空芯光子带隙光纤成栅机理及特性研究EI北大核心CSCD

利用有限元法和局域耦合模理论对空芯光子带隙光纤成栅机理进行了分析。建立了空芯光子带隙光纤包层空气孔塌缩模型,分析计算了纤芯基模(LP01)和一阶包层模(LP11)在塌缩区域内有效折射率分布和耦合系数分布,得到了LP01和LP11耦合的传输谱。在此基础上研究了光纤结构参数(空气孔直径和孔间距)、光栅参数(光栅周期和周期个数)、塌缩程度和塌缩方式对谐振波长的影响。研究结果表明,随着空气孔直径的增大、孔间距的减小、光栅周期的增大和塌缩程度的减小,其谐振波长向短波方向发生漂移;随着周期个数的增大,其谐振波长未发生明显漂移;此外,与圆对称塌缩相比,非对称塌缩谐振波长向短波方向移动。     

传输可见光的空芯光子带隙光纤的研究

利用全矢量平面波展开法(FVPWM)对采用改进的两次堆积法制备的空芯光子带隙光纤进行了数值模拟.在特定传播常数β下,光纤在500—1000 nm的波段内出现多条宽窄不同的有效光子带隙.依据有效折射率的不同,部分带隙中的空气-导模将以不同的形式存在.经过实验测试,发现测得的带隙位置相对于模拟结果向短波段发生了较明显的移动,主要原因被认为是光纤结构的纵向不均匀性和包层节点处间隙孔的存在. 关键词： 空芯光子带隙光纤 全矢量平面波展开法 有效光子带隙 空气-导模     

空芯光子晶体光纤表面模损耗控制的研究

本文研究了纤芯结构对空芯光子晶体光纤光子带隙和传输损耗的影响,得到了适合光纤制备工艺的纤芯结构．首先利用平面波展开法计算了一定占空比三角形结构的空芯光子晶体光纤的带隙结构,给出了在传输波长λ=1．55μm时光纤的结构参数值,并模拟了纤芯直径对带隙位置和大小的影响,得出纤芯直径的取值范围,通过分析泄露损耗特性得出纤芯壁厚的取值．然后根据分析结果设计出了光纤端面图,运用全矢量有限元法模拟出在不同纤芯直径的情况下的模场分布,通过对比分析得出光纤的最佳纤芯半径R为1．6以-1．75A．研究结果表明,选择合适的纤芯结构既能满足空芯光子晶体光纤的光子带隙和损耗特征,又可以适当降低光纤制备工艺的难度．     

光子带隙光纤的可调谐泄漏损耗特性的研究

通过向折射率引导型光子晶体光纤的空气孔中填充可调的高折射率的材料可以获得带隙可调的光子带隙光纤.本文采用矢量平面波展开法与矢量有限元法对可调光子带隙光纤的泄漏损耗特性进行了理论研究.研究表明，这种可调光子带隙光纤的光子带隙效应使其泄漏损耗与填充材料的折射率有很强的依赖关系，同时给出了光子带隙光纤的泄漏损耗和群速度色散与归一化波长的关系.     

低损宽频高双折射太赫兹光子带隙光纤

设计了一种低损耗、宽频段、高双折射太赫兹光子带隙光纤,呈三角晶格排列的亚波长空气孔包层实现了带隙的局域作用.利用全矢量有限元法对光纤的双折射及损耗特性进行了理论分析.结果表明,在大约0.3 THz的宽频范围内,类矩形纤芯太赫兹光子带隙光纤的损耗小于0.009 cm^-1,相双折射在10^-3数量级,群双折射可达10^-2数量级. 关键词： 太赫兹 太赫兹波导 光子晶体光纤 双折射     

空芯光子带隙光纤纤芯-包层交界面的设计

利用平面波展开法计算了圆六边形空气孔按三角形排列的光子晶体带隙,基于带隙图设计了移去7根玻璃毛细管形成纤芯、传输波长λ=1.55 μm的空芯光子带隙光纤的结构参量.随后利用全矢量有限元法计算了所设计的在纤芯-包层交界面处引入石英环的光纤,给出了在不同半径情况下沿z轴方向的光强分布、光强等高线分布图和损耗随引入石英环相对厚度的变化曲线.得出了光纤消除表面模、减小损耗的纤芯外半径取值范围为1.55Λ～1.7Λ,石英环的相对厚度取值范围为1.3～1.5或3.4～3.8.通过分析发现石英环的引入既可以抑制表面模也可以激发表面模,抑制还是激发有赖于纤芯外半径和石英环厚度的选择.     

空芯带隙型光子晶体光纤整体空气孔包层导光特性研究

 传统光纤包层中仅存在泄漏的倏逝波,能量较小,不利于包层传感的应用。增大包层中的能量,实现整体包层导光是提高光纤传感灵敏度的有效途径。从理论上分析了利用空芯带隙型光子晶体光纤(HC-PCF)包层进行导光的机理。在实验上选用带隙外的冷光源和激光对一种典型结构的HC-PCF进行了空气孔包层的导光实验,并利用折射率引导型光子晶体光纤和单模光纤进行对比实验。结果表明,带隙范围外光波在HC-PCF中传输时将不受禁带效应的约束泄露至包层中重新分布。包层中SiO2与空气孔的周期型结构将光波约束在高折射率介质中,实现HC-PCF整体空气孔包层中光波的稳定传输。PBG-PCF包层的整体导光在传感上有提高灵敏度的潜在价值。     

4.3μm低损耗硫系空芯光子带隙光纤结构设计及性能研究

运用平面波展开法分析As2S3、Ge20Se65Sb15和As2Se3硫系玻璃光纤在不同空气填充率下的带隙分布图,分析结果表明三种材料在空气填充率提高到0.75时,光子带隙与空气线均出现交汇模式,且带隙宽度大,纤芯空气孔中适宜进行激光传输.运用有限元法分析不同纤芯孔直径的Ge20Se65Sb15硫系玻璃空芯光子带隙光纤的基模限制损耗和有效模场面积,结果表明纤芯直径9.2μm时限制损耗最低,模场面积较小.通过优化光纤的结构参量,适合于4.3μm波长处高功率中红外激光传输的空芯光子带隙光纤,其限制损耗为0.00472dB/m,有效模场面积为58.046μm2.     

V形高双折射光子晶体光纤特性研究

本文基于全矢量有限元法,设计了一种V形结构高双折射光子晶体光纤,数值分析结果表明:当光纤的包层孔间距Λ为1.0 μm,包层大空气孔D和小空气孔d分别为0.95 μm,0.7 μm时,在波长为1.55 μm处,该光纤的双折射度B达到1.225×10^-2,比传统光纤高约两个数量级. 另外,分别在可见光和近红外波段出现了两个零色散波长,使钛宝石飞秒激光器工作波段(700—980 nm) 处于光纤的反常色散区,为新颖的光子晶体 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 高双折射 有限元法 V形结构     

空芯光子晶体光纤光子带隙的测量与数值模拟

用全矢量平面波法计算三角结构光子晶体光纤的带隙. 用透射法测量了自制的空芯光子晶体光纤的透射谱,得到了它在可见光波段透射强度与波长的关系,并在随后的实验中观测到了传光的模场图.通过理论模拟了实验所用的空芯光子晶体光纤的带隙图,与实验结果具有较好的一致性. 关键词： 空芯光子晶体光纤 光子带隙 全矢量平面波法 透射     

Dispersion properties of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers based on a square lattice cladding

In this paper the dispersion properties and confinement loss of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers (PBGFs) based on a square lattice (SL) with rounded square air-holes was investigated for the first time, by using a full-vector finite element method (FEM). The waveguide group velocity dispersion (GVD) curves with different core diameter D, air hole size d, rounded diameter d_c and hole pitch Λ are presented. The influence of the number of cladding rings on dispersion and confinement loss were also calculated. It was found that as Λ or d increases, the width of PBG becomes wider, and that D and the number of cladding rings have a smaller influence on waveguide GVD. The ratio between bandgap width and central wavelength in our simulation is about 38.1%, which is larger than that of hollow-core PBGFs with triangular lattice (TL) (∼25%). By simulation, the desired zero dispersion wavelength or desired dispersion slope could be obtained by properly choosing the value of d_c or Λ. Compared to TL PBGF, at least nine cladding rings is needed to achieve the confinement loss less than 0.1 dB/m for future application.     

Zero dispersion wavelength and dispersion slope control of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibres

This paper investigates the zero dispersion wavelength and dispersion slope control of hollow-core photonic bandgap fibres (PBGFs) by using a full-vector finite element method. By simulation we found that theoretically the zero dispersion wavelength can be tailored by respectively changing the rounded diameter of air holes, pitch, refractive index, normalized thickness of core rings, and hole diameter to pitch ratio. At the same time the tailoring of dispersion slope can also be realized by changing the rounded diameter of air holes or pitch or normalized thickness of core rings. To illustrate the reasonability of fibre designs, this paper also gives the variance of normalized interface field intensity which measures the scattering loss relatively versus wavelength for different designs. From the viewpoint of loss, varying the rounded diameter and the thickness of core ring could shift zero wavelength but it is difficult to get the required parameters within so tiny range in practical drawing of PBGFs, on the other hand, it is possible in practice to respectively alter the pitch and refractive index to shift zero wavelength. But varying hole diameter to pitch ratio is not worthwhile because they each induce large increase of loss and narrowness of transmission bandwidth. The zero dispersion wavelength can be engineered by respectively varying the rounded diameter of air holes, pitch, refractive index, and normalized thickness of core rings without incurring large loss penalties.     

Silica-air photonic crystal fiber design that permits waveguiding by a true photonic bandgap effect

A theoretical investigation of a novel type of optical fiber is presented. The operation of the fiber relies entirely on wave guidance through the photonic bandgap effect and not on total internal reflection, thereby distinguishing that fiber from all other known fibers, including recently studied photonic crystal fibers. The novel fiber has a central low-index core region and a cladding consisting of a silica background material with air holes situated within a honeycomb lattice structure. We show the existence of photonic bandgaps for the silica-air cladding structure and demonstrate how light can be guided at the central low-index core region for a well-defined frequency that falls inside the photonic bandgap region of the cladding structure.     

Design of air-guiding honeycomb photonic bandgap fiber

We introduce a design procedure for hollow-core photonic bandgap (PBG) fiber with a cladding made of air-silica honeycomb photonic crystal (PC). It is found that air-guiding can be realized in both fundamental and secondary PBG regions of the cladding PC. Dispersion and radiation loss of the fundamental mode for two types of fiber structure are theoretically calculated. The fibers show promising waveguiding ability.     

Numerical analysis of hollow core photonic band gap fibers with modified honeycomb lattice

An accurate analysis of the air-guiding in hollow core photonic bandgap fibers with a modified honeycomb air-hole lattice has been carried out. The influence of the hollow core dimension, as well as of the cladding geometric parameters on the confinement loss, the nonlinear coefficient and the single-mode behaviour of the fibers has been investigated through a full-vector modal solver based on the finite element method. Simulation results have shown that confinement loss lower than 0.1 dB/km, a nonlinear parameter lower than 0.01 (W · km)^?1 and an effectively single-mode behaviour over a wavelength range of about 150 nm can be achieved with eight air-hole ring modified honeycomb fibers.     

Calculation of optical properties of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers

We propose a method for calculation of the bandgaps in the cladding of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers, based on the Floquet theorem. The effectiveness of the approach is confirmed by estimates of the effect of the number of air channels in the cladding on attenuation of the fiber modes due to mode energy leakage from the core. We have studied the conditions for the existence of eigenmodes in the indicated fibers. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 311–320, March–April, 2009.     

Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers based on a square lattice cladding

We propose a novel air-guiding photonic bandgap fiber based on a square lattice cladding. The fiber presents a 20% wider bandgap than is achievable with a conventional triangular-lattice-based cladding and with the choice of a nine-cell core can be effectively single moded at all wavelengths within the bandgap.     

新型THz波超平坦色散光子晶体光纤

设计出一种新型的渐变空气孔径THz波超平坦色散光子晶体光纤.应用时域有限差分方法(finite-difference time-domain,FDTD)计算光纤色散,所得结果表明渐变空气孔径光子晶体光纤比孔直径不变光子晶体光纤控制色散的能力更强;且当第三层与第四层空气孔直径相同时,孔直径渐变的光子晶体光纤的色散更趋于平坦,而当空气孔直径取d₁=0.85d₄, d₂=0.95d₄,d₃=d₄(d₁,d₂,d₃,d₄分别为包层从内到外空气孔的直径)时,此种光子晶体光纤可以在波长60—65 μm(4.61—5 THz)范围内将波导色散值控制在-0.1±0.3 ps/(km·nm)范围内,得到趋于超平坦色散的、具有很好的束缚THz波的能力和良好的损耗特性的新型THz波光子晶体光纤. 关键词： THz波光子晶体光纤 时域有限差分方法 超平坦色散