提高自感现象演示效果的几种有效方法

定量分析了自感现象演示实验中可能不出现“猛然一亮”的根本原因，介绍了几种解决这一问题的有效方法．     

谈“千人震”自感现象实验

在我市的一次物理教学观摩活动中,有一位教师上普通高中课程标准实验教科书(鲁科版)《物理·选修3-2》第二章第二节"自感"时,为了创设教学情境,做了一个千人震自感现象演示实验,实验电路如图1所示.     

对自感现象演示实验的分析与改进

通过对自感现象演示实验的分析，针对存在的问题，提出了改进方案。     

浅议自感现象实验的演示

图1所示为一自感现象的演示实验电路．怎样才能把这个实验演示成功，且对实验所出现灯泡更亮的一闪再熄灭的现象给予正确的解释呢？笔者根据平时在教学过程中的实践和思考提出了一些不成熟的看法，与各位同仁商讨．     

谈谈两种自感电路的区别

笔者在有关资料上看到过这样一道题：如图1所示的电路，A、B是两只电阻都为R的完全相同的白炽灯，线圈的直流电阻也为R，其自感系数L较大．在开关S1、S2闭合电路稳定后，两灯泡的亮度相同；再断开S2，则灯泡A会出现     

对自感现象的探究

实验目的不仅是验证规律、培训实验技能。而是要使学生在科学的学习和研究方法上获取感性体会。学生实验是探求知识的重要手段。下面就我们多年以来的实际研究谈谈对自感现象的探究体会。     

自感现象演示实验的研究

结合多年的教学经验,从理论分析,得出了通、断电自感的条件,在实验中用光电传感器把光转换成声,获得光声明显的自感现象效果。     

自感现象实验的改进

1引言文献[1]指出:现行高中教材中设计的分别演示通、断电自感现象的两个实验(如图1、图2所示),最大缺点在于把通电自感和断电自感两种现象割裂开来.且两实验分开做浪费时间,也不易解释断电自感实验中接通瞬间灯泡的突然闪亮.因此完全可以用断电自感实验装置同时观察通、断电自感现     

对自感现象中灯泡亮度的研究

本文通过对演示自感现象实验中灯泡亮度的问题讨论 ,对自感现象进行电路分析 ,加深了对自感现象的认识     

两个重要关系式的教学

光的本质和原子物理的教学中，有两个重要的关系式，其一是光电效应方程：1/2mv^2=hv-W其二是玻尔对氢原子定态跃迁的假设：hv=E2-Et(2)这是两个既重要而又容易混淆的内容．总复习中，有学生问：能否将这两个式子统一起来理解?并提出：光电效应可以认为，当电子吸收的光子能量hv大于电子从基态到游离态的电离能W时，即有电子逸出，差值hv-W便是电子的动能．于是，(1)式便与(2)式相统一了．     

一个重要结论的应用

在功和能的学习中,经常遇到一对作用力和反作用力做功的问题,一个力做的功是与参照系的选择有关的,但一对作用力和反作用力做功之和却是与参照系(无论是惯性参照系还是非惯性参照系)的选择无关的.这一重要结论应用于解题有时是非常简捷方便的.     

Entanglement Transfer and Periodic Sudden Death Phenomenon in Two Parallel 1D Spin Chains of Quantum Spin Network

We investigate the entanglement transfer in two parallel ID spin chains of a quantum spin network, and show that the perfect entanglement transfer can be realized at some special times. In addition, the so-called ＇sudden death＇ phenomenon of entanglement is found in the spin network system.     

海市蜃楼现象的模拟与研究

利用食盐和蔗糖溶液,分别构建了两种不同的体系来模拟海市蜃楼现象,均实现了良好的上现蜃景。同时对两种体系在实验过程中出现的各种现象和成像效果做了比较,从物理实验的角度形象地加深了对海市蜃楼这一神秘自然景观的认识和理解。     

直尺衍射现象及分析

衍射是光的波动性的一个重要特征,而光栅衍射则是其中一类常见且重要的衍射现象.当激光束入射直尺边缘或表面时会出现半圆形衍射光斑,其产生机理并不清楚.针对直尺边缘与表面的半圆形衍射光斑,本文理论结合实验分析了其产生机理.研究发现,当直尺表面或侧面存在规则的类光栅结构时,其衍射光斑为半圆形.利用标准二值光栅模型分析了直尺衍射问题,发现半圆形衍射光斑起源于多套光栅衍射的叠加.     

Phenomenon of apokamp discharge

A new phenomenon has been discovered where a bend of a plasma channel becomes of a source of one or several diffuse jets that have a length (at a given voltage) up to 4–6 cm and are directed across the plasma channel at a pulse-periodic spark discharge in air under normal conditions. The phenomenon is called apokamp discharge (apokamp). The spectrum of radiation of the apokamp includes primarily the bands of electron-vibrational transitions of the second positive system of molecular nitrogen. The conditions of the formation of apokamp have been experimentally revealed and it has been established that it consists of plasma bunches moving from the plasma channel at each pulse at a velocity of about 220 km/s.     

Application of Asymmetric Model in Analysis of Fluorescence Spectra of Biologically Important Molecules

Having a valid mathematical model for structureless emission band shapes is important when deconvoluting fluorescence spectra of complex molecules. We propose a new asymmetric model for emission spectra of five organic molecules containing aromatic ring: catechol, coniferyl alcohol, hydroquinone, phenylalanine and tryptophan. For each molecule, a series of emission spectra, varying in excitation wavelength, were fitted with the new model as well as with two other analytical expressions: log-normal, described previously in the literature, and sigmoid-exponential. Their deconvolution into two, three and four Gaussian components was also performed, in order to estimate the number of symmetric components needed to obtain a better fitting quality than that of the asymmetric models. Four subtypes of the new model, as well as the log-normal one, did not differ significantly in their fitting errors, while the sigmoid-exponential model showed a significantly worse fit. Spectra of two mixtures: hydroquinone–coniferyl alcohol and hydroquinone–tryptophan were deconvoluted into two asymmetric and four Gaussian components. Positions of asymmetric components of mixtures matched those of separate molecules, while Gaussian did not. Component analysis of a polymer molecule, lignin, was also performed. In this more complex case asymmetric and Gaussian components also grouped in alternating positions.     

Phenomenon of statistical stability

Results of experimental research for the statistical stability of physical processes are presented. They demonstrate that, in general, real processes are statistically unstable but the stability violation is significant only when observation intervals are large. Research results for interrelation between the statistical stability of a process and its spectrum and also for particularities of the law of large numbers when the statistical stability is disturbed are generalized. Ways of unstable process generation are studied.     

负折射现象及其应用

众所周知,光线及所有电磁波在穿越媒质传播时是按J·C·麦克斯韦建立的电磁律行事的.1967年,苏联物理学家维塞拉戈(V.G.Veselago)忽发奇想:如果有一种物质其(麦克斯韦方程中的两个常数)电容率(Electric permittivityε)和磁导率(Magnetic permeabilityμ)均为负值将会出现怎样的有趣现象呢?他的理论推导得出三种可能[1～2]: