimensions. We show that one possible extension of symplectic methods in the autonomous setting to the non-autonomous setting is obtained by using canonical transformations. Many existing methods fit into this framework. We also perform experiments which indicate that for exponential integrators, the canonical and symmetric properties are important for good long time behaviour. In particular, the theoretical and numerical results support the well documented fact from the literature that exponential integrators for non-autonomous linear problems have superior accuracy compared to general ODE schemes.     

Invariant normalization of non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems

A new algorithm is proposed for reducing non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems to normal Birkhoff form. The criterion for the normal form is the condition that the vector fields of the perturbed and unperturbed parts of the system should commute. The invariant character of the criterion enables the system to be normalized in a unified way, without first simplifying the unperturbed part and without distinguishing between resonance and non-resonance, or autonomous and non-autonomous, cases. The whole algorithm reduces to a one-dimensional recurrence formula. The result is obtained by using the Campbell-Hausdorff formula for the ring of asymptotic forms, as well as the solution of a homologicla equation in the form of a quadrature. Three examples are considered to illustrate the various special features of the new algorithm. One of the examples is of interest for nuclear magnetic resonance theory.     

Floquet theorem for linear implicit nonautonomous difference systems

The aim of this paper is to develop the Floquet theory for linear implicit difference systems (LIDS). It is proved that any index-1 LIDS can be transformed into its Kronecker normal form. Then the Floquet theorem on the representation of the fundamental matrix of index-1 periodic LIDS has been established. As an immediate consequence, the Lyapunov reduction theorem is proved. Some applications of the obtained results are discussed.     

m-functions and Floquet exponents for linear differential systems

Sunto Si definisce un esponente di Floquet per certe equazioni differenziali lineari nonperiodiche, la parte immaginaria del quale rappresenta una «rotazione» delle soluzioni di dette equazioni. Inoltre si discute la relazione fra l'esponente di Floquet e le funzioni m di Weyl-Kodaira, e fra la rotazione e certi problemi spettrali.

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The author would like to thank Dr. RichardCushman for stimulating conversations on the subjects considered in this paper.     

The existence of periodic solutions of non-autonomous second-order Hamiltonian systems

The purpose of this paper is to study the existence of periodic solutions for a class of non-autonomous second-order Hamiltonian systems. Some new existence theorems are obtained by using the least action principle and the saddle point theorem.     

二阶非自治Hamilton 系统周期解的新结果

研究了二阶非自治Hamilton系统（t）-B（t）x（t）＋▽H（t,x（t））=0,在局部超二次条件下周期解的存在性问题,利用山路定理和局部环绕定理得到了新的存在性定理,改进了已有结果.     

非自治二阶Hamilton系统的周期解

本文推广了Willem的一个结果,Willem研究的受迫周期振动要求受迫势能关于空间变量是周期的,而本文只要求受迫势能对时间变量积分后关于空间变量是周期的,该结果包括了单摆的受迫振动.本文将用直接变分最小方法和Rabinowtz的鞍点定理来研究当势函数对时间变量积分后是周期时受迫摆方程的周期解.     

Periodic solutions of non-autonomous second order Hamiltonian systems

The purpose of this paper is to study the existence of periodic solutions for a class of non-autonomous second order Hamiltonian system. Some new existence theorems are obtained by the least action principle.     

Adiabatic invariants for linear Hamiltonian systems

n independent adiabatic invariants in involution are found for a slowly varying Hamiltonian system of order 2n × 2n. The Hamiltonian system considered is $\text{?}\text{u}\text{?}\text{= A(t)u}\text{as}\text{? → 0}{}^{\mathrm{+}}$, where A(t) is a 2n × 2n real matrix with distinct, pure imaginary eigen values for each t? [?∞, ∞], and $\text{d}{}^{\mathrm{(j)}}\text{A}\text{dt}{}^{\mathrm{(j)}}\text{? L}{}_{\mathrm{j}}\text{(?∞, ∞)}$, for all j > 0. The adiabatic invariants I_s(u, t), s = 1,…, n are expressed in terms of the eigen vectors of A(t). Approximate solutions for the system to arbitrary order of ? are obtained uniformly for t? [?∞, ∞].     

Periodic and subharmonic solutions for a class of non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems

Some existence theorems are obtained for periodic and subharmonic solutions of a class of non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems. Our technical approach is based on a version of the Local Linking Theorem, and the Generalized Mountain Pass Theorem.     

Homoclinic solutions for a class of non-autonomous subquadratic second-order Hamiltonian systems

In this paper we consider the existence of homoclinic solutions for the following second-order non-autonomous Hamiltonian system:

(HS)     

New existence of periodic solutions for second order non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems

By using mountain pass theorem and local link theorem, some existence theorems are obtained for periodic solutions of second order non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems under local superquadratic condition and other suitable conditions.     

Interval oscillation criteria for linear Hamiltonian systems

In this paper some new oscillation criteria of interval type for linear matrix Hamiltonian systems are established which are different from most known ones in the sense that they are based on the information only on a sequence of subinterval of [t₀, ∞) rather than on the whole half line. Our results are shaper than previous results. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)