共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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本文介绍了裂变瞬发中子多重性这一研究领域的概况,着重介绍获第二届吴有训物理奖的“自发裂变和中子诱发裂变的瞬发中子多重性的研究”成果的主要内容和意义. 相似文献
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在中国原子能科学研究院的高压倍加器上利用中子飞行时间方法测量了2.8 MeV中子引起238U裂变的瞬发中子能谱,通过增大样品量和设计合适的屏蔽体提高了效应/本底比,使得测量数据的不确定度满足预期目标(在5.5~14 MeV能区内,能量间隔为0.5 MeV条件下能谱的不确定度小于10%)。将实验几何、中子源能量分布及角分布、探测效率、束流的时间结构等实验条件输入到MCNP程序里,模拟了出射的中子谱,模拟结果与测量结果在不确定度范围内一致,验证了在入射中子能量较低时238>U的裂变瞬发中子谱评价数据的可靠性。The Prompt Fission Neutron Spectrum (PFNS) of 238U induced by 2.8 MeV neutron was measured using the Cockcroft-Walton accelerator in China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). The signal/background ratio was improved by increasing the amount of sample mass and using an appropriate shielding system. The final uncertainty of neutron energy spectrum in 5.5~14 MeV region is less than 10% with a bin size of 0.5 MeV which has reached this project's anticipation. The experimental geometry, the angular distribution and energy distribution of neutron source, the detection efficiency and time structure of deuteron beam were inputted into the MCNP code to simulate the outgoing neutron spectrum. The simulated results agree with the experimental ones within the uncertainty. The result indicates that the evaluated PFNS for 238U at low neutron energy is reliable. 相似文献
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在向没有任何缓发中子先驱核存在的次临界系统中注入一束脉冲中子后,系统中的瞬发中子强度随空间和能量分布的形状在经过很短一段时间的调整后,将A=Aoexp(λ,t)衰减,A为瞬发中子强度,s^-1;A0为初始瞬发中子强度,s^-1;t为瞬发中子衰减时间,s;λ为瞬发中子衰减常数,s^-1。 相似文献
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简要地介绍了热中子俘获瞬发γ射线数据的测量、评价、检验及其中子俘获瞬发γ射线活化分析数据库的研制、结构和基本数据内容等. The evaluation, measurement, and check of prompt γ-ray data for neutron capture are presented. The development of the database of prompt γ-ray activation analysis for neutron capture, and its structure and basical data are also described in the text. 相似文献
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瞬发γ中子活化分析是重要的核分析方法之一,是H和B等轻元素的重要分析手段,近年来应用范围不断增加.概要介绍了瞬发γ中子活化分析的基本原理,重点介绍了中国原子能科学研究院重水研究堆热中子束瞬发γ中子活化分析实验装置以及50 keV-11 MeV的宽能区γ效率刻度方法.还应用瞬发γ中子活化分析分析了海底锰结核标准物质GSPN 3中11种元素,结果与标准值基本一致.Neutron induced prompt γ activation analysis(PGNAA),is one of the nuclear analytical method,which is a powerful tool for H,B,etc.undestructive determination.The applications of PGNAA are increased in recent years.In this paper,the basic principle of PGNAA was introduced briefly.The facilities of PGNAA in HWRR of China Institute of Atomic Energy as well as the efficiency calibration for a wide range gamma from 50 keV to 10 MeV were emphasized.A deep sea polymetallic nodule CRM,GSPN 3 was analyzed by using PGNAA in this work,the results have agreement with the certified values. 相似文献
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在合金材料的生产过程中,不同金属元素的含量改变对产品的性能以及可靠性有重要的影响,通过在线检测技术能够对产品中不同元素含量进行实时分析,从而指导其工业生产过程,提高产品质量。目前常规的无损检测方法受限于分析深度,无法对样品内部成分进行分析,从而影响测量结果的准确性。瞬发伽马中子活化分析(PGNAA)技术是一种高灵敏度、多元素同时分析的无损检测技术,可以对大块样品进行快速分析。针对PGNAA技术在大体积金属样品检测的可行性进行研究,通过测量快中子与样品发生非弹性散射反应激发的伽马射线对样品成分进行分析。搭建了一套测量系统,包括D-T中子发生器,中子反射体,中子准直体,高纯锗(HPGe)探测器及探测器屏蔽防护。首先,对Fe,Ti,Cr,Ni和Cu等5种金属元素进行了分析研究。对不同质量下的样品进行测量,通过伽马能谱处理软件GAMMAFIT对HPGe探测器测量到的特征伽马峰进行拟合,获得全能峰的净面积。分析全能峰净面积与样品质量之间的响应,对探测器的探测效率变化造成的非线性响应进行修正,得到不同元素的校准曲线,结果显示各元素修正后的校准曲线均具有良好的线型关系。对不同元素的质量检测限进行分析,不同金属元素的质量检测限分别为Fe(44 g),Ti(25 g),Cr(33 g),Ni(108 g)和Cu(72 g)。利用测量系统对不锈钢合金样品中的Fe和Cr元素含量测量开展了研究,通过测量标准样品建立了Fe和Cr元素的定标曲线,并对未知样品进行了测量分析。同时与X射线荧光光谱(XRF)测量结果进行了对比分析,结果表明两种方法的Fe元素和Cr元素测量值偏差分别为4.08%和2.97%。研究结果表明,利用PGNAA技术可以对多种金属元素和合金样品进行测量分析,为后续其他金属样品的检测奠定了研究基础。 相似文献
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The prompt fission neutron spectra for the neutron-induced fission of 235U at En < 5 MeV are calculated using nuclear evaporation theory with a semi-empirical model, in which the nonconstant and constant temperatures related to the Fermi gas model are taken into account. The calculated prompt fission neutron spectra reproduce the experimental data well. For the n(thermal)+235U reaction, the average nuclear temperature of the fission fragment, and the probability distribution of the nuclear temperature, are discussed and compared with the Los Alamos model. The energy carried away by γ rays emitted from each fragment is also obtained and the results are in good agreement with the existing experimental data. 相似文献
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The prompt fission neutron spectra for the neutron-induced fission of 233U for low energy neutrons (below 6 MeV) are calculated using nuclear evaporation theory with a semi-empirical method, in which the partition of the total excitation energy between the fission fragments for the nth+233U fission reactions is determined by the available experimental and evaluation data. The calculated prompt fission neutron spectra agree well with the experimental data. The proportions of high-energy neutrons of prompt fission neutron spectrum versus incident neutron energies are investigated with the theoretical spectra, and the results are consistent with the systematics. The semi-empirical method could be a useful tool for the prompt evaluation of fission neutron spectra. 相似文献
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为了实现基于蒙特卡罗方法的中子动力学计算,在传统的直接蒙特卡罗动力学方法的基础上,提出了一种加权蒙特卡罗动力学方法。该方法通过引入粒子权重的概念,隐式考虑中子俘获反应和裂变反应过程中中子数目的变化,避免了模拟粒子的数目随时间的变化,降低了统计偏差,消除了程序计算过程中粒子的存库操作,提高了计算精度。基于单能点堆模型,开发了中子动力学计算程序NECP-Dandi,进行了大量数值验证与分析,包括无缓发中子、单组缓发中子、六组缓发中子、正阶跃反应性引入、负阶跃反应性引入、正脉冲反应性、负脉冲反应性和正线性反应性引入等情况。数值结果表明,相比于直接蒙特卡罗动力学方法,加权蒙特卡罗动力学方法在计算结果的精度和计算效率上有较为明显的改进,程序结构更为简洁。 相似文献
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依据实验参数,建立了14MeV快中子照相的物理模型,并利用Monte Carlo方法对照相过程进行了模拟. 分析了经聚乙烯样品散射的中子对快中子图像的影响随样品与探测器间距及样品参数的变化. 计算结果表明,样品与探测器的距离d<5cm时,样品中的散射中子对图像的影响强烈依赖于d,而当d>20cm时,样品散射中子对图像的影响可忽略;当样品密度为3—5g/cm3时散射中子对图像的影响相对最大;样品宽度越大,图像中的散射成分越多,当宽度在3cm以上时散射成分的强度趋于饱和.
关键词:
14MeV中子
快中子照相
散射中子
Monte Carlo模拟 相似文献
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It is a very complex and time-consuming process to simulate the nuclear reactor neutron spectrum from the reactor core to the export channel by applying a Monte Carlo program. This paper presents a new method to calculate the neutron spectrum by using the convolution technique which considers the channel transportation as a linear system and the transportation scattering as the response function. It also applies Monte Carlo Neutron and Photon Transport Code (MCNP) to simulate the response function numerically. With the application of convolution technique to calculate the spectrum distribution from the core to the channel, the process is then much more convenient only with the simple numerical integral numeration. This saves computer time and reduces some trouble in re-writing of the MCNP program. 相似文献
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H. R. Vega-Carrillo E. Manzanares-Acuña V. M. Hernández-Dávila J. Ramírez González R. Hernández Villasana A. Chacón Ruiz 《辐射效应与固体损伤》2013,168(4):218-223
Using the Monte Carlo methods, the spectrum, dose equivalent and ambient dose equivalent of a 239PuBe have been determined at several distances. The spectrum and both doses were determined to 100 cm with a Bonner sphere spectrometer. These quantities were obtained by unfolding the spectrometer count rates using artificial neural networks. The dose equivalent was measured with the area neutron dosemeter Eberline model NRD, to 100, 200 and 300 cm. All the measurements were carried out in an open space to avoid the room-return. With these results, it was found that this source has a yield of 8.41E(6) n/s. 相似文献
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为获取小角度出射的单能中子源,采用蒙特卡罗软件对小型D-D中子管产生的能量为2.45 MeV的4立体角中子源进行了准直屏蔽结构设计。准直屏蔽结构分为准直器和捕获穴,准直器采用铁+含硼聚乙烯+铅的三层过滤结构,用于屏蔽照射野外杂散中子,捕获穴主要功能是增加反方向中子的弹性散射次数,从而降低出射束低能散射中子的比例。通过MCNP模拟得到了准直器各层材料的最佳厚度和出射孔尺寸以及捕获穴最佳结构。经验证,中子照射野处2.45 MeV的中子通量比照射野外大三个量级,中子照射野处低能中子通量比2.45 MeV的中子通量低一个量级,墙壁外总剂量率(中子+)在2.5 Gy/h以下。该研究对于小角度单能中子源的快速获取具有一定的实用价值,获取的中子源可用于中子剂量仪器有效性检验、中子监测仪性能测试等方面的研究。 相似文献