Tunability of the M(II)M(III)/M(II)(2) and M(III)(2)/M(II)M(III) (M=Mn, Co) couples in bis-μ-O,O'-carboxylato-μ-OR bridged complexes

A comparison of the electrochemical properties of a series of dinuclear complexes [M(2)(L)(RCO(2))(2)](+) with M = Mn or Co, L = 2,6-bis(N,N-bis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-sulfonamido)-4-methylphenolato (bpsmp(-)) or 2,6-bis(N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)aminomethyl)-4-tert-butylphenolato (bpbp(-)) and R = H, CH(3), CF(3) or 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate demonstrates: (i) The electron-withdrawing sulfonyl groups in the backbone of bpsmp(-) stabilize the [M(2)(bpsmp)(RCO(2))(2)](+) complexes in their M(II)(2) oxidation state compared to their [M(2)(bpbp)(RCO(2))(2)](+) analogues. Manganese complexes are stabilised by approximately 550 mV and cobalt complexes by 650 mV. (ii) The auxiliary bridging carboxylato ligands further attenuate the metal-based redox chemistry. Substitution of two acetato for two trifluoroacetato ligands shifts redox couples by 300-400 mV. Within the working potential window, reversible or quasi-reversible M(II)M(III)? M(II)(2) processes range from 0.31 to 1.41 V for the [Co(2)(L)(RCO(2))(2)](+/2+) complexes and from 0.54 to 1.41 V for the [Mn(2)(L)(RCO(2))(2)](+/2+) complexes versus Ag/AgCl for E(M(II)M(III)/M(II)(2)). The extreme limits are defined by the complexes [M(2)(bpbp)(CH(3)CO(2))(2)](+) and [M(2)(bpsmp)(CF(3)CO(2))(2)](+) for both metal ions. Thus, tuning the ligand field in these dinuclear complexes makes possible a range of around 0.9 V and 1.49 V for the one-electron E(M(II)M(III)/M(II)(2)) couple of the Mn and Co complexes, respectively. The second one-electron process, M(II)M(III)? M(III)(2) was also observed in some cases. The lowest potential recorded for the E°(M(III)(2)/M(II)M(III)) couple was 0.63 V for [Co(2)(bpbp)(CH(3)CO(2))(2)](2+) and the highest measurable potential was 2.23 V versus Ag/AgCl for [Co(2)(bpsmp)(CF(3)CO(2))(2)](2+).     

Synthesis,crystal structures,and magnetic properties of three K[M(bpb)(CN)2]-based trinuclear sandwich-like heterobimetallic M(III)–Ni(II) (M = Fe,Cr, Co) complexes

Three trinuclear sandwich-type cyanide-bridged M^III–Ni^II complexes, {[Ni(cyclm)[Fe(bpb)(CN)₂]₂}·8H₂O (1), {[Ni(cyclm)[Cr(bpb)(CN)₂]₂}·2H₂O (2), and {[Ni(cyclm)[Co(bpb)(CN)₂]₂}·CH₃OH·2H₂O (3) (cyclm?=?1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane), have been synthesized using K[M(bpb)(CN)₂] (M?=?Fe, Cr, Co; bpb?=?1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)benzenate) as building block and one Ni(II) compound containing a 14-membered macrocycle ring as assembling segment. All the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray structure determination. Single X-ray diffraction analysis shows similar sandwich-like structures, in which the two cyanide-containing building blocks are monodentate through one of their two cyanides, coordinated face to face to the central Ni(II). Investigation of the magnetic properties of 1 and 2 reveals ferromagnetic magnetic coupling between the neighboring Fe(III)/Cr(III) and Ni(II) through the bridging cyanide. A best-fit to the magnetic susceptibilities of 1 and 2 based on the trinuclear M₂Ni model leads to magnetic coupling constants J?=?5.47(1)?cm^?1 for 1 and J?=?6.37(2)?cm^?1 for 2.     

Five metal imidazole dicarboxylate-based compounds comprising M3(MIDC)2 entities (M = Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+): syntheses,structures and properties

Five metal imidazole dicarboxylate-based compounds, {[Zn₃(MIDC)₂(4,4′-bipy)₃](4,4′-bipy)·8H₂O}_n (1), {[Co₃(MIDC)₂(4,4′-bipy)₃](4,4′-bipy)·6H₂O}_n (2), {[Co₃(MIDC)₂(py)₂(H₂O)₂]}_n (3), {[Mn₆(MIDC)₄(py)₅(H₂O)₄]}_n (4), and {[Mn₃(MIDC)₂(Phen)₃(H₂O)₂]}_n (5) (H₃MIDC = 2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid; 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine; py = pyridine; Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. We control the coordination modes of H₃MIDC via hydrazine and obtained a series of coordination compounds containing honeycomb-like [M₃(MIDC)₂]_n layers. We also investigated the effects of different neutral terminal or bridging ligands on [M₃(MIDC)₂]_n layers. Coplanar [M₃(MIDC)₂]_n layers and 4,4-bipy were used to construct 3-D frameworks of 1 and 2. Puckered [M₃(MIDC)₂]_n layers were found in 3–5; 4 is the first [M₃(L)₂]_n layer structure with two crests and troughs during each period (L = imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid or its analog). Compound 5 is the first puckered [M₃(L)₂]_n layer structure decorated by chelating neutral ligands. Compound 1 exhibits weak blue photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements of 2–5 indicate strong antiferromagnetic interactions.     

Spectroscopic and electroreductive characterization of new μ-oxodiiron(III) compounds with acyclic tetradentate ligands

We report the FT-i.r., FT-Raman, electronic, and Mo¨ssbauer spectra for several new -oxo-monobridge FeIIIOFeIII compounds with acyclic tetradentate ligands. Mo¨ssbauer spectra confirm the oxidation states for these complexes. The symmetric and asymmetric stretching frequencies determined for Fe–O–Fe bonds have allowed changes to be predicted in the M–O–M angle (from 144.6 to 150.7°). The electronic absorption spectra surprisingly resemble features exhibited by the spectrum of hemerythrine.Voltammetric results in DMF with a vitreous carbon electrode reveal three one-electron reduction stages which correspond to the dimeric processes and to the monomeric process.     

Magnetic properties of isostructural M(H2O)4[Au(CN)4]2-based coordination polymers (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) by SQUID and μSR studies

A series of isomorphous M(H(2)O)(4)[Au(CN)(4)](2)·4H(2)O (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Zn; Cu is similar) coordination polymers was synthesized from the reaction of M(II) with KAu(CN)(4); they consist of octahedrally coordinated metal centres with four equatorial water molecules and trans-axial N-cyano ligands from [Au(CN)(4)](-) moieties, generating a linear 1-D chain of M(H(2)O)(4)[Au(CN)(4)]-units. An additional interstitial [Au(CN)(4)](-) unit forms AuN and hydrogen bonds with adjacent chains. The Cu(II) system readily loses water to yield Cu[Au(CN)(4)](2)(H(2)O)(4), which was not structurally characterized. The magnetic properties of these polymers were investigated by a combination of SQUID magnetometry and zero-field muon spin relaxation (ZF-μSR). Only weak antiferromagnetic interactions along the chains are mediated by the [Au(CN)(4)]-units, but the ZF-μSR data indicates that interchain interactions yield a phase transition to a magnetically ordered state for Cu[Au(CN)(4)](2)(H(2)O)(4) below 0.6 K, while for M(H(2)O)(4)[Au(CN)(4)](2)·4H(2)O (M = Co), depopulation of zero-field split Kramer's doublets to an effective "S = 1/2" ground state yields a transition to a spin-frozen magnetic state below 0.26 K. On the other hand, only a simple slowing-down of spins above 0.02 K is observed for the more weakly zero-field split M(H(2)O)(4)[Au(CN)(4)](2)·4H(2)O (M = Mn, Ni) complexes.     

Syntheses of (imidazole)pentaamminemetal(III) and μ-imidazolatodecaamminedimetal(III) complexes from trifluoromethanesulfonato precursors

The [M(NH₃)₅(imidH)]³⁺ complex ions (M = Co, Rh or Ir; imidH = imidazole) can be readily prepared by reaction of [M(NH₃)₅(OSO₂CF₃)]²⁺ ions with imidazole in sulfolane. Subsequent reaction of [M′(NH₃)₅(OSO₂CF₃)]²⁺ with [M(NH₃)₅(imidH)]³⁺ in sulfolane in the presence of a non-coordinating base permits synthesis of the binuclear imidazolate-bridged complexes [(NH₃)₅M(imid)M′(NH₃)₅]⁵⁺ (M = M′= Co or Rh; M = Co, M′ = Rh), characterized by spectroscopic, chromatographic and voltammetric methods, and by reactivity.     

Synthesis,crystal structures and magnetic properties of a series of new cyano-bridged complexes derived from templates [Ni(CN)4]2− and [Co(III)(CN)6]3−

Three new cyano-bridged complexes 1 [Ni(tn)₂Ni(CN)₄] (tn?=?1,3-diaminopropane), 2 [Cu^II(dipn)Ni^II(CN)₄], and 3 [Cu(dipn)]₆[Co(CN)₆]₄?·?4H₂O (dipn?=?dipropylenetriamine) have been assembled by the templates [Ni(CN)₄]^2? and [Co(CN)₆]^3?. 1 consists of a one-dimensional linear chain–Ni(tn)₂–NC–Ni(CN)₂–CN–Ni(tn)_2? in which the Ni(II) centers are linked by two CN groups. One 1-D zigzag chain of 2 is formed with–Ni(2)–C–N–Cu(1)–N–C–linkages. A 2D structure of 3 is formed by an alternate array of [Co(CN)₆]^3? and [Co][Cu₆] units. For 1, there is an overall weak antiferromagnetic interaction between Ni(II) ions through the–NC–Ni–CN–bridges of the diamagnetic [Ni(CN)₄]^2? anions. 2 exhibits a weak antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between copper(II) ions mediated by [Ni(CN)₄]^2? diamagnetic bridges. Complex 3 exhibits a weak ferromagnetic interaction between nearest Cu^II and Cu^II atoms through–NC–Co–CN–bridges.     

Synthesis,spectroscopic studies and magnetic properties of binuclear complexes of the first transition series cations bridged by 2,2′-bipyrimidine

Binuclear complexes [M₂Cl₄(-bpym)], where M = VO²⁺, Fe^II, Co^II or Cu^II and bpym = 2,2-bipyrimidine, and [M₂(hfacac)₄(-bpym)] complexes, where hfacac = hexafluoroacetylacetonate and M = Fe^II, Ni^II or Co^II have been synthesized and characterized by chemical analysis, conductance measurements, i.r., electronic and e.p.r spectroscopies and by magnetic susceptibility measurements (in the 4.2–291K range). Co^II and Fe^II are in a high spin state. [(VO)₂Cl₄(-bpym)] is paramagnetic, without significant interactions. [Fe₂Cl₄(-bpym)] shows a singular behaviour explained by an antiferromagnetic intradimer exchange and a ferromagnetic interdimer interaction. All other complexes are antiferromagnetic, with an intramolecular exchange parameter, J, varying from –3.3 cm^–1 for Co^II/math> to –109 cm^–1 for Cu^II.     

Hexanuclear Fe(III)2Co(III)2M(II)2 (M = Cu, Ni, Mn) clusters based on Kläui's tripodal ligand and tricyanometalates: syntheses, structures and magnetic properties

With the use of Kl?ui's tripodal ligand, [(Cp)Co(P(O)(OEt)(2))(3)](-) (L(CoEt), Cp = cyclopentadiene) as the auxiliary ligand to react with different metal salts and tricyanometalate building blocks, five neutral trimetallic hexanuclear complexes: [(Tp)(2)Fe(2)(CN)(6)Cu(2)(L(CoEt))(2)]·6H(2)O (1, Tp = hydridotris(pyrazolyl)borate), [(Tp*)(2)Fe(2)(CN)(6)Cu(2)(L(CoEt))(2)]·2H(2)O (2, Tp* = hydridotris(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazolyl)borate), [(pzTp)(2)Fe(2)(CN)(6)Cu(2)(L(CoEt))(2)]·H(2)O·3MeOH (3, pzTp = tetra(pyrazolyl)borate), [(Tp)(2)Fe(2)(CN)(6)Ni(2)(L(CoEt))(2)(MeCN)(2)]·2MeCN·2H(2)O (4) and [(Tp)(2)Fe(2)(CN)(6)Mn(2)(L(CoEt))(2)(MeCN)(2)]·2MeCN (5), have been obtained and structurally characterized. Magnetic measurements confirm that there are ferromagnetic couplings between the cyano-bridged Fe and Cu/or Ni ions and antiferromagnetic interaction between the cyano-bridged Fe and Mn ions. Slow relaxation of the magnetization is observed in complexes 1 and 4, while complex 3 exhibits metamagnetic behavior with a critical field of 17.5 kOe.     

A μ(1,1)- or μ(1,3)-carboxylate bridge makes the difference in the magnetic properties of dinuclear Mn(II) compounds

Six new dinuclear Mn(II) compounds with carboxylate bridges have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction: [{Mn(phen)(2)}(2)(μ-RC(6)H(4)COO)(2)](ClO(4))(2) with R = 2-Cl (1), 2-CH(3) (2), 3-Cl (3), 3-CH(3) (4), 4-Cl (5) and 4-CH(3) (6). Compounds 1 and 2 show two μ(1,3)-carboxylate bridges in a syn-anti mode while compounds 3-6 present a very uncommon coordination mode of the carboxylate ligand: the μ(1,1)-bridge. The magnetic properties of these compounds are very sensitive to the bridging mode of the carboxylate ligands. While compounds 1 and 2 (μ(1,3)-bridge) display antiferromagnetic interactions, with J values of -1.41 and -1.66 cm(-1), respectively, compounds 3-6 (μ(1,1)-bridge) show ferromagnetic interactions, with J values of 1.01, 0.98, 1.04 and 1.06 cm(-1), respectively. It is worth noting that compounds 3-6 are the first of their class to be magnetically characterized. The EPR spectra at 4 K for compounds with antiferromagnetic coupling (1 and 2) are more complex than those for compounds with a ferromagnetic interaction (3-6). Quite good simulations can be obtained with the ZFS parameters of the Mn(II) ion D(Mn) ~ 0.095 cm(-1) and E(Mn) ~ 0.025 cm(-1) for compounds 1 and 2 and D(Mn) ~ 0.060 cm(-1) and E(Mn) ~ 0.004 cm(-1) for compounds 3-6.     

Three novel octacyanomolybdate(IV)–M(II) [M = Mn and Cu] bimetallic assemblies: crystal structures and magnetic properties

Synthesis, structure characterization, and magnetic properties of three novel cyano-bridged complexes {[Mn^II(bpy)(DMF)₂]₂[Mo^IV(CN)₈]·1.5H₂O} _n (1), [Cu^II(L)]₂[Mo^IV(CN)₈]·6.75H₂O (2), and [Mn^II(bpy)₂]₄[Mo^IV(CN)₈]₂·4MeOH·4H₂O (3) (where DMF = N,N′-dimethylformamide; bpy = 2,2-bipyridine and L = 1,3,6,8,11,14-hexaazatricyclo[12.2.1.1^8,11]octadecane) have been studied. The X-ray single-crystal structure reveals that 1 is a cyanide-bridged 1D infinite chain with the alternating of Mn^II(bpy)(DMF)₂ and Mo^IV(CN)₈ moieties. The neighboring chains interact with each other by hydrogen bonding to form a sheet-like network, and the layers further extend to a 3D network due to the face-to-face π···π stack interactions. For 2, the Mo^IV center adopts a distorted square antiprism coordination environment, while the Cu^II center adopts a distorted square pyramidal geometry. The weak Mo–CN···Cu interactions between neighboring molecules lead to a 2D network structure of 2. For 3, basic structural unit is centrosymmetric and contains four Mn^II centers bridged by two octacyanomolybdate(IV). Here, their magnetic properties have also been studied. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Three K[M(salen)(CN)2]-based trinuclear sandwich-like heterobimetallic M(III)–Cu(II) (M = Fe,Cr, Co) complexes: synthesis,crystal structures,and magnetic properties

Transition Metal Chemistry - Three trans-dicyanoiron(III) precursors K[M(salen)(CN)2] (M = Fe, Cr or Co; H2salen = N,N′-bis(salicyl)ethylenediamine) and...     

Newly designed Mn (III)–W(V) bimetallic assembly built by manganese (III) Schiff–base and octacyanotungstate(V) building blocks: Structural topologies,and magnetic features

New complex [Mn (SB)₂(DMF)₂] [W (CN)₈] hereafter referred to as complex 1 , which was prepared by self–assembly of [Mn (SB)₂(DMF)₂]³⁺ and [W (CN)₈]³⁻ and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) and single crystal X–ray techniques (H₂SB is Schiff base derived from the condensation of salicylaldehyde and N,N–diethylethylenediamine and DMF is dimethylformamide). The structure consists of 1–D supramolecular chains and further stacks to give a 3–D supramolecular architecture whose molecular fragments are linked by hydrogen bond as well as C − H···π interactions between [Mn (SB)₂(DMF)₂]³⁺ and [W (CN)₈]³⁻. An underlying net for the representation consists of two types of fragments with 1,4 M5–1 and 1,8 M9–1 topologies and further illustration of the molecular network in terms of a graph−theory approach using simplification procedure resulted in the underlying net of 2C1topological type in the complex 1 . Magnetic susceptibility measurements of complex 1 was carried out in the temperature range 2–300 K, indicates the presence of either magnetic anisotropy zero field splitting, the effect of intramolecular interactions, or both. Complex 1 follows the Curie–Weiss law with Curie constant value of 3.43 cm³mol⁻¹K, and the slight negative Weiss constant (−0.60 K) value indicates the predominant antiferromagnetic magnetic exchange interactions. The magnetic properties of Title complex was investigated thoroughly and showed that ferromagnetic interaction between W(V) and Mn (III) operate via the intramolecular H–bonding interaction between cyanide nitrogens and a hydrogen atom.     

Cyanide-bridged bi- and trinuclear heterobimetallic Fe(III)–Mn(III) complexes: Synthesis,crystal structures and magnetic properties

By employing trans-dicyano or pentacyanometalate as building block and using a bicompartimental Schiffbase based manganese(III) compound as assemble segment, two new cyanide-bridged heterometallic Fe(III)–Mn(III) complexes {[Mn(L)(H₂O)][Febpb(CN)₂]}·2CH₃OH (1) and {[Mn(L)(H₂O)]₂··[Fe(CN)₅NO]} (2) (bpb^2– = 1,2-bis(pyridine-2-carboxamido)benzenate, L = N,N'-ethylene-bis(3-ethoxysalicylideneiminate) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and X-ray structure determination. Single X-ray diffraction analysis reveals binuclear FeMn and trinuclear FeMn₂ structure, respectively, in which the cyanide precursor acts as mono- or bidentate ligand to connect the Mn(III) Schiff-base unit(s). Furthermore, these two complexes are self-complementary through coordinated aqua ligands from one complex and the free O₄ compartments from the neighboring complex, giving dimeric and 1D single chain supramolecular structure. Investigation of the magnetic susceptibility of 1 reveals weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the adjacent Mn(III) ions. Based on the binuclear FeMn model, best fit of the magnetic susceptibilities of 1 leads to the magnetic coupling constants J =–1.37 cm^–1 and zJ′ =–0.72 cm^–1 (1).     

One-dimensional cyanide-bridged Fe(III)–Mn(II) magnetic complexes with different configurations derived from a new pentacyanoiron(III) building block

Two cyanide-bridged heterometallic Fe^III–Mn^II complexes with formula {[Mn(bipy)(H₂O)]₂[Fe(2-CH₃im)(CN)₅]₂}_n·nCH₃OH·4nH₂O (2) (bipy?=?2,2′-bipyridine) and {[Mn(MAC)][Fe(2-CH₃im)(CN)₅]}_n·nDMF·3nH₂O (3) (MAC?=?2,13-dimethyl-3,6,9,12,18-pentaazabicyclo-[12.3.1]octadeca-1(18),2,12,14,16-pentaene) have been successfully synthesized by assembling a newly designed pentacyanoiron(III) precursor [PPh₄]₂[Fe(CN)₅(2-CH₃im)]·2CH₃OH (1) and two Mn(II) compounds containing bulky ancillary organic ligands as segments, and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray structure determination. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed one-dimensional (1D) ladder-like double or linear single infinite-chain structures for complex 2 and 3, respectively, indicating the obvious steric influence of the auxiliary ligand(s) on the structural type. Experimental and theoretical investigations on the magnetic properties of the complexes showed the antiferromagnetic coupling between the cyanide-bridged low-spin Fe(III) ion and high-spin Mn(II) ion.

     

Spectroscopic properties of [M(CN)5py]n− complexes [M  Fe(II), Co(III); py = pyridine]

The IR, electronic and NMR spectra of K₂[Co(CN)₅py]·H₂O and Na₃[fe(CN)₅py]·3H₂O, as well as the Mössbauer spectrum of the latter complex, are reported and discussed. In particular it is argued that the wavenumbers and intensities of the i.r.-active CN stretching vibrations and the NMR chemical shifts of the m- and p-but not o-protons suggest greater metal to ligand back π-bonding in the Fe(II) complex than in the Co(III) complex.     

An Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Pyrazine- and 4,4′-bipyridyl-Td-type Clathrates: Mn (pyrazine) M(CN)4 benzene (M = Cd or Hg) and Mn (4,4′-bipyridyl) M(CN)4. benzene (M = Zn, Cd or Hg)

The infrared spectra of the title compounds have been reported. The spectral data suggest that the host framework of these compounds are similar to those of the en-T_d-type clathrate compounds. There is good evidence for hydrogen bonding from ligand molecules to benzene molecules as a to hydrogen bond.     

Structure and magnetic properties of a decanuclear Mn(II)₂Mn(III)₂Dy₆ aggregate

Using glycerol (H?gly) as a primary ligand, the decanuclear aggregate [Mn(II)?Mn(III)?Dy?(μ?-OH)?(Hgly)?(H?gly)?-(PhCO?)??(H?O)?]·10CH?CN (1) has been synthesised; it has a structure built up from two Mn?Dy? heterocubane units linked through a central Dy?(μ-benzoate)? paddle-wheel dimer and shows slow relaxation of its magnetisation.     

Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of μ-iodanilato dinuclear oxovanadium (Ⅳ) complexes

Five oxovanadium(Ⅳ) dinuclear complexes described by the overall formula [(VO)2(IA)L2]-SO4, where IA represents the dianion of iodanilic acid and L denotes 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) ; 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Me2-bpy); 1,10-phenanthroline (phen); 4,7-diphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline (Ph2-phen) and 5-nitro-l, 10-phenanthroline (NO2-phen) , have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductivity and room-temperature magnetic moment measurements, IR and electronic spectral studies. It is proposed that these complexes have IA-bridged structures and consist of two oxovanadium(Ⅳ) ions each in a square- pyramidal environment. The complexes [ ( VO)2 (IA) (bpy )2 ] SO4 (1) and [ ( VO )2 ( IA) ( phen)2 ] -SO4 (2) were further characterized by variable temperature (4.2-300 K) magnetic susceptibility measurements and the observed data were fitted to the modified Bleaney-Bowers equation by the least-squares method, giving the exchange integral J = -2.15 cm-1 for 1 and J = - 9.88 cm-1 for 2