大环炔基噻吩衍生物的结构和UV-Vis光谱的理论研究

用DFT 和TDDFT方法对大环炔基噻吩衍生物的结构和UV-Vis光谱进行了理论研究. 对分子不同的对称性结构(C₁, C₅, C_5v)进行了优化, 得到了稳定的几何构型.以优化构型为基础计算了分子的UV-Vis光谱, 结果表明, C₅,C_5v对称性下丁基取代的分子构型(C[3T_DA]₅-Bu)都是较稳定的; 当分子构型具有C₅对称性时, 得到的光谱数据与实验值符合的较好. 对于大环噻吩C[3T_DA]₅衍生物, 性质相同取代基的体积大小及分子对称性都将影响结构的稳定性.     

B环对位取代异黄酮化合物的核磁共振研究

对14个合成的B环对位取代异黄酮化合物核磁共振氢谱进行了研究.利用超导核磁共振归属了B环无取代异黄酮质子的化学位移,根据取代基化学位移的变化影响规律考察了取代基对分子的影响方式.研究结果表明,2'(6'),3'(5')位质子共振迁移分别与取代基参数σ_p和S_o线性相关,说明4'位取代基主要通过电子效应影响其间位质子,其磁各向异性仅影响邻位质子,该取代基对A环质子影响不大,而对C环尤其是对2-H影响较明显.     

三苯基咪唑衍生物的聚集诱导发光性质及其细胞成像应用

聚集诱导发光(AIE)材料在生物医学领域有很大优势,尤其为生物成像研究开启了新局面.通过2,4,5-三苯基咪唑衍生物与1,4-二溴丁烷/1-溴丁烷亲核取代反应,合成了2个丁烷桥联的双咪唑衍生物及2个1-位丁基取代的单咪唑衍生物. 4个产物都表现出优异的AIE性质,其中含有甲氧基助色团的衍生物具有更长的发射波长.机理研究表明限制扭曲的分子内电荷转移是这类结构具有AIE活性的原因,因此, 2-位强吸电子芳基是它们具有AIE活性的决定因素.此外,咪唑环1-位取代基的空间效应对AIE也非常重要,因为较大体积的1-位取代基使分子呈扭曲构象,从而限制聚集态π-π堆积作用.最后,研究了1-位丁基取代的单咪唑衍生物的细胞染色和成像性能,结果显示二者在蓝色、绿色及红色通道都表现出不错的荧光成像能力,但在不同颜色通道观察到的细胞被染色区域不完全相同.     

2－（1，11－十一亚甲基）－5－取代亚胺基－△^3-1,3,4-噻二唑啉的构象

用NMR分子力学计算和单晶X射线衍射的方法对2-(1，11-十一亚甲基)-5-取代 亚胺基-△^3-1，3，4-噻二唑啉（1）的构象进行了分析，结果表明，标题化合物 1的十二员环采取D4对称的[3333]构象，噻二唑啉环与十二员环近似平面几乎垂直 构成螺环，位于[3333]构象的一个角碳，亚胺基上的取代基对母体十二员环内架的 构象及^13C NMR化学位移影响极小。     

Taibaihenryiin C的构型、构象及晶体结构

从太白山产的鄂西香茶菜中分离得到新骨架的二萜类化合物TaibaihenryiinC,对其进行X射线衍射晶体结构分析,确定其分子中各取代基的相对构型、环构象及晶体结构.研究表明,C-3位的羟基和C-11位的乙酰氧基以C-20位的甲基为参考均位于β位;分子中的A环为椅式构象,B,C环接近于船式构象,D环接近于信封式构象.特别是在D环中存在较大的扭转角,使D环中有内应力存在,这表明该化合物具有潜在的生理活性.TaibaihenryiinC的晶体结构属正交晶系,P2₁2₁2₁空间群,晶胞参数a=0.6162(1)nm,b=1.2730(1)nm,c=2.5193(3)nm,Z=4.在晶体中分子间通过C-3位的-OH氢与C-11位的乙酰氧基上的羰基氧形成分子间氢键,使分子在晶体中沿a轴呈螺旋结构排列.     

光谱法与分子模拟技术对槲皮素、金丝桃苷、芦丁与蛋白质的构效关系对比研究

利用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱并结合分子模拟技术对3种分子结构相似,仅母核上C环3位取代功能团不同的黄酮小分子槲皮素、金丝桃苷及芦丁对蛋白质的构象影响进行了对比研究.探讨黄酮分子相同位置上功能团不同对相互作用体系的结合常数、结合位点数、结合作用力及蛋白质构象的影响.实验表明黄酮母核C环3位上单糖苷的存在抑制了其药效的发挥,而单糖苷递增为双糖苷时这种抑制作用会有所减弱.     

具有三角架结构的丙二酸、β-二酮和吡唑衍生物的合成、结构及超分子自组装

本文系统的探讨了1,3,5-丙二酸衍生物取代基（2-5）,戊烷-2,4-二酮取代基(6),3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑取代基-2,4,6-三乙基苯(7)的合成和结构。1H NMR分析表明,这些化合物在溶液中具有高度的对称性;X-单晶衍射分析确认这些化合物在固态均采取1,3,5-交替构象,即三个功能取代基团处在中心苯环平面的一边,而三个乙基则位于该中心苯环平面的另一边。分子内和分子间氢键是化合物4,5,7实现超分子自组装的主要作用力。化合物7（L）的吡唑取代基与铜离子（II）通过Cu-N的配位键作用形成笼状配合物8 (Cu3L2),在配合物8中,两配体分子7（L）采取了顺式面面相向的构象。     

2-(1,11-十一亚甲基)-5-取代亚胺基-Δ~3-1,3,4-噻二唑啉的构象

用NMR分子力学计算和单晶X射线衍射方法对 2 (1,11 十一亚甲基 ) 5 取代亚胺基 Δ3 1,3,4 噻二唑啉 (1)的构象进行了分析 ,结果表明 ,标题化合物 1的十二员环采取D4 对称的 [3333]构象 ,噻二唑啉环与十二员环近似平面几乎垂直构成螺环 ,位于 [3333]构象的一个角碳 ,亚胺基上的取代基对母体十二员环骨架的构象及13 CNMR化学位移影响很小     

2-苯基/环己基环十二酮的还原选择性及trans-1,2-二取代环十二烷的构象分析

通过研究2-苯基/环己基环十二酮在不同还原剂和温度下的还原反应证实了2-取代环十二酮的还原反应具有cis-选择性.在此基础上,通过2-取代环十二酮的Na BH4还原反应、1,2-环氧环十二烷的开环反应及cis-2-苯基环十二醇的Mitsunobu反应和水解反应制备了一系列trans-1,2-二取代环十二烷;采用1H NMR、13C NMR、X射线衍射和量子化学计算等方法对其优势构象进行了分析.结果表明,trans-1,2-二取代环十二烷的优势构象为[3333]方形构象,1个取代基位于边碳外向位(Side-exo),另1个位于角碳反向位(Corneranti).cis-2,12-二取代环十二酮的Li Al H4还原产物的X射线衍射分析结果表明,生成的1,2,3-三取代环十二烷保持了环十二烷的[3333]方形构象,2个取代基位于边碳外向位,羟基位于角碳顺向位(Corner-syn),取代基呈现出cis-cis关系.     

乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂Corydaline的分子对接与开环衍生物的虚拟筛选

用分子对接软件GOLD, 研究了延胡索类生物碱corydaline与乙酰胆碱酯酶的结合模型, 并虚拟筛选了一系列具有不同碳链长度和取代基的开环衍生物以指导潜在高活性化合物的合成. 分子对接结果表明, corydaline与开口构象的酶结合可能性最大. 结合模型显示, corydaline的A环与外周阴离子位点Tyr334产生π-π堆积; 质子化氮原子与疏水位点Phe330产生阳离子-π作用; 而D环上的甲氧基则深入到活性口袋底部占据催化位点. 开环衍生物虚拟筛选发现, 大部分化合物的得分均高于母体, 得分排名前15位的化合物主要为被苄氧基等大基团取代且连接碳链长为2-7的衍生物. 基于预测结果, 合成了化合物7, 其抑制活性为现有药物加兰他敏的3倍.     

Taxane Diterpenoids from the Root Bark of Taiwanese Yew Taxus Mairei

Nineteen compounds including taxumairol R (1) , taxinine M (2) , taxacin (3) , paclitaxel (4) , 10‐deacetyltaxol A (5) , 10‐deacetyl‐7‐epi‐taxol (6) , 7‐epi‐taxol (7) , taxol C, 10‐deacetyltaxol C, 7β‐xylosyl‐10‐deacetyltaxol (8) , taxamairin A (9) , taxinine A, 14β‐hydroxytaxusin (10) , 5α‐hydroxy‐7β,9α,10β, 13α‐tetraacetoxy‐4(20), 11‐taxadiene, 1‐dehydroxybaccatin‐VI, 1β‐dehydroxybaccatin‐IV, baccatin IV, baccatin VI and ponasterone A have been isolated and identified from the root bark of Taxus mairei. Among them, compound 1 was a new taxoid and compounds 11 and 7β‐xylosyl‐10‐deacetyltaxol pentaacetate were new derivatives prepared from 14β‐hydroxytaxusin (10) and 8 , respectively. Their structures and assignment were established on the basis of 2D‐NMR analysis and chemical methods.     

A novel synthetic approach for the synthesis of pyridocarbazole alkaloids

The synthesis of 11‐methyl‐6H‐pyrido[4,3‐b]carbazole‐1(2H)‐one (5), which can be important for the synthesis of other pyridocarbazole alkaloids and especially 1‐substituted ellipticines, is described. Construction of the tetracyclic structure was achieved by a new route and two important precursor compounds (4a and 4b) for the synthesis of pyridocarbazole alkaloids and also many new tetrahydrocar‐bazole derivatives (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) were synthesized.     

A conformational NMR analysis of methymycin aglycones: complete and unambiguous assignments of stereochemically diverse glycosylated methymycin analogs by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and molecular modeling

The ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra of 10‐deoxymethynolide (1), 8.9‐dihydro‐10‐deoxymethynolide (2) and its glycosylated derivatives (3–9) were analyzed using gradient‐selected NMR techniques, including 1D TOCSY, gCOSY, 1D NOESY (DPFGSENOE), NOESY, gHMBC, gHSQC and gHSQC‐TOCSY. The NMR spectral parameters (chemical shifts and coupling constants) of 1–9 were determined by iterative analysis. For the first time, complete and unambiguous assignment of the ¹H NMR spectrum of 10‐deoxymethynolide (1) has been achieved in CDCl₃, CD₃OD and C₆D₆ solvents. The ¹H NMR spectrum of 8,9‐dihydro‐10‐deoxymethynolide (2) was recorded in CDCl₃, (CD₃)₂CO and CD₃OD solutions to determine the conformation. NMR‐based conformational analysis of 1 and 2 in conjugation with molecular modeling concluded that the 12‐membered ring of the macrolactones may predominantly exist in a single stable conformation in all solvents examined. In all cases, a change in solvent caused only small changes in chemical shifts and coupling constants, suggesting that all glycosylated methymycin analogs exist with similar conformations of the aglycone ring in solution. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The role of molecular mechanics in the prediction of the chain conformation of polymers in the crystalline state: Syndiotactic polymers

Molecular mechanics methods have been used in order to find the conformations of various syndiotactic polymers in crystals. Three different classes of polymers have been examined: i) polyolefins, such as poly(propylene), polystyrene, poly(1‐butene) and poly(1,2‐butadiene); ii) polydienes, such as cis‐1,4‐poly(1,3‐pentadiene); iii) alternating copolymers of carbon monoxide with styrene or styrene derivatives. The presence of conformational polymorphism in some of the studied polymers is predicted and explained by maps and minimizations of the conformational energy. The calculated internal parameters and chain axis repeats of all the considered polymers result in very good agreement with X‐ray experimental data reported in literature. The role of intramolecular nonbonded interactions in determining the conformations of the polymer chains is thoroughly discussed.     

Structural and conformational analysis of 1‐oxaspiro[2.5]octane and 1‐oxa‐2‐azaspiro[2.5]octane derivatives by 1H, 13C,and 15N NMR

A structural and conformational analysis of 1‐oxaspiro[2.5]octane and 1‐oxa‐2‐azaspiro[2.5]octane derivatives was performed using ¹H, ¹³ C, and ¹⁵ N NMR spectroscopy. The relative configuration and preferred conformations were determined by analyzing the homonuclear coupling constants and chemical shifts of the protons and carbon atoms in the aliphatic rings. These parameters directly reflected the steric and electronic effects of the substituent bonded to the aliphatic six‐membered ring or to C3 or N2. The parameters also were sensitive to the anisotropic positions of these atoms in the three‐atom ring. The preferred orientation of the exocyclic substituents directed the oxidative attack. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Carbon-13 NMR Studies: 82. Carbon-13 spectra of several 10-methyl-cis-decalins. Conformational preferences of some cis-decalin derivatives

The ¹³C spectra of a series of 21 cis-decalins, 17 of which bear 10-methyl substituents, have been recorded to examine geometrical and conformational effects on the ¹³C shieldings. Although the data for a few of the simpler examples have been reported, these compounds were examined to obtain results for a common medium and temperature. All of the derivatives are conformationally mobile and their spectra were examined as a function of temperature to obtain shieldings representative of the slow exchange limit. The examples include compounds which populate both available chair-chair conformations equally, some which exhibit a preference for one of these conformations and some which exist essentially in a single conformation. The data for the latter group combined with the observed temperature dependencies and results for other decalin systems led to specific assignments for each carbon. The internal consistency of the entire body of data offers strong support for these assignments. The conformational preferences observed for a number of decalones and Δ³-10-methyldecalin derivatives are discussed.     

Conformational studies of novel estrogen receptor ligands by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and computational methods

The solution conformations of the novel estrogen receptor ligands (17α,20E)‐(p‐trifluoromethylphenyl)vinylestradiol ( 1 ) and (17α,20E)‐(o‐trifluoromethylphenyl)vinylestradiol ( 2 ) were investigated in 2D and 1D NOESY studies and by comparison of ¹³C NMR chemical shifts with theoretical shieldings. The ¹H and ¹³C assignments of 1 and 2 were determined by DEPT, COSY and HMQC experiments. The conformations of the 17α‐phenylvinyl substituents of 1 and 2 are of interest because of their differing receptor binding affinities and effects in in vivo uterotrophic growth assays. A statistical method of evaluating contributing conformers of 1 and 2 from predicted ¹³C shifts of possible structures correlated fairly well with conformational conclusions derived from the NOE data. The 17α substituents of 1 and 2 apparently exist in similar conformational equilibria, suggesting that while 1 and 2 would occupy a similar receptor volume, interactions with the protein may shift the equilibrium and thereby influence the expression of the ligand. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Configurational and conformational studies of N,N-dimethylpiperidinium derivatives by 13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy

The ¹³C and ¹H NMR spectra of a series of methiodides of mono- and di-C-methyl derivatives of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-piperidinols are reported and chemical shift data analysed in terms of configurations and conformations of isomeric sets. Results demondtrate the value of quaternary salt NMR data as an aid to configurational assignment, and the evaluation of non-bonded interactions governing conformational equilibria in piperidine derivatives.     

Derivatives of Coenzyme F430 with a Covalently Attached α‐Axial Ligand. Part I

X‐Ray structures of the enzyme methyl‐coenzyme M reductase show that the Ni‐center in the prosthetic group coenzyme F430 is penta‐ or hexacoordinated with the carboxamide group of a glutamine residue occupying the axial coordination site on the α‐side of the macrocycle. To obtain diastereoselectively coordinated complexes for mechanistic and spectroscopic studies of the free coenzyme in solution, we aimed to prepare partial‐synthetic derivatives of coenzyme F430 that have a coordinating group attached via a linker to one of the propanoic acid side chains. By using molecular‐mechanics calculations and two different conformational search methods, a set of 50 structures containing imidazole or pyridine units as potential ligands were computationally tested according to geometric criteria defining coordinating conformations. The best candidates proved to be proline‐containing tri‐ and tetrapeptides with a methyl‐histidine as the C‐terminal residue. These linkers were synthesized, and their conformation was determined by NMR. Refinement of the molecular modeling by using the experimentally determined geometric restraints allowed us to decide that the tripeptide Pro‐Pro‐His(π‐Me)‐OMe ( 10 ) was the most promising of all tested structures for attachment to the side chain at C(3) or C(13) of F430.     

d‐Secoestrone derivatives. V

The two title 16,17‐secoestrone derivatives, 3‐methoxy‐17‐oxo‐17‐phenyl‐16,17‐secoestra‐1,3,5(10)‐triene‐16‐nitrile, C₂₅H₂₇NO₂, (I) (17‐oxo substituent), and 17‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐17‐phenyl‐16,17‐secoestra‐1,3,5(10)‐triene‐16‐nitrile, C₂₅H₂₉NO₂, (II) (17‐hydroxy substituent), have quite different conformations in the solid state. These conformational differences can be minimized by molecular mechanics calculations. Thus, the remarkable difference in the biological activity of the two compounds, e.g. the strong oestrogenic characteristics of (I) and the moderate antioestrogenic action of (II), must be caused by the difference in substitution at C17. In (II), the mol­ecules are linked by O—H?N hydrogen bonds, forming spirals along the b direction.