基于不同间隔基的含三联苯甲壳型液晶聚乙炔的合成与性能研究

设计并合成一类含三联苯液晶基元的甲壳型液晶聚乙炔(-{HC=C-[(CH2)mOOC-terpheyl(OC6H13)2]}n-,m=5,PHA5TP(OC6)2;m=9,PHA9TP( OC6)2),研究了聚合物的热稳定性、液晶性能和发光性能,考察了间隔基的长度对其性能的影响.结果表明,三联苯液晶基元赋予单体和聚合物...     

含手性三联苯腰接型液晶聚乙炔的合成及其“甲壳效应”

设计、合成了一种新单体,并由[Rh(nbd)Cl]2/Et3N(nbd =2,5-降冰片二烯)催化聚合反应制备了一种具有较高相对分子质量(质均相对分子质量为30300)的含手性三联苯液晶聚乙炔PAM3OCO(TPh)(OR*)2{一[(CH=C(CH2)3OCO-terphenyl(OR*)2]n—,R*=(S)-2-甲基丁基}.由于手性基团和三联苯液晶基元的引入,单体具有互变手性近晶C相,而聚合物则呈现互变的手性近晶A相液晶行为.三联苯液晶基元以重心位置连接于聚合物主链并围绕主链所产生的“甲壳效应”赋予了聚合物很高的热稳定性(356℃)、发光性能和聚集诱导增强发光特性.其薄膜状态下的发光强度明显大于其在稀溶液状态下的发光强度,且内量子效率和外量子效率分别为0.214和0.023.紫外光激发下,聚合物在液晶状态下的发光强度明显优于溶液和薄膜状态,并且发光谱带发生了红移.     

一种新型侧链液晶聚合物的喇曼光谱研究

根据传统的侧链型液晶聚合物理论,在液晶基元和主链之间必须有柔性链相连。最近我们设计并合成了单体为2,3-双(对烷氧基苯甲酰氧基)苯乙烯的侧链液晶聚合物,该聚合物突破了文献[1]的理论,把液晶基元从重心位置横挂于主链之上,其间无柔性链段,只以单键相接。我们用喇曼光谱研究了该新型侧链液晶聚合物,表明它存在上述结构特点。     

刚性链侧链型液晶高分子合成与研究

以自由基聚合方法，合成了一系列含有３个苯环通过酯键相联的液晶性单体及其聚合物，这类刚性液晶基元不通过柔性间隔基而直接竖挂在聚丙烯酸酯大分子主链上，具有很高的Ｔｇ·ＤＳＣ及偏光显微镜结果表明，所有的单体和聚合物均为向列型热致性液晶。     

含1,3,4-噁二唑甲壳型液晶聚合物的合成与表征

甲壳型液晶聚合物（mesogen-jacketed liquid crystal polymer,MJLCP）是1987年由周其凤教授[1]首先提出的概念.从化学结构看,甲壳型液晶聚合物属于侧链型,由烯类单体经链式聚合制得,容易得到高分子量的产物,具有一般柔性侧链型液晶聚合物的一些优点.但是与柔性侧链型液晶聚合物不同的是,MJLCP分子中的刚性液晶基元是通过腰部或重心位置与主链相联结的,在主链与刚性液晶基元的侧基之间只有很短或者没有柔性间隔基.由于在这类液晶聚合物的分子主链周围空间内刚性液晶基元的密度很高,分子主链被由液晶基元形成的外壳所包裹并被迫采取相对伸直的刚性链构象.因此,这类液晶聚合物又和主链型刚性链液晶聚合物相似,具有较明显的链刚性.近年来,周其凤课题组围绕甲壳型液晶聚合物深入开展了分子设计与合成、分子结构与性能等多方面的研究.其中,设计合成具有特定功能的甲壳型液晶聚合物是在以往研究工作和学科交叉融合的基础上发展起来的一项新的研究工作.将一些有特殊功能的基团引入到甲壳型液晶聚合物中会使其具有崭新的特性.     

偶氮苯为探针的液晶聚合物聚集形态研究

利用紫外-可见光谱,对比研究了尾挂侧链液晶聚合物和腰挂侧链液晶聚合物在结晶相和液晶相转变过程中的液晶基元取向情况.研究表明,石英基材表面倾向于诱导偶氮液晶基元垂直于基材排列;观察到了在液晶态尾挂侧链液晶聚合物和腰挂侧链液晶聚合物的不同取向行为.在室温下重新结晶数天后,腰挂液晶聚合物的紫外可见光谱缓慢回复.     

含噻吩单元的硅芴共聚物的合成及其蓝色电致发光性能

将少量(摩尔分数为1%—3％)含噻吩的窄带隙单体和宽带隙硅芴单体进行共聚, 合成了聚{9,9-二己基-3,6-硅芴-co-[2,5-二(2-甲基苯撑-4-基)-噻吩]}和聚{9,9-二己基-3,6-硅芴-co-[2,5-二(2-苯撑-4-基)-噻吩]}两类硅芴共聚物, 通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致发光光谱, 并制作聚合物发光二极管器件测试电致发光光谱等手段, 系统表征了两类硅芴共聚物材料的性能. 实验结果表明, 噻吩的加入形成了新的蓝色发光中心, 并且实现了从硅芴链段到含噻吩发光中心的有效能量转移. 通过增加发光中心结构的空间位阻来减小其共轭程度, 可以使聚合物的PL和EL光谱发生较大蓝移. 最终得到了效率为0.46%和色坐标(CIE)为(0.19, 0.16)的蓝光LED器件.     

含联苯结构侧链液晶聚合物的合成及相行为的研究

液晶聚合物从结构上可分为3种:侧链型、主链型和主侧链型。侧链型液晶聚合物主要是聚丙烯酸酯类、聚硅氧烷类以及磷腈聚合物类。Gray等对聚丙烯酸酯类含不同取代基的联苯结构液晶聚合物进行了研究,结果表明无间隔基且取代基为氰基和饱和脂肪基时,该聚合物呈现近晶型液晶行为。为了增加介晶单元的长径比及刚性,本文在聚甲基丙烯酸酯侧链     

一类新的刚性链侧链型液晶高分子的合成

以自由基聚合方法，合成了一系列含有三个苯环通过酯键相联的液晶性单体及其聚合物．在这类新的液晶高分子中，刚性液晶基元不通过柔性间隔基而直接竖挂在聚甲基丙烯酸酯大分子主链上．这些高分子有很高的玻璃化转变温度，表明其分子链刚性较大，因而代表了一类新的刚性链侧链型液晶高分子．它们的液晶行为用ＤＳＣ、偏光显微镜和Ｘ－光衍射进行了表征．发现所有单体和聚合物均为向列型热致性液晶．     

一种侧链液晶高分子的合成与表征

合成了一种主链为甲基丙烯酸酯 ,侧链是三个苯环以酯键相连的介晶基元 ,柔性间隔段为两个亚甲基的新的侧链液晶高分子 .聚合物和单体的化学结构、液晶相转变和液晶态织构采用红外光谱、核磁共振、偏光显微镜、差热分析和广角X光衍射进行了表征 .研究表明 ,单体呈现近晶相和向列相两个液晶相 ,聚合物在很宽的温度范围内呈向列相 .该单体和聚合物在一定条件下可形成固化诱导条带织构     

Laterally attached liquid crystalline polymers as stationary phases in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. II. Optimization of the molecular parameter of the polymer

Stationary phases obtained by coating side-chain liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) with the mesogenic rod like units laterally attached to a polysiloxane backbone via a flexible spacer have been already reported. These phases show excellent planarity and shape recognition for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) solutes in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Optimization of these stationary phases in terms of molecular parameters of the polymer is here described. Fifteen stationary phases have been prepared varying different parameters such as the spacer length, the aliphatic tail length, and the proportion of laterally attached mesogenic units along the polymer chain. The results show that the combination of a long spacer and long terminal chains, which generates a smectic phase in the polymer bulk, leads to the best chromatographic performances towards planarity and shape recognition for PAH solutes.     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NEW MESOGEN-JACKETED LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS*

Some new mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers (MJLCP) with polymer backbones, spacers, andmesogenic units of different structures were synthesized by radical polymerization. The mesomorphic behavior of thesepolymers was examined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarizing optical microscopy (POM). Theirliquid crystallinity is influenced by the variation of polymer backbone, spacer, mesogenic unit and its terminal groups. Theresults show that 1) a more flexible polymer main-chain is more favorable to the formation of a liquid crystal phase, while 2)a flexible spacer will decrease the "Jacket Effect" and the liquid crystallinity and 3) a subtle modification of the terminalgroups on the mesogenic unit may also have a significant influence on properties of the polymers.     

STUDY OF CHIRAL SIDE CHAIN LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMERS

Five kinds of side chain liquid crystalline polymers with a chiral component in the pendant group were synthesized and characterized by GPC, polarizing microscopy, DSC, X-ray diffraction ano Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy. The liquid crystalline behaviour of the polymers is affected by the length of flexible spacer, which links the mesogenic side chain to the polymer backbone and mesogenic moiety. The characteristic of smectic phase is observed for all the polymers.     

Liquid crystalline side chain polymer with a poly (Geraniol-co-MMA) backbone and phenylbenzoate mesogenic group: synthesis and characterization

A new side chain liquid crystalline polymers have been synthesized and characterized in which [geraniol-co-MMA] polymer are used as a backbone linked via polymethylene spacer to phenyl benzoate mesogenic group. The polymer exhibits enantiotropic liquid crystallinity with nematic phase and does not exhibit side chain crystallization .A clear difference between the nature of the mesophase is evidenced between [Geraniol-co-MMA] main chain and methacrylate polymers .The LC polymer exhibit glass transition at 40 °C. In a comparative analysis, we discuss the relevance of polymer backbone in the synthesis of side chain liquid crystalline polymers.     

Latticelike smectic liquid crystal phase in a rigid-rod helical polyisocyanide with mesogenic pendants

We report a unique macromolecule consisting of a rodlike helical polyisocyanide backbone with a narrow molecular weight distribution and rigid mesogenic chiral pendants linked via a flexible spacer that exhibits lyotropic nematic and latticelike new smectic (lat-Sm) liquid crystal phases at different concentrations. The unprecedented lat-Sm phase is associated with the smectic ordering of both the stiff polymer backbone and the rigid-rod side groups. A detailed investigation of the films using X-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy revealed a novel tilted smectic layer structure of the polymer backbone aligned perpendicular to the smectic layer of the mesogenic pendants, which arrange in an antiparallel overlapping interdigitated manner.     

Synthesis and characterization of liquid crystalline copolymethacrylates,copolyacrylates, and copolysiloxanes containing 4-methoxy-4′-hydroxy-α-methylstilbene and 4-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-α-methylstilbene constitutional isomers as side-groups

The synthesis of methacrylates and acrylates containing 4-methoxy-4′-hydroxy-α-methylstilbene and 4-hydroxy-4′-methoxy-α-methylstilbene constitutional isomers attached to the polymerizable group through flexible spacers containing 11, 8, 6, 3, and respectively 2 methylenic units is described. The radical copolymerization of a 1/2 or 2/1 mole ratio of the two constitutional isomeric monomers led to thermotropic side-chain liquid crystalline polymers in all cases. The synthesis of copolysiloxanes based on the same constitutional isomeric mesogens as side groups, and flexible spacers containing 11, 8, 6, 5, and respectively 3 methylenic units is also described. All polymers were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and optical polarization microscopy. The polymers containing 11 methylenic units in the spacer exhibit S_c mesomorphism, while the other polymers are nematic. Copolymethacrylates do not undergo side-chain crystallization. Only the copolyacrylate containing 11 methylenic units in the spacer exhibits side-chain crystallization. All the copolysiloxanes display side-chain crystallization. The number of melting transitions seen for these polymers decreases with increasing spacer length. Copolysiloxanes containing dissimilar spacer length were also prepared. Only the copolymer synthesized with highly dissimilar spacer lengths, i.e., containing 3 and 11 methylenic units, does not undergo side-chain crystallization. These results have demonstrated that while the type of mesophase is dictated only by the spacer length, the degree of decoupling of the motion of the side-groups from the motion of the main chain is strongly dependent on the nature of the polymer backbone. For the same mesogenic unit and spacer length, the thermal stability of the mesophase is also dictated by the nature of the polymer backbone. The use of constitutional isomers of mesogenic units as side groups in liquid crystalline polymers provides at least qualitative information on the degree of decoupling of the side groups from the polymer main chain.     

一种新型侧链液晶聚合物的喇曼光谱研究

The Raman scattering on a novel liquid crystal side chain polymer, poly-2,5-bis (p-meth-oxybenzoyloxy) styrene, has been performed. We observed that the characteristic Raman sp-ctra of the vinyl group in the monomer changed much deeply in the polymer, especially for the Raman line correponding to the C=C of the vinyl group which disappeared completly in the polymer. Contrast with that, the Raman spetra of the rest group did not present any substantial difference between the monomer and the polymer. These experimental facts show-ed that the vinyl group of the monomer was tranfered to the polymeric backbone while the chemical structure of the mesogenic unit in the monomer remained after the polymerization,and also conformed that it was successful in the synthesis of a liquid crystal side chain plymer without a flexible spacer between the mesomorphic unit and the molecular main chain.     

Thermotropic laterally attached liquid crystalline polymers: I. New stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography

Up to now thermotropic liquid crystalline side chain polymers have been seldom used as stationary phases in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The preparation of a new class of surface modified silica gels is reported. They are obtained by coating on the silica support liquid crystalline polysiloxanes with mesogenic side groups laterally attached to the polymer backbone through a flexible spacer. Their chromatographic behavior in reversed-phase HPLC is described for the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The results show excellent planarity and rod shape recognition capabilities. Comparisons with low-molecular-mass liquid crystalline-bonded silica and longitudinally attached liquid crystalline polymer-coated stationary phase are also reported. Finally, comparisons to commercially available C₁₈ phases are described for the separation of complex mixtures.