近化学计量比双掺铁锰铌酸锂晶体紫外光致吸收特性的研究

研究了不同锂含量的双掺铁锰铌酸锂晶体的紫外光致吸收特性,结果表明,同成分晶体的紫外光致吸收系数较低,随着锂含量的增加,晶体的紫外光致吸收系数逐渐增大,当晶体中的锂含量达到49.57mol%附近时,紫外光致吸收系数达到最大值4.20 cm-1,进一步增加晶体中的锂含量,饱和光致吸收系数开始下降。在此基础上,提出了近化学计量比双掺铁锰铌酸锂晶体的双色非挥发全息存储的三中心模型,即随着晶体锂含量的增加,双掺铁锰晶体的光折变中心除了Fe2+/Fe3+,Mn2+/Mn3+外,还将增加双极化子/小极化子中心。     

同成分掺镁铌酸锂晶体紫外光致吸收阈值效应的研究

研究了同成分掺镁铌酸锂晶体中的紫外光致吸收效应。通过对不同掺Mg浓度铌酸锂晶体的紫外光致吸收系数和双色存储灵敏度的测量,发现同成分掺镁铌酸锂晶体的紫外光致吸收效应具有Mg离子浓度阈值效应。只有当掺Mg摩尔分数大于3．0％时,从近紫外一直延伸到近红外波段的紫外光致吸收效应才显示出来。这一Mg离子浓度阈值效应进一步为双色存储灵敏度的测量结果所证实。该浓度阈值小于掺镁铌酸锂晶体抗光损伤效应的摩尔分数阈值4．6％。这种紫外光致吸收现象可能和掺镁铌酸锂晶体中反位铌NbLi浓度的急剧减少基本消失有关。     

掺Ce,Fe系列LiNbO3晶体光折变效应光存储特性

研究了系列Ce：Fe掺杂以及不同后处理态(生长态、还原态和氧化态)铌酸锂晶体的透过率光谱和光折变全息存储特性。实验结果表明单掺Ce铌酸锂晶体具有较好的图像存储质量和较宽的透过率光谱范围,二波耦合增益相对较低;高掺杂铌酸锂样品的透过率光谱范围较窄,光折变二波耦合增益较低。晶体的后处理对铌酸锂样品的光折变特性影响明显,双掺Ce:Fe还原态铌酸锂晶体具有较高的二波耦合增益;氧化态样品具有较大的透过率光谱范围;还原态样品具有较大的光折变二波耦合增益特性。实验结果还表明在同种样品中难于同时获得大的二波耦合增益和图像存储质量。     

静电染色法在铌酸锂晶体铁电性显示中的应用

我们应用静电复印油墨将铌酸锂铁电畴染色(静电染色法)显示,并扩展到铌酸锂晶体光铁电性的显示,包括单畴铌酸锂光折变区电场电荷分布、单畴掺铁铌酸锂晶体表面电击穿效应和单畴掺铁铌酸锂晶体存储的全息衍射光栅图象的显示等. 上述光铁电性显示图象,与使用其他实验手段所得到的     

采用紫外光提高双掺杂铌酸锂晶体中全息记录的灵敏度和光栅强度

提出了一种在双掺杂铌酸锂晶体中用调制的双紫外光进行非挥发全息记录的方法。与通常的用紫外光敏化的非挥发全息记录相比,这种方法可以大幅度地提高光栅强度和记录灵敏度。联立双中心物质方程和双光束耦合波方程,数值分析了光栅强度和衍射效率随时间的变化并讨论了掺杂浓度和记录光强对紫外光非挥发全息记录机制下光折变效应的影响。研究发现,紫外光记录得到的深浅中心的光栅具有相同的相位,总的光栅（深浅中心光栅的叠加）强度为两光栅强度之和,固定过程中深中心的光栅得到增强;增大深浅中心掺杂的浓度可以提高光栅强度,增大记录紫外光的光强可以增加光栅的强度和记录灵敏度。理论模拟可以证实并预测实验结果。     

铌酸锂晶体中的磁光折变效应研究

对于掺铁铌酸锂晶体中不同全息记录配置下的磁光折变效应做了比较系统的理论分析，给出了铌酸锂晶体所有的磁光生伏打非零张量元. 详细计算并给出了不同全息纪录配置下的所有体光生伏打、磁光生伏打电流的解析形式. 理论结果表明，由于磁光生伏打效应引起了光激发电流的变化，所以对于每种配置全息光栅的衍射效率都会受到外加磁场的影响；对于不同的全息记录配置，磁场对铌酸锂晶体光折变非线性性质的影响也不同.讨论了一种确定特定张量元的方法. 关键词： 磁光生伏打 磁光折变效应 光生伏打     

掺镁铌酸锂晶体的缺陷结构及其结晶化学分析

根据铌酸锂晶体本征缺陷的Ｌｉ空位模型，提出了掺镁铌酸锂晶体的缺陷结构模型；计算出了掺镁铌酸锂晶体中Ｌｉ_２Ｏ，Ｎｂ_２Ｏ₅的含量、［Ｌｉ］／［Ｎｂ］比以及晶体的密度随掺镁浓度的变化关系．计算结果与文献中报道的实验结果相符合 关键词：     

第一性原理下铟锰共掺铌酸锂晶体的电子结构和吸收光谱

本文利用第一性原理研究了In:Mn:LiNbO_3晶体及对比组的电子结构和光学特性.研究结果显示,掺锰铌酸锂晶体的杂质能级主要由Mn的3d态轨道贡献,在禁带中处于较浅的位置,在价带顶端也有所贡献,晶体带隙较纯铌酸锂晶体变窄;Mn:LiNbO_3晶体分别在1.66,2.85 eV等位置形成了吸收峰;掺In的Mn:LiNbO_3晶体在1.66 eV附近的吸收明显减弱,掺铟浓度约为闽值(约3 mol%)时在1.66 eV吸收继续减弱,并出现了一些新的光吸收峰.本文提出了1.66 eV的吸收与Mn2+离子相关,因掺铟离子而出现的2.13 eV的吸收与Mn~(3+)离子相关,这两峰随着掺铟离子的增加将出现前者减弱而后者增强的变化,该变化可以用电荷在锰、铟离子间的转移解释;还提出在铟、锰共掺铌酸锂晶体中,若光存储的记录光选择低能段(1.66 eV附近),此时对应记录灵敏度要求较小的掺铟量等观点.     

诱导光偏振态对激光诱导掺杂铌酸锂晶体畴反转的影响

研究了诱导光的偏振态对激光诱导原子数分数为3%掺镁同成分铌酸锂晶体和原子数分数为3%掺铪同成分铌酸锂晶体畴反转的影响.用数字全息干涉测量的方法再现了激光诱导畴反转过程中的相位分布.通过对比线偏振、圆偏振和椭圆偏振不同偏振态诱导光形成的成核场,认为诱导过程中出现的沿z方向的空间电荷场对激光诱导优先畴成核有着非常重要的影响...     

低电场周期极化化学比掺镁铌酸锂绿光倍频器

对气相平衡扩散输运工艺制备的化学比掺镁铌酸锂晶体进行周期极化,实验中发现化学比掺镁铌酸锂晶体的矫顽场为12kV/mm,只有常用的同成分铌酸锂晶体的矫顽场的1/20,用低电场就可以制备出结构均匀周期为62～64μm的周期性极化结构.在室温下对此周期极化结构进行二次谐波倍频实验,其归一化倍频转换效率为48%/W。     

Nonvolatile two-color holographic recording in near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals gated by incoherent ultraviolet light

Nonvolatile two-color holographic recording gated by incoherent ultraviolet （UV） light centered at 365 nm is investigated in near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystals. The influence of thermal treatment on the two-color recording is studied. The results show that thermal reduction tends to improve the two-color recording performance, whereas thermal oxidation degrades the two-color recording. With an incoherent 0.2-W/cm2 UV gating light and a 0.25-W/cm2 semiconductor recording laser at 780 nm, a two-color recording sensitivity of 4 × 10^-3 cm/J and a recording dynamic range characterized by M/# of 0.12 are achieved in a 2.2-mm thermally reduced near-stoichiometric lithium niobate crystal. We attribute the improvement to the prolonged lifetime of small polarons and the increased absorption at the gating wavelength due to thermal reduction.     

Photorefraction of molybdenum-doped lithium niobate crystals

Molybdenum-doped lithium niobate crystals were grown under different polarization conditions and their holographic properties were investigated. In contrast to current dopants, hexavalent molybdenum prefers niobium sites. Thereby, holographic storage becomes possible from the ultraviolet to the visible with considerably lower response time. The response time of 0.5 mol. % Mo-doped LiNbO(3) can be especially shortened to as small as 0.35 s with a still high saturation diffraction efficiency of about 60% at 351 nm. Molybdenum-doped lithium niobate thus is a promising candidate for all-color holographic storage applications.     

Oscillation of nonvolatile holographic recording in LiNbO3:Fe:Cu crystals

The oscillation of diffraction efficiency is observed in the nonvolatile holographic recording of lithium niobate crystals doped with iron and copper. The physics of oscillation in doubly doped lithium niobate crystals is studied by using Runge–Kutta methods, and the oscillation can be attributed to the redistribution of electrons in the deeper and shallower traps of the crystals in the initial phase of holographic recording. The effects of Fe concentration and intensity ratio of red beams to UV beam (I_R/I_UV) on the oscillation are investigated theoretically. The results show that with lower Fe concentration, the amplitude of oscillation is larger and with lower intensity ratio I_R/I_UV, the duration of the oscillation is longer.     

Grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording with arbitrary charge transport lengths

Grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording in doubly doped lithium niobate crystals is theoretically investigated allowing arbitrary charge transport lengths. It is shown that the nonvolatile refractive index modulation initially increases with increasing grating spacing, then a saturation behavior arises because of the dominant bulk photovoltaic effect. Although different charge transport length results in different nonvolatile refractive index modulation, the grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording obeys almost the same rules for arbitrary charge transport lengths. The experimental results obtained by recording nonvolatile holograms in LiNbO₃:Cu:Ce crystals with different grating spacing are consistent with the theoretical analyses.     

Two-step holographic recording in photorefractive lithium niobate crystals using ultrashort laser pulses

We investigate non-volatile holographic data storage in photorefractive lithium niobate crystals. Infrared picosecond laser pulses are used to write holograms after sensitizing the crystal with blue light from a cw-laser. The dependence of the dynamic range and the photoconductivity on the pulse intensities and the recording wavelength is investigated in detail. The results can be explained by a two-center model if the mean intensity of the laser pulses is considered. We demonstrate that several fixed holograms can be multiplexed by employing the wavelength multiplexing technique.     

High-efficiency nonvolatile holographic storage with two-step recording in praseodymium-doped lithium niobate by use of continuous-wave lasers

We have observed efficient two-photon, two-step recording in a praseodymium-doped lithium niobate crystal by use of cw lasers. Single-photon erasure during the readout at near-infrared wavelengths was found to be negligible. Nonvolatile holographic image storage was demonstrated. This progress is an important step in the realization of an economically feasible nonvolatile read-write holographic recording system based on low-cost semiconductor diode lasers.     

Photorefractive properties of iron-doped lithium tantalate crystals

Iron-doped lithium tantalate crystals are grown by the Czochralski method and their photorefractive properties are examined with holographic methods. Dynamic range, holographic sensitivity, photoconductivity, and dark storage time are measured in dependence on the iron concentration and light intensity. The largest refractive-index change for ordinarily polarized light is 3.5×10^-4, in comparison with 6.2×10^-4 for iron-doped lithium niobate. Due to a small mobility of protons the dark storage time of holograms in lithium tantalate is larger than that in lithium niobate. PACS 42.40.Pa; 42.70.Ln     

Material optimization for low scattering noise during nonvolatile holographic recording in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals

Scattering noises in four kinds of lithium niobate crystals with the same double doping system, which are LiNbO3:Fe:Mn, LiNbOs:Ce:Mn, LiNbOs:Ce:Cu, and LiNbOs:Fe:Cu, are observed and compared experimentally. The results show that nonvolatile holographic recording can effectively suppress scattering noise, which mainly depends on recombination coefficients of both the shallower centers and the deeper centers. The small recombination coefficients of the shallower centers and the large recombination coefficients of the deeper centers benefit the amplification of the signal gratings and the suppression of the noise gratings.In addition, the initial seed scattering also impacts the recorded scattering noise, and the little seed scattering results in low scattering noise. The theoretical simulations are performed for confirmation. Among the four kinds of doubly doped crystals, in LiNbOs:Ce:Cu the performances of nonvolatile recording are the best with low scattering noise and high diffraction efficiency.     

Two-photon apodization in lithium niobate

We demonstrate a novel apodization technique for holographic data storage using two-photon recording in stoichiometric lithium niobate. The gating light-intensity profile is used to achieve grating apodization inside the bulk of the crystal during recording in the transmission geometry. Experimental Bragg-selectivity curves and theoretical fits indicate a >20-dB drop in multiplexing cross talk.     

Laser-induced preferential domain nucleation in hafnium-doped congruent lithium niobate crystal

The focused visible laser-induced preferential domain nucleation effect is investigated in 3 mol% hafnium-doped congruent lithium niobate crystal. The local phase variation is in-situ monitored during laser-induced preferential domain nucleation. The variations of phase distributions are reconstructed by digital holographic interferometry. The nucleation field decreases exponentially with increasing irradiation intensity. The space charge field along the z direction is thought to be an important mechanism for the laser-induced preferential domain nucleation. Laser-induced hafnium-doped congruent lithium niobate crystals appear to be a promising candidate for further development of ferroelectric domain engineering.