聚吡咯/Ba_(0.9)Nd_(0.1)Fe_(11.5)Cr_(0.5)O_(19)复合物的可控合成及电磁性能

用溶胶凝胶法制备了一系列Nd掺杂Ba-铁氧体粉末(Ba1-xNdxFe11.5Cr0.5O19,x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20),选取磁性能相对较好的Ba0.9Nd0.1Fe11.5Cr0.5O19作为磁核,通过原位聚合法制备了不同铁氧体含量的聚吡咯/Ba0.9Nd0.1Fe11.5Cr0.5O19(PPy/BNFCO)复合物.用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、四探针测试仪和矢量网络分析仪等表征了铁氧体粉末和复合物微粒的结构、形貌以及电磁性能.结果表明,Nd的掺杂明显改变了Ba-铁氧体的饱和磁化强度和矫顽力;PPy/BNFCO复合物具有比较明显的核壳结构;复合物的饱和磁化强度随BNFCO含量的增加而增大;电导率则与PPy含量成正比,mpy/mBNFCO=5/1为复合体系渗流阈值;复合物对电磁波的反射损耗和有效带宽是PPy和ZCGFO协同作用的结果,当mpy/mBNFCO为5/1时,PPy/ZCGFO复合物中组分间的协同作用达到最大,其反射峰值和有效带宽分别达到-27.68dB和9.04GHz.PPy/ZCGFO复合物由于良好的微波吸收性能,有望成为电磁波吸收与屏蔽领域的候选材料.     

多孔羰基铁/SiO2/聚吡咯核壳结构复合材料的制备及电磁特性

首先对羰基铁进行点腐蚀得到多孔羰基铁,然后采用St?ber法和原位聚合法将SiO_2和导电高分子聚吡咯包覆在多孔羰基铁表面,制备多孔羰基铁/SiO_2/聚吡咯电磁复合吸波材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、FT-IR对样品结构、微观形貌进行了表征,在网络分析仪中采用同轴法测试样品电磁参数,并根据传输线理论研究了2~18 GHz微波频段内吡咯含量及涂层厚度对样品吸波性能的影响。实验结果表明:制备的多孔羰基铁/SiO_2/聚吡咯复合电磁吸波材料具有核壳结构;随着吡咯加入量的增加,吸波材料吸收峰逐渐向低频方向移动;当涂层厚度为3.5 mm、吡咯加入量为6%(w/w)时,在9.44~17.56 GHz范围内反射率均低于-10 d B,频带宽度为8.12 GHz,损耗反射率达到-23 d B。良好的吸波性能归因于复合物有效的阻抗匹配特性及多重界面极化效应,多孔羰基铁/SiO_2/聚吡咯是一种轻质、宽频、强吸收的吸波材料。     

聚吡咯/Gd-掺杂铜锌铁氧体复合物的制备及电/磁性能

用溶胶-凝胶法和溶液原位聚合法分别制备了Gd-掺杂纳米级Zn_0.6Cu_0.4Fe_2－xGd_xO₄ (x＝0～0.10)铁氧体粉末和聚吡咯/Zn_0.6Cu_0.4Fe_1.96Gd_0.04O₄纳米复合物. 用现代分析技术表征了样品的结构、形貌和电磁性能. 结果表明Gd-掺杂铁氧体的饱和磁化强度随Gd含量的增加而增大; 复合物的电导率和饱和磁化强度与聚吡咯的含量有关, 当聚吡咯的含量从w＝50%增加到w＝80%, 复合物的电导率从0.0139增加到0.0423 S/cm, 而饱和磁化强度则从18.37减小到14.35 emu/g. 在8～18 GHz频段内, 吸收层厚度为2 mm时, PPy在16 GHz附近的反射损耗峰值为－19.68 dB, 有效带宽为6.2 GHz; 而ZCGFO的反射损耗峰值和有效带宽分别为－16.6 dB和5.16 GHz. 和PPy和ZCGFO相比, PPy/ZCGFO复合物有更低的反射损耗和更大的有效带宽, ZCGFO相对含量为20%的PPy/ZCGFO复合物的反射峰值和有效带宽分别达到－20.90 dB和14.05 GHz. 这些结果说明PPy/ZCCFO复合物适合作为电磁波吸收与屏蔽的候选材料.     

Dependence of electromagnetic wave absorption properties on the topography of Ni anchoring on reduced graphene oxide

Specific topographic Ni anchoring on reduced graphene oxide(rGO) composites show an astronomical potential as effective wave absorbers due to the synergistic electromagnetic loss effects.Herein,Ni/rGO composites with different topography were successfully prepared via hydrothermal in-situ reduction method.The structure and morphology characteristics revealed that particle-like,chain-like,coin-like and flower-like Ni were closely anchored onto rGO,respectively.The electromagnetic wave absorption(EMA) performance revealed that chain-like Ni/rGO exhibited the optimal reflection loss of-43.7 dB with a thickness of 1.8 mm as well as the EAB of 6.1 GHz at 2.0 mm among all samples due to the good impedance match and the synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses.Besides,one conclusion can be drawn that excellent magnetic coupling effect and impedance matching were the main reasons for significantly improving the EMA performance.Considering the systematic dependence of morphology on EMA,this work provides a perspective for designing high-performance absorbing materials.     

Electromagnetic functionalized and core-shell micro/nanostructured polypyrrole composites

Core-shell micro/nanostructured and electromagnetic functionalized polypyrrole (PPy) composites were prepared by a self-assembly process associated with the template method in the presence of p-toluenesulfonate acid (p-TSA) as the dopant, in which the spherical hydroxyl iron (Fe[OH], 0.5-5 microm in diameter) functioned not only as the hard template, but also as the "core" of the micro/nanostructure, and the self-assembled PPy-p-TSA nanofibers (20-30 nm in diameter) acted as the "shell" (50-100 nm in thickness) of the microspheres. We found that the core-shell micro/nanostructures exhibit controllable electromagnetic properties by adjusting the mass ratio of Fe[OH] to pyrrole monomer. The micelle model was proposed to interpret the self-assembly of the core-shell micro/nanostructured composites.     

Preparation of NiAl double hydroxide@polypyrrole materials for high‐performance supercapacitors

A novel NiAl double hydroxide@polypyrrole (LDH@PPy) core–shell material was designed and fabricated by a facile in situ oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) monomer. The microstructure and morphology of the LDH@PPy composites were determined by X‐ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy/transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal, revealing that the polypyrrole (PPy) was successfully coated onto the surface of the NiAl‐LDH (LDH) core and the loading amount of PPy impacted the thickness and the dispersion of the conductive PPy shell. The electrochemical performances of the LDH@PPy composites were also evaluated by cyclic voltammogram, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements. The results indicated that the supercapacitor performances were attributed to the synergy of unique core–shell heterostructure and each individual component, where the LDH core provided the high‐energy storage capacity and the PPy shell with networks had high electronic conductivity. These shorted the ion diffusion pathway and made electrolyte ions more easily accessible for faradic reactions to enhance the electrochemical performance of the LDH@PPy composites. It was found that the LDH@PPy composite (LDH@PPy₇) fabricated at 7 mL?L^?1 of Py monomer feed exhibiting the best electrochemical performances with high specific capacitance of 437.5 F?g^?1 at 2 A?g^?1 and excellent capacitance retention of about 91% after 1000 cycles. The work provides a simple approach for designing organic–inorganic core–shell materials with potential application in supercapacitors. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 1653–1662     

聚(苯胺-吡咯)共聚物/Fe3O4网状纳米纤维复合物的制备及吸波性能

在十六烷基三甲基溴化胺（CTAB）存在下,将苯胺（An）与吡咯（Py）两种单体在Fe3O4磁流体中原位化学氧化共聚制备了PAn-co-PPy/Fe3O4网状纳米纤维复合材料。通过改变CTAB的浓度、An/Py单体的配比及Fe3O4磁流体的用量获得了形态和电磁性能可调控的纳米纤维复合物。采用SEM、TEM、XRD、TG、电导和磁性能测试对复合物进行了表征,通过矢量网络分析仪获得了试样在2-18 GHz范围的复介电常数和复磁导率,经计算获取相应的微波反射损耗曲线。结果表明共聚复合物具有比单一的聚合物、共聚物、PAn/Fe3O4及PPy/Fe3O4更优越的微波吸收性能,样品（含Fe3O412.4 wt%）在9.0 GHz处具有最大的反射损耗为 -36.5 dB,损耗超过 -10 dB的频带宽度达4.7 GHz。     

单分散核／壳结构导电高分子复合材料的研究（Ⅰ）——单分散核／壳结构聚苯乙烯／聚吡咯的结构表征

导电高分子在光、电、磁等领域表现出的广泛应用前景 ,使它成为材料科学的研究热点 .然而 ,早期发现的导电高分子的不溶不熔性 ,使它在可加工性和机械性能等方面仍面临许多挑战 .核 /壳结构导电高分子与单分散技术的结合 ,无疑为这一领域的研究带来新的生机和活力 .目前仅有的少量文献主要集中报道微米和亚微米级单分散核 /壳导电高分子复合材料的研究 ,大多采用种子乳液聚合法合成 .微米级的种子乳液通常采用以醇为分散介质的分散聚合方法制备 [1～ 3] ,由于种子分散体系要经反复离心分离 ,除去醇类 ,重新分散在水相中再进行核 /壳导电高分…     

聚苯胺/聚丙烯酰胺/镍锌铜铁氧体复合物的制备及电磁性能

采用溶液聚合法制备了聚苯胺/聚丙烯酰胺/镍锌铜铁氧体(PANI/PAM/Zn0.4Ni0.5Cu0.1Fe2O4)三元复合物. 利用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和振动样品磁强计分别表征了样品的结构、形貌和磁性能, 用阻抗/材料分析仪测定了复合物在1 MHz～1 GHz的频率范围内的磁损耗和介电损耗, 并研究了聚苯胺和引发剂的相对含量对复合物的磁损耗和介电损耗的影响. 结果表明复合物中磁性粒子和聚合物之间具有一定的相互作用, 复合物在1 MHz～1 GHz的频率范围内具有较大电磁损耗能力.     

片状镍粉填充树脂基和石蜡基复合材料的微波电磁特性

以微米镍粉作为原料,采用湿法研磨法制备了片状镍粉,将其作为填料用于制备树脂基导电复合材料和石蜡基复合材料;测定了树脂基复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能与镍粉含量的关系,同时考察了片状镍粉/石蜡复合材料的吸波性能.结果表明,复合材料电磁屏蔽性能(SE)随着填料含量的增加而提高;厚度为5 mm的片状镍粉/石蜡复合材料在2 GHz附近的最小反射率可达-27 dB.这表明所制备的片状镍粉在电磁屏蔽及吸波领域具有很好的应用前景.     

聚吡咯/多壁碳纳米管及其聚氨酯导电复合材料的制备和性能

以羧基化多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)做模版剂,采用化学氧化法将吡咯(Py)在羧基化MWCNTs表面聚合制备PPy/MWCNTs导电材料,将其添加到溶剂型聚氨酯(PU)溶液中制备了PPy/MWCNTs/PU导电复合材料,研究了Py用量对PPy/MWCNTs及其PU复合材料性能的影响.研究表明,随Py用量的增加,PPy/MWCNTs的长度不变,管径增大,sp~2和sp~3杂化C含量先提高后减少,N的掺杂梯度降低,PPy/MWCNTs的导电率高于羧基化MWCNTs和PPy.当Py用量为羧基化MWCNTs的20%时,其导电率最大.PPy/MWCNTs中N元素的掺杂程度及其管径变化是引起PPy/MWCNTs/PU复合材料的性能不同的主要原因.增加Py用量,MWCNTs中亲水的羧基因对PPy掺杂而消耗,相同导电材料用量时纳米导电粒子数目相对减少,PPy/MWCNTs/PU复合材料的耐水性能提高,定向应力、储能模量和玻璃化温度降低,导电率先增加后减小.当Py用量为羧基化MWCNTs的15%时,导电率最大.     

Synthesis of Ag/Polypyrrole Core-Shell Nanospheres by a Seeding Method

Ag/polypyrrole (PPy) core‐shell nanospheres were fabricated through the redox reaction between pyrrole monomer and silver nitrate in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and by using the Ag colloidal nanoparticles acting as the seedings. The prepared nanospheres with a shell thickness of 10–12 nm and a core diameter of 20–40 nm are uniform in size and well dispersed. The morphologies, compositions, and electrochemical activities of Ag/PPy composites were characterized by TEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA and CV. The synthetic route employed here is gentle and can be extended to prepare other conducting polymer/inorganic nanocomposites.     

Fe3O4/Polypyrrole/Au nanocomposites with core/shell/shell structure: synthesis, characterization, and their electrochemical properties

Uniform Fe3O4 nanospheres with a diameter of 100 nm were rapidly prepared using a microwave solvothermal method. Then Fe304/polypyrrole (PPy) composite nanospheres with well-defined core/shell structures were obtained through chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of Fe3O4; the average thickness of the coating shell was about 25 nm. Furthermore, by means of electrostatic interactions, plentiful gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 15 nm were assembled on the surface of Fe3O4/PPy to get Fe3O4/PPy/Au core/shell/shell structure. The morphology, structure, and composition of the products were characterized by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The resultant nanocomposites not only have the magnetism of Fe3O4 nanoparticles that make the nanocomposites easily controlled by an external magnetic field but also have the good conductivity and excellent electrochemical and catalytic properties of PPy and Au nanoparticles. Furthermore, the nanocomposites showed excellent electrocatalytic activities to biospecies such as ascorbic acid (AA).     

Fabrication of spindle Fe(2)O(3)@polypyrrole core/shell particles by surface-modified hematite templating and conversion to spindle polypyrrole capsules and carbon capsules

By using a surface-modified templating method, Fe(2)O(3)@polypyrrole (PPy) core/shell spindles have been successfully prepared in this paper. The Fe(2)O(3) particles with spindle morphology were initially fabricated as core materials. After the PVP modification, the Fe(2)O(3) spindles were subsequently coated with a tunable thickness layer of PPy by in situ deposition of the conducting polymer from aqueous solution. Hollow PPy spindles were produced by dissolution of the Fe(2)O(3) core from the core/shell particles. High-temperature treatment under vacuum condition covert the hollow PPy spindles into carbon capsules by carbonization of the PPy shell. Transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the formation of the Fe(2)O(3)@PPy core/shell particles, PPy and carbon capsules with spindle morphology.     

ZnO纳米颗粒锚定的亚微米碳纤维的制备及其吸波性能

使用静电纺丝技术结合水热法制备了表面锚定ZnO纳米颗粒的亚微米碳纤维（ZnO/SDCFs）复合物,并详细研究了反应溶液的pH值对复合物的结构、组成、电磁特性和吸波性能的影响。结果显示,随着pH值的升高,ZnO的含量增加,介电常数、介电损耗以及电磁衰减能力均下降,但阻抗匹配程度提高。相比于纯碳纤维,所有ZnO/SDCFs复合物的吸波性能均得到不同程度的加强。其中,pH值等于8时所制备的ZnO/SDCFs-8复合物拥有最好的吸波性能,主要归因于电磁衰减能力和阻抗匹配间的更好平衡。当ZnO/SDCFs-8的填充量仅为2.5%（质量分数）、厚度为1.7 mm时,相应吸波涂层的最小反射损耗达到-44.1 dB,低于-10 dB的有效吸收带宽为6.1 GHz,频率范围为11.9~18 GHz;当厚度为3.0 mm时,有效吸收带宽可提高到11.8 GHz（6.2~18 GHz）。     

聚吡咯/还原氧化石墨烯复合物的合成及电容性能

通过原位聚合方法制备不同配比的聚吡咯/氧化石墨（PPy/GO）复合物,将其用NaBH4还原得到聚吡咯/还原氧化石墨烯(PPy/RGO)复合物,采用X射线衍射、红外光谱和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）对其结构和形貌进行物理表征。 采用循环伏安、恒电流充放电和交流阻抗等电化学方法系统研究了所制备样品的电化学性能。 实验结果表明,在电流密度为0.5 A/g、吡咯（Py）与GO质量比为95∶5时,得到的复合物还原前后比电容分别可达401.5和314.5 F/g,远高于单纯的GO（34.8 F/g）和PPy（267.5 F/g）。 经过1200圈循环稳定性测试后,PPy/RGO复合物比电容保持了原来的62.5%,与PPy和PPy/GO（电容保持率分别为16.8%和46.4%）相比,PPy/RGO表现出更好的循环稳定性能,有望成为超级电容器电极材料。     

铁氧化物/金磁性核壳纳米粒子的制备及其富集与SERS研究

本文用种子生长法制备铁氧化物/金磁性核壳纳米粒子, 并利用SERS对其磁场靶向性进行了检测.     

Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Properties of Ultrathin MnO2 Nanosheet-Decorated Spherical Flower-Shaped Carbonyl Iron Powder

In this work, spherical flower-shaped composite carbonyl iron powder@MnO₂ (CIP@MnO₂) with CIP as the core and ultrathin MnO₂ nanosheets as the shell was successfully prepared by a simple redox reaction to improve oxidation resistance and electromagnetic wave absorption properties. The microwave-absorbing properties of CIP@MnO₂ composites with different filling ratios (mass fractions of 20%, 40%, and 60% after mixing with paraffin) were tested and analyzed. The experimental results show that compared with pure CIP, the CIP@MnO₂ composites have smaller minimum reflection loss and a wider effective absorption bandwidth than CIP (RL < −20 dB). The sample filled with 40 wt% has the best comprehensive performance, the minimum reflection loss is −63.87 dB at 6.32 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL < −20 dB) reaches 7.28 GHz in the range of 5.92 GHz–9.28 GHz and 11.2 GHz–15.12 GHz, which covers most C and X bands. Such excellent microwave absorption performance of the spherical flower-like CIP@MnO₂ composites is attributed to the combined effect of multiple beneficial components and the electromagnetic attenuation ability generated by the special spherical flower-like structure. Furthermore, this spherical flower-like core–shell shape aids in the creation of discontinuous networks, which improve microwave incidence dispersion, polarize more interfacial charges, and allow electromagnetic wave absorption. In theory, this research could lead to a simple and efficient process for producing spherical flower-shaped CIP@MnO₂ composites with high absorption, a wide band, and oxidation resistance for a wide range of applications.     

钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨及其聚吡咯复合物的制备和油水分离性能

用化学共沉淀法和原位乳液聚合法分别制备了钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨复合微粒(CF/EG)和钴铁氧体/膨胀石墨/聚吡咯复合物(CF/EG/PPy)。用现代分析技术表征了样品的组成、结构、形貌、电-磁性能和油水分离性能。结果表明,CF粒子已填嵌入到膨胀石墨的层间,CF/EG/PPy复合物的核(CF/EG)和壳(PPy)之间存在着一定的相互作用,样品的油水分离效果与膨胀石墨的层间空隙成正比,其次序为:EG>CF/EG>CF/EG/PPy。磁性的CF/EG微粒回收容易,重复使用性能优良,循环5次的效率不低于90%。     

Morphology,microhardness, and electrical properties of composites based on polypropylene,montmorillonite, and polypyrrole

The morphology, microhardness, and electrical properties of composites consisting of conductive polypyrrole (PPy) dispersed into a nonconductive polypropylene matrix (PP) as pure component or in form of a sodium montmorillonite/PPy (MMT/PPy) composite have been studied. For comparison, also PP/MMT composites were studied. All types of composites were processed by compression molding or by melt mixing followed by compression molding into plates, which were used for characterization. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the morphology of the prepared materials. The investigation of electrical and dielectric properties was done by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy in a wide frequency range and was related to the composite composition and processing method. The analysis of the conductivity as a function of temperature indicated that the charge transfer mechanism could be described by the variable range hopping model in three dimensions. The microhardness of PP/MMT/PPy composites with different content of MMT or PPy was determined and the creep rate has been estimated. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 407–423, 2009