双环戊二烯基二氯化钛催化下Grignard试剂选择还原腈

本文报道在双环戊二烯基二氯化钛(Cp_2TiCl_2)催化下,Grignard试剂选择还原腈的反应。首次实现了用过渡金属络合物催化选择还原腈,是一种合成醛的新方法。最后还提出了可能的反应机理。     

双环戊二烯基二氯钛催化下异丙基溴化镁对亚胺的还原反应

研究了在催化量的二茂钛氯化物存在下亚胺与异丙基溴化镁格氏试剂的反应.九个带有不同取代基的亚胺均以满意的得率还原成相应的胺.讨论了亚胺反应的机理.提出了在反应中有[CP2TiH]活性中间体存在.     

Cp2TiCl2催化下Grignard试剂与芳醛反应的研究

Meunier 等曾研究了 Cp_2TiCl_2催化下,格氏试剂对卤代烷和羰基化合物的还原反应,并报道了与芳环或碳-碳双键或碳-碳三键共轭的羰基化合物不被格氏试剂还原。我们却发现,在较低温度下,这些芳醛或与碳-碳重键共轭的羰基化合物也会被还原,特别是在芳环上有吸电子取代基时,还原产物的产率很高。     

双环戊二烯固定床加氢催化体系研究

本文对双环戊二烯固定床连续催化加氢合成四氢双环戊二烯进行了研究。通过对催化剂载体γＡｌ２Ｏ３不同表面预处理方法的研究，催化剂活性组分元素的评选，研制出适合该催化加氢体系的负载型镍系催化剂ＡＰＣ２，其Ｎｉ负载量１５％，载体是经表面物理化学预处理后的γＡｌ２Ｏ３。在此基础上确定了最佳活化程序。通过对该反应体系工艺条件的研究，较佳的工艺参数为：Ｔ１５０～１６０℃，ＰＨ：１．０ＭＰａ，ＳＶ：２０～３０ｈ１，Ｈ２／ＤＣＰＤ３（ｍｏｌ）。此时双环戊二烯转化率大于９８％，四氢双环戊二烯的收率可达９５％。     

[Cp_2Ti(L)X]的ESR谱研究

本文研究了配合物[Cp_2Ti(L)X](Cp:C_5H_5,Me~-C_5H_4,C_5Me_5;L:瞵、异腈、吡啶、胺、一氧化碳等;X:F,Cl,Br,I)的ESR谱,获得了这些配合物的波谱参数。发现在Cl,Br,I三个系列中,g值与钛超精细偶合常数a(Ti)值随L的变化呈线性关系。观测到大量g>g_e的Ti(Ⅲ)配合物的ESR谱,对其规律性进行了探讨。     

氟双相催化合成N-异丙基邻苯二甲酰亚胺

用苯-二-[4-(十三氟正辛基)苯基]膦和二-(十三氟正辛基)重氮二羧酸酯作氟双相催化剂,在THF中由邻苯二甲酰亚胺和异丙醇合成N-异丙基邻苯二甲酰亚胺。反应条件为:邻苯二甲酰亚胺0.14 mmol,n(胺)∶n(醇)=1.0∶1.5,n(胺)∶n(催化剂)=1.0∶1.5,室温反应3.0 h,产率83.4%,纯度99.5%(GC分析)。     

三相相转移催化法制备二氧化双环戊二烯

以氯甲基化大孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯交联树脂（PS）接枝N-苄基-N,N-二甲基十二烷基季铵磷钨杂多酸盐为三相相转移催化剂,质量分数为50%的工业双氧水为氧化剂,制备了二氧化双环戊二烯（DCPDDO）。 采用FTIR和¹H NMR对产物进行表征。 考察了溶剂和催化剂用量、物料摩尔比、反应温度和时间对环氧化反应的影响。 采用正交试验法获得的最佳反应条件为（以0.05 mol双环戊二烯（DCPD）计）：1,2-二氯乙烷18 mL,催化剂2.25 g,n(DCPD)∶n(H₂O₂)=1∶2.75,反应温度60 ℃,反应时间12 h。 在此条件下,DCPDDO的收率可达89%以上,催化剂回收方便且重复使用7次未见活性明显降低。     

5-叔丁基-5-(1'-羟基-2'-甲基丙基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环的合成研究

为得到3,4-二取代双环硫化磷酸酯的中间体5-叔丁基-5-(1'-羟基-2'-甲基丙基)-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环, 通过5-叔丁基-5-甲酰基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环与异丙基溴化镁反应没有得到目标化合物, 而得到了还原产物, 改用异丙基锂代替异丙基溴化镁反应后得到目标化合物, 通过超声波辅助反应, 大幅度提高了反应收率.     

过渡金属催化的醇类脱氧脱水反应

开发和利用环境保护型的可再生新能源是缓和与解决能源环境问题的重要举措.生物质可作为燃料和可再生平台化学品的来源.高含氧量与过度官能化的生物质原料不能直接使用,因此降低生物质原料的含氧量并将其转化为燃料与增值化学品的方法是实现生物质能广泛应用的关键.还原脱氧的方法主要有热解、水解、氢解、脱羧/脱羰反应、加氢脱氧与脱氧脱水反应等.本综述详细介绍了铼、钼、钒、钌等四种过渡金属催化的由二元醇及多元醇制备相应烯烃的脱氧脱水反应,主要从均相催化、还原剂使用、机理研究和非均相催化等方面做了多角度的总结.铼催化的脱氧脱水反应具有选择性好和烯烃产率高等优点,钼、钒、钌等金属是可能替代昂贵的铼金属的催化剂.     

溴化镁催化的1,2,3,4-四氢吡啶酮无溶剂合成研究

An efficient and environmentally friendly procedure for the one-pot synthesis of tetrahydropyrimidinones from aldehydes, β-diketones and urea/thiourea by using magnesium bromide as an inexpensive and easily available catalyst under solvent-free conditions was described. Compared with the classical Biginelli reaction conditions, this new method has the advantage of good to excellent yields (74%-94%) and short reaction time (45-90 min). The structure of the Biginelli reaction product from β-diketone, salicylaldehyde and urea has been proposed to possess an oxygen-bridge by cyclization (intramolecular Michael-addition).     

Deoxygenation of Epoxides with Carbon Monoxide

The use of carbon monoxide as a direct reducing agent for the deoxygenation of terminal and internal epoxides to the respective olefins is presented. This reaction is homogeneously catalyzed by a carbonyl pincer-iridium(I) complex in combination with a Lewis acid co-catalyst to achieve a pre-activation of the epoxide substrate, as well as the elimination of CO₂ from a γ-2-iridabutyrolactone intermediate. Especially terminal alkyl epoxides react smoothly and without significant isomerization to the internal olefins under CO atmosphere in benzene or toluene at 80–120 °C. Detailed investigations reveal a substrate-dependent change in the mechanism for the epoxide C−O bond activation between an oxidative addition under retention of the configuration and an S_N2 reaction that leads to an inversion of the configuration.     

磷钨酸催化合成氯乙酸异丙酯

研究了磷钨酸催化氯乙酸与异丙醇合成氯乙酸异丙酯的反应 ,讨论了影响合成的因素 ,找出了最佳合成条件 ,收率达到 90 %。     

The Virtue of Defects: Stable Bromine Production by Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen Bromide on Titanium Oxide

Rutile TiO₂ is a heavily investigated oxide with, to date, scarce applications in industrial catalysis. The inactivity of this material in oxidations has been related to its inability to dissociate molecular oxygen. Herein we show how rutile catalyzes the oxidation of HBr to Br₂ through defect states that are introduced during the reaction. The identification of active, stable, and abundant materials for bromine production is key to the future implementation of Br₂‐mediated alkane functionalization processes. The catalytic properties of TiO₂ are discussed in comparison to expensive rutile‐type oxides, such as RuO₂ and IrO₂, on the basis of surface characterization and molecular modeling.     

二环戊二烯基二羰基钛的化学

本文对二环戊二烯基二羰基钛(1),的化学作了较详细的评述。第一部分叙述了合成1的多种不同方法及其结构和性质。第二部分详述了1的各种反应,包括铁金属价态变化的反应和钛价不变的反应。同时也涉及近年来1和其他类型金属有机化合物生成多核金属有机化合物或簇合物的反应。最后还讨论了1对无机小分子的活化反应。     

铍试剂Ⅱ—CPB三元络合物分光光度法测定镁

建立了一种以铍试剂Ⅱ为显色剂，在氨性介质中加入表面活性剂，并加入动物胶作为稳定剂，与镁形成三元络合物，用分光光度法测定镁的方法。对测定波长、显色时间及各种组分的用量进行了考察，选择了最佳的实验条件，并进行了回收率实验。     

柄型金属有机化合物(Ⅰ)──硅桥联二(1-茚基)和四氢茚基钛化合物的合成及结构

通过1,3-二(1-茚基)四甲基二硅氧烷的双锂盐与TiCl₄·2THF反应制得硅桥联二(1-茚基)钛化合物(Me₂SiOSiMe₂)[Ind]₂TiCl₂(1),对其催化氢化得到相应的四氢茚基化合物(Me₂SiOSiMe₂)[IndH₄]₂TiCl₂(2).对化合物1和2的单晶进行了X射线衍射结构分析,它们的晶体都属单斜晶系,P2₁/n空间群.     

Reductive Deoxygenation of Carbonyl to Methylene

The reductive deoxygenation of aldehydes and ketones into the corresponding alkanes is accomplished by LiAlH4, in the presence of Lewis acid InBr3. It provides a convenient method to complete the transformation from carbonyl compounds to alkanes.     

Acid‐, Water‐ and High‐Temperature‐Stable Ruthenium Complexes for the Total Catalytic Deoxygenation of Glycerol to Propane

The ruthenium aqua complexes [Ru(H₂O)₂(bipy)₂](OTf)₂, [cis‐Ru(6,6′‐Cl₂‐bipy)₂(OH₂)₂](OTf)₂, [Ru(H₂O)₂(phen)₂](OTf)₂, [Ru(H₂O)₃(2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpy)](OTf)₂ and [Ru(H₂O)₃(Phterpy)](OTf)₂ (bipy=2,2′‐bipyridine; OTf^?=triflate; phen=phenanthroline; terpy= terpyridine; Phterpy=4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine) are water‐ and acid‐stable catalysts for the hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones in sulfolane solution. In the presence of HOS(O)₂CF₃ (triflic acid) as a dehydration co‐catalyst they directly convert 1,2‐hexanediol to n‐hexanol and hexane. The terpyridine complexes are stable and active as catalysts at temperatures ≥250 °C and in either aqueous sulfolane solution or pure water convert glycerol into n‐propanol and ultimately propane as the final reaction product in up to quantitative yield. For the terpy complexes the active catalyst is postulated to be a carbonyl species [(4′‐R‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpy)Ru(CO)(H₂O)₂](OTf)₂ (R=H, Ph) formed by the decarbonylation of aldehydes (hexanal for 1,2‐hexanediol and 3‐hydroxypropanal for glycerol) generated in the reaction mixture through acid‐catalyzed dehydration. The structure of the dimeric complex [{(4′‐phenyl‐2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpy)Ru(CO)}₂(μ‐OCH₃)₂](OTf)₂ has been determined by single crystal X‐ray crystallography (Space group P (a=8.2532(17); b=12.858(3); c=14.363(3) Å; α=64.38(3); β=77.26(3); γ = 87.12(3)°, R=4.36 %).