Saponins ofDioscorea polystachya

Summary A new water-soluble saponin, dioscinin, consisting of a glucoside-dirhamnoside-glucoside of 25D-22-spirost-5-en-3-ol has been isolated from the rhizomes ofDioscorea polystachya. In addition to dioscin and dioscinin, the rhizomes ofDioscorea polystachya contain a small amount of gracillin and the kikuba-saponin corresponding to it.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 155–158, 1967     

Triterpene glycosides of alfalfa. V. Medicoside H

A new triterpene glycoside — medicoside H — has been isolated from the roots ofMedicago sativa L. (Fabaceae), and on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics its structure has been established as medicagenic acid 3-O--D-glucopyranoside 28-O-[O--L-rhamnopyronosyl-(1 2)--L-arabino-pyranoside].Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 673–677, September–October, 1989.     

The flavonoids of the milk vetches

Summary 1. A new flavonoid glycoside that we have calledastragaloside has been isolated from the flowers ofAstragalus publiflorus D.C.; it has the structure of isorhamnetin 3-(-D-glucosyl-6--D-glucoside).2. Stepwise acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis withAspergillus oryzae has given a flavonol glycoside, isorhamnetin 3--D-glucoside.3. The carbohydrate component is O-6--D-glucosyl-D-glucose.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 394–399, 1966     

Direct Microspectrophotometric Determination of Bismuth in Silver with Semi-Xylenol Orange

75–300ng of bismuth in a sample mass of 20mg of silver can be determined spectrophotometrically in a nitric acid medium (0.18molL^–1) with Semi-Xylenol Orange as chromogenic agent. Its selectivity is realized by using less toxic reagents in very small amounts to mask some of the interfering impurity cationic species while the matrix effect is negligible. The conditional formation constant of the colored chelate formed was found to be lgK_f=3.1. It exhibits a maximum at 540nm with a molar absorptivity of 4.2×10⁴Lmo1^–1cm^–1. The linear regression equation for this determination is A=0.022+0.0018C, where C stands for the concentration of Bi (ng per 0.5mL) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9873. The RSD at the level of 200ng of Bi (n=10) was found to be 5%.     

The structure of xanthoceras saponin

Summary It has been established that xanthoceras saponin is O--arabopyranosyl-(1 4)-[O--galactopyranosyl-(1 6)-O--glucopyranosyl-(1 3)]-O--glucuronopyranosyl-(1 3)-gypsogenin.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 442–444, July–August, 1971.     

Isolation of the galactan ofPhyllophora nervosa and characterization of its structure

Summary 1. The chemical composition of the galactan of the Black-Sea algaPhyllophora nervosa has been established and its structure has been studied. The polysaccharide is linear and is constructed of D-galactose residued connected by 1 3 glycosidic bonds and of 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose residues connected by 1 4 bonds:-(4-0--D-Galp-13--D-3,6-AhGalp-1)-.2. The ester nature of the bond of the sulfuric acid residues with the primary and secondary carbon atoms of the galactose residues has been shown.M. V. Lomonosov Odessa Technological Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 693–698, November–December, 1976.     

Pinusolide, a new diterpenoid from Pinus sibirica and P. korsensis

Conclusions From the neutral fraction of the oleoresin ofPinus sibirica R. Mayr andP. koraensis Sieb. et Zucc. a new diterpenoid has been isolated which we have called pinusolide, whose structure has been shown to be that of methyl labd-8(20)-1,3-dien-16,15-olid-19-oate.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 541–545, September–October, 1970.     

Measurement of thermal constants of calcium chromite by Laser Flash method

Calcium chromite, CaCr₂O₄, was prepared and its purity and stoichiometry were ascertained by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction methods. The thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of calcium chromite were measured by Laser Flash method using an Ulvac-Sinku Riko TC-3000 series instrument in the temperature range of 298 to 1100 K. The heat capacity data were utilised to calculate the thermodynamic parametersenthalpy increments, entropy increments and free energy increments—in the above temperature range.

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Zusammenfassung Kalziumchromit, CaCr₂O₄, wurde hergestellt und seine Reinheit und stöchiometrische Zusammensetzung mit Hilfe chemischer Analyse und Röntgendiffraktionsmethoden ermittelt. Anhand eines Ulyac-Sinku Riko TC-3000 Gerätes wurde mit Laser Flash Verfahren die Temperaturleitfähigkeit, die spezifische Wärmekapazität und die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Kalziumchromit im Temperaturbereich 298–1100 K bestimmt. Die Wärmekapazitätsdaten wurden zur Berechnung der thermodynamischen Größen (Enthalpie-, Entropie-, Freie Energieänderung) in obigem Temperaturbereich benutzt.

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CaCr₂O₄, . , - TC-3000, 298–1100K , . , , .

     

Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins. XXXVIII. Cycloalpigenin D and cycloalpioside D from Astragalus alopecurus

Eight compounds of triterpenoid nature have been isolated from the epigeal parts of the plantAstragalus alopecurus Pall. (Leguminosae) and have been designated in order of increasing polarity as substance 1–8. On the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics, we have established the structures of 4 and 8, which have been called cycloalpigenin D and cycloalpioside D, respectively. Cycloalpigenin D is 20R,24S-epoxycycloartane-3,7,16,25-tetraol. Cycloalpioside D is cycloalpigenin D 3-O--D-xylopyranoside.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 377–384, May–June, 1991.     

Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXIV. Cycloaraloside E from Astragalus amarus

Five compounds of glycosidic nature, designated 5–9 have been isolated from the roots of the plantAstragalus amarus Pall. (Leguminosae). The structure of substance 8, which has been called cycloaraloside E, has been shown on the basis of chemical transformations and spectral characteristics. Cycloaraloside E is 20R, 24S-epoxycycloartane-3,6,16,25-tetraol 3,25-di-0--D-glucopyranoside.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 656–659, September–October, 1990.     

Über die Aufspaltung des d-Niveaus in Komplexen kubischer Symmetrie

Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen einer Mehrelektronentheorie, in der Austausch zwischen sämtlichen Elektronen zugelassen ist, wird gezeigt, daß die Aufspaltungen des d-Niveaus in Komplexen mit Oktaeder-, Würfel- bzw. Tetraedergestalt sich wie 1–8/9–4/9 verhalten.

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It is shown within the frame of a many electron theory, including exchange between all electrons, that the splitting of the d-level is proportional to 1–8/9–4/9 in octahedral, cubic, tetrahedral complex ions.

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Résumé Au cadre d'une théorie polyélectronique avec «échange» entre toutes les électrons, nous montrons que les dédoublements du niveau d dans les complexes octaédriques, cubiques, et tétraédriques sont proportionnels dans le rapport 1–8/9–4/9.

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Der Verfasser dankt Herrn Dr. Schmidtke für die Mitteilung seiner Ergebnisse vor deren Veröffentlichung und Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Hartmann für die gewährte Arbeitsmöglichkeit.     

Steroids of the spirostan and furostan series from plants of the genus Allium. XXVI. Structure of anzurogenin and anzuroside from the collective fruits of Allium suvorovii and Allium stipitatum

A new steroid glycoside of the spirostan series, anzuroside, has been isolated from the collective fruits of the cocultivatedAllium suvorovii Rgl. andA. stipitatum Rgl. (family Liliaceae, local name anzur). Enzymatic cleavage of the glycoside has given the previously undescribed steroid sapogenin anzurogenic C, which has the structure of (24S, 25S)-2,3,5,24-tetrahydroxy-5-spirostan-6-one. Anzuroside is the 24-O--D-glucopyranoside of anzurogenin C.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 505–510, July–August, 1989.     

Interaction of cyclodextrins with drugs. Chromatographic investigation using a cyclodextrin bonded-phase and its application to chiral separations

Summary The interaction between cyclodextrin and the drug (1R,2S,3S,4S)-(5Z)-7-(3-((phenylsulfonyl)amino)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)hept-5-enoic acid ((+)-S-145), was studied using -, -, and -cyclodextrin bonded-phase columns. Retention behavior of (+)-S-145 on these columns revealed that the strength of inclusion was -cyclodextrin. Interaction between -cyclodextrin and (+)-S-145 was found to increase as the proportion of carboxylic ion in the (+)-S-145 molecule increased. Comparison of binding capacities of these bondedsilica gels obtained by frontal analysis and surface coverage indicated that availability of the immobilized - and -cyclodextrin was 20–25%. The synthesized -cyclodextrin bonded-phase column was superior to that of commercial columns in terms of chiral separation of (±)-S-145. A typical usage of the -cyclodextrin column is discussed for separation of (±)-S-145 in plasma samples.     

Lignans of the bark of Syringa volgaris

Two lignans have been isolated from the bark ofSyringa vulgaris and identified: (+)-lariciresinol 4--D-glucopyranoside (I) and -olivil 4--D-glucopyranoside (II). This is the first time that glycoside (9) has been described.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants Scientific-Production Association, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 768–771, November–December, 1991.     

Cardiac glycosides of Erysimum crepidifolium

Summary Four cardiac glycosides have been isolated from the leaves ofErysimum crepidifolium Rchb. Three of them have been identified as erysimin, erysimoside, and erycordin. The fourth glycoside, which has been named glucostrophalloside, is new, and it consists of strophanthidin 3-O-[4-O--D-glucopyranosyl--D-allomethylopyranoside].Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 611–614, September–October, 1974.     

Steroid compounds of marine sponges

A new sulfated steroid triol — 26-norsokotrasterol sulfate — has been identified in extracts of the sponge(Trachyopsis halichondroides). Its structure has been shown as 24,25,26-trimethyl-5-cholest-23-ene-2, 3, 6-triol trisulfate. No steroid substances with side chains having the structure of that in 26-norsokotrasterol sulfate have previously been found.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry. Far Eastern Branch, USSR Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii. No. 3. pp. 371–375, May–June, 1988.     

Artenolide — A new disesquiterpenoid fromArtemisia absinthium

A new steroid glycoside — alliospiroside B (I) — has been isolated from the collective fruit ofAllium cepa L. On the basis of chemical transformations and with the aid of physicochemical measurements it has been established that compound (I) has the structure of (25S)spirost-5-ene-1,3-diol 1-O-[O--L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 2)--D-galactopyranoside. Compound (I) C₃₉H₆₂O₃, mp 200–202°C (from ethanol). [] _D ²⁰ –110.9±2° (c 1.01; pyridine) was obtained by extracting the collective fruit ofA. cepa with ethanol folowed by the column chromatographic separation of the combined glycosides on silica gel. The acid hydrolysis of (I) gave (25S)-ruscogenin (II), C₂₇H₄₂O₄, mp 189–191°C, [] _D ²³ –104.1±2° (c 0.98; pyridine). The¹H and¹³C NMR spectra are given for both compounds and the IR spectrum for compound (I).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR, Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 589–592, September–October, 1986.     

Chemistry of the lipids

Conclusions 1. A. new route for the synthesis of optically active ,-diglycerides has been developed.2. D- and L-, -Distearins and D-, -dilinolenin have been synthesized from the readily accessible L- and D--O-tritylglycerols.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 210–214, 1969