Simultaneous determination of zinc and copper(II) with 1-(2-pyridylazo)2-naphthol in micellar media by spectrophotometric H-point standard addition method

The H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) was applied to handling spectrophotometric data for simultaneous determination of Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ or selective determination of Zn²⁺ in the presence of Cu²⁺. The ligand 1-(2-pyridylazo)2-naphthol (PAN) and its metal complexes (Zn-PAN and Cu(II)-PAN) were made water-soluble by the neutral surfactant Triton X-100, and therefore, no extraction with organic solvents was required. The method is based on the difference in absorbance of formed complexes between Zn²⁺ and PAN, at two different wavelengths at pH = 9.2. The formation of both the complexes was complete within five minutes. Zn²⁺ can be determined in the range of 0.2–25 μg/mL with satisfactory accuracy and precision in the presence of excess of Cu²⁺ and most other metal ions. Interference effects of common anions and cations were studied. Under working conditions, the proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ in several real and synthetic mixtures with different concentration ratio of Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

二价铜、锌离子对盐酸巴马亭与牛血清白蛋白结合反应光谱的影响研究

The binding of Palmatine hydrochloride to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied, in the presence of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺, with fluorescence spectrum and ultra-violet spectrum. The results show that Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ don′t influence the first binding constant of Palmatine to BSA and the binding site of it to BSA. But Cu²⁺ has the fluorescence quenching effect on sensitive fluorescence of medicine binding to BSA.     

[Ru(bpy)2tpphz]2+与Zn2+形成的双核配合物的荧光性质研究

The formation of heterobimetallic ruthenium(Ⅱ) complex was investigated by absorption and emission spectra. As an intercalator of DNA， the luminescent monometallic ruthenium(Ⅱ) complex [Ru(bpy)₂tpphz]²⁺ could coor-dinate with Zn²⁺ to form the nonluminescent heterobimetallic complex [Ru(bpy)₂(tpphz)Zn]⁴⁺. The emission in-tensity of complex decreased as increasing the amounts of Zn²⁺ and the luminescence was almost lost at the ratio of [Zn]/[Ru] of 1. After binding to DNA， the peripheral coordination site on the tpphz ligand remained accessible for Zn²⁺， the coordination occurred from the oppsite side of helix with respect to intercalated [Ru(bpy)₂tpphz]²⁺ and the nonluminescent heterobimetallic complex was formed. On the other hand， the [Ru(bpy)₂(tpphz)Zn]⁴⁺ also bound to DNA by intercalation and situated the region of the intercalated [Ru(bpy)₂tpphz]²⁺ between the base pairs of DNA. The complex looked like a molecular nut (the Zn²⁺) and bolt (the [Ru(bpy)₂tpphz]²⁺).     

手性配体立体选择性萃取分离扁桃酸对映体

Based on chiral ligand exchange, the distribution behavior of mandelic acid enantiomers in the two-phase system containing copper ion(Ⅱ)(Cu²⁺) and N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline (L), was studied. At different pH, the partition of Cu²⁺ in the two-phase system containing N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline, was investigated. The formation constant of binary cpmplex(Li₂Cu) was obtained by regression. The influence of pH, concentrations of Cu²⁺ and chiral ligand, and solvents on partition coefficients(K) and separation factor(α), was discussed. The experimental results show that Li forms more stable ternary complex with D-mandelic acid than with L- mandelic acid. There is a large influence of pH on K and α. At low pH values (<3.5), formation of binary complexes is thermodynamically unfavourable. K and α are best when pH values are above 3.5 and the molar ratio of chiral ligand to Cu²⁺ is 2∶1. At the same time, solvents influence K and α very much.     

Cu/ZnO-TiO2复合半导体光催化材料的制备与表征

The metallic Cu modified n-p coupled semiconductors Cu/ZnO-TiO₂ were prepared by sol-gel method, and their crystal structure, surface composition and absorptivity of UV light were investigated by techniques of DTA-TG, XRD, TEM, BET, TPR, IR and UV-Vis. The results show that the main crystal structure of the coupled-semiconductors is anatase TiO₂ with the particle size in the range of 10～16 nm and BET surface area above 80 m²·g^-1. In the process of Sol-gel the probability to form ZnO is reduced because of the dilution of Zn²⁺ with Ti(OC₄H₉)₄. But through the molecular-level contact with TiO₂, Zn²⁺ cations take the places of the O-tetrahedral and O-octahedral centers to partly form Zn₂TiO₄, and the coupling effects decrease the reflectivity of semiconductors in the wavelength region of 250～400 nm. A photo-exciting mechanism of the semiconductors embedded with metallic Cu was proposed. The Fermi energy of metallic Cu is in the band gap of ZnO and TiO₂, so the addition of metallic Cu offers new energy bands to give and receive the photoelectrons, thus expanding the absorption region of the semiconductors to visible light.     

meso-四(对烷氧基苯基)卟啉配合物的合成、表征和液晶性研究

The method of Adler was improved to prepare a series of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-alkoxyphenyl)porphyrins and their complexes containing Fe³⁺, Mn³⁺, Pb²⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺. Among them there were seven new compounds. All these compounds were identified through ¹H NMR, MS, IR, UV and Element analysis. The correlation between the structure of compounds and their ¹H NMR, MS, IR, UV spectra was discussed and their specific spectra were explained. We found nine metalloporphyrins exhibited liquid crystal behaviour through DSC and polarized-light microscope. They had one to three mesophases and certain phase transition temperature, ΔH and temperature range of L.C(ΔT).     

叠氮化钠与烟草多酚氧化酶相互作用的光谱学研究

N₃^- is a kind of ligand with very strong power for coordination, and is able to bind with many kinds of metal ions or metalloproteins. The metal ions in metalloproteins usually locate at the active site of them, and the combination of other chemical compound(s) to them will cause great influence on the structure and function of them. In addition, the combination can also provide information of the structure of the active site of the enzymes, and that of the higher-order structure of the enzyme. In this paper, we studied the interaction between N₃^- and PPOⅡ from Nicotina Tobacco by the determination of changes in enzymatic activity, UV-Vis, fluorescence spectra and FT-IR. The results showed that N₃^- can activate PPOⅡ with a near linear increase in enzymatic activity to the concentration of N₃^- when the [N₃^-]/[PPOⅡ](molar/molar) is less than or equal to 1.0, and that the enzymatic activity begins to decrease from 1.0 to 4.0; N₃^- didn’t coordinate directly with Cu²⁺ in the active site, but may interact with the side chain groups with positive charges, and further resulted in the increase in α-helix and the slightly decrease in β-turn, random coil and extended chain; the Cu²⁺ may locate deeply in the inner part of PPOⅡ, and coordinates strongly with nitrogen atoms in imidazole of histidine; N₃^- can quench the fluorescence of PPOⅡ, and make the microenvironments of Trp residues more polar after the interaction between N₃^- PPOⅡ.     

ZnS准纳米棒的胶棉膜模板合成及其性能研究

ZnS Quasi-nanorods were successfully synthesized with artificial active membrane of celloidin as template by the cooperating effect of artificial active membrane and ethylenediamine. The results indicated that ZnS quasi-nanorods, which had a hexangular wurtzite structure, could be formed at room temperature with 0.1mol·L^-1 ZnSO₄ which added suitable template reagent ethylenediamine and 0.1mol·L^-1 Na₂S as reactants. The par-ticles＇ diameter was from 200nm to 500nm, and the average length was about 12μm. The photics property study showed that the product reserved the properties of IR permeation and fluorescent luminescence in bulk materials, and the UV-Vis spectrum showed that the furthest absorption peak was at 308nm having 42nm＇s blue-shift com-paring to ZnS bulk material, which indicated that the particles had obvious quantum size effect.     

固溶体结构对Ca2-xSrxZn4Ti15O36∶Pr3+发光性质的影响

Ca_2-xSr_xZn₄Ti₁₅O₃₆∶Pr red long decay phosphor was synthesized by high temperature solid state reaction. Photoluminescence property and crystalline and unit cell parameters of the orthorhombic were investigated by fluorescence spectrophotometer and by powder X-ray diffraction, respectively. The emission intensity at 618 nm changes sharply when the concentration of Sr²⁺ (x) is less than 0.1 and the emission intensity reaches the maximum when x is equal to 0.007. There is an obviously broad excitation band at 270 nm when x is equal to 0.003 and it disappears gradually when x is over 0.01. The unit cell a parameter of Ca_2-xSr_xZn₄Ti₁₅O₃₆∶Pr decreases while c parameter increases with the increases of the concentration of the doped Sr²⁺. When x is over 0.1 the value of the unit cell parameters a and c become stable. TL peaks of Ca₂Zn₄Ti₁₅O₃₆∶Pr, Ca_1.993Sr_0.007Zn₄Ti₁₅O₃₆∶0.002Pr³⁺, 0.002Na⁺, are located at 62 ℃, 88 ℃, respectively, which indicates that there are deeper traps in Ca_1.993Sr_0.007Zn₄Ti₁₅O₃₆∶0.002Pr³⁺, 0.002Na⁺.     

N2O活化的Fe/ZSM-5表面活性氧的表征(英)

Temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) was employed to quantitatively characterize the active oxygen species generated from a high Fe-loading Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst exposed to N₂O at 250 ℃. [Fe-O-Fe]²⁺ dimer was determined as the active iron complex for N₂O decomposition to produce the active oxygen. Reduction of Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ by H₂ in the dimer and removal of OH^- groups from Fe²⁺ dimer by heating Fe/ZSM-5 to 700 ℃ were the prerequisites for the formation of this active Fe complex. A linear correlation with a slope of 1.0 between the amount of [Fe-O-Fe]²⁺ and that of active oxygen species was observed. Maximum amount of active oxygen species can be generated by reducing Fe/ZSM-5 catalyst with H₂ at the temperatures over 500 ℃ and then heating the resulting product in Ar to 700 ℃, followed by N₂O exposure at 250 ℃. The ratio of the total number of oxygen atoms (Ode) deposited by interaction of [Fe-O-Fe]²⁺ with N₂O to the amount of [Fe-O-Fe]²⁺ was 2. However, not all the deposited oxygen atoms were active oxygen (O_a); the ratio of O_a and O_de was 0.5. The iron dimer complex composing active oxygen is a five-atom ion [Fe₂O₃]²⁺; the most probable structure is as follows:     

矿化剂浓度对水热法合成氧化锌晶体的影响

In this paper different shapes of ZnO crystals were synthesized by hydrothermal method when different con-centrations of mineralizer were used. When KOH was less than 2mol·L^-1 and the fill factor was approximately 35% at 350℃, ZnO crystals were synthesized with size of several hundred nanometer or several micron. The shapes of crystals were hexagonal cones. When 3mol·L^-1 KOH was used as mineralize at 350℃ and the fill factor was approximately 35%, the crystals with many different sizes were synthesized, the size of maximal crystal was over 100 micron, the small-size crystals were only several micron. When mineralizer KOH was less than 1mol·L^-1 and the fill factor was approximately 35% at 430℃, ZnO crystals were synthesized with size of several hundred nanometer or several micron. The shapes of crystals were hexagonal cones. When 1.5mol·L^-1 KOH or 2mol·L^-1 KOH was used as mineralize at 430℃ and the fill factor was approximately 35%, the high quality and hexagonal prism crystals were synthesized with many different sizes, the size of maximal crystal was over 100 mi-cron, the small-size crystal was only several micron. Especially when 3mol·L^-1 KOH was used as mineralize at 430℃ and the fill factor was approximately 35%, the high quality and hexagonal prism crystals were synthesized with size of 1mm along c axis. The exposed faces were hexagonal faces m{1010}, hexagonal cone faces p{1011}, negative polar faces O{0001}. In addition, many crystals with the shape of hexagonal cone and in several micron to 50 μm of size were present. The exposed faces were hexagonal cone faces p{1011}, negative polar faces {0001}.     

Si5P6O25∶Tb3+的结构与荧光性质

Tb³⁺ ions were incorporated in P-Si matrix material through a sol-gel process. Luminescence properties of Tb³⁺ as a function of dopant， firing temperature， composition and structure of matrices were investigated. The gels synthesized by the reaction of P₂O₅ or H₃PO₄ with tetraethoxy silane and TbCl₃ as dopant were fired in air from the temperature 25～1000℃ to form P-Si crystalline phase. The crystal structure was determined by powder X-ray diffraction. Si₅O(PO₄)₆ were the only crystalline phase and belong to hexagonal crystal system. The emission of ⁵D₄-⁷F₅(～545nm) transition of Tb³⁺ in the P-Si system is composed of two peaks. The amount of doping Tb³⁺ varied from 0.664% to 1.644%， and no obvious concentration quenching was observed in this doping concentra-tion range. The intensity of Tb³⁺ emission increased with firing temperature increasing and becomes stable at 800～1000℃.     

Cloning, expression, and characterization of thermostable region of amylopullulanase gene from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus 39E

The bifunctional activities of α-amylase and pullulanase are found in the cloned recombinant amylopullulanase. It was encoded in a 2.9-kb DNA fragment that was amplified using polymerase chain reaction from the chromosomal DNA of Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus 39E. An estimated 109-kDa recombinant protein was obtained from the cloned gene under the prokaryotic expression system. The optimum pH of the recombinant amylopullulanase was 6.0. The most stable pH for the α-amylase and pullulanase activity was 5.5 and 5.0, respectively. The optimum temperature for the α-amylase activity was 90°C, while its most stable temperature was 80°C. Regarding pullulanase activity, the optimum temperature and its most stable temperature were found to be 80 and 75°C, respectively. Pullulan was found to be the best substrate for the enzyme. The enzyme was activated and stabilized by the presence of Ca²⁺, whereas EDTA, N-bromosuccinimide, and α-cyclodextrin inhibited its bifunctional activities. A malto-2–4-oligosac-charide was the major product obtained from the enzymatic reaction on soluble starch, amylose, amylopectin, and glycogen. A single maltotriose product was found in the pullulan hydrolysis reaction using this recombinant amylopullulanase. Kinetic analysis of the enzyme indicated that the K _m values of α-amylase and pullulanase were 1.38 and 3.79 mg/mL, respectively, while the V _max values were 39 and 98 μmol/(min · mg of protein), respectively.     

双孔块状SiO2载体材料的孔结构及其酶活性的研究

SiO₂ monoliths with double-pore structure were synthesized with tetraethyl orthosilicate, polyethylene glycol, starch, ethanol and ammonia as the main raw materials via a sol-gel route. The effect of different content of starch of the samples was studied on the mesopore structure, macropore appearance, hydrothermal stability and enzyme activity to immobilize gluczyme. The results indicate that porous blocks with mesopores of 10～12 nm and macropores of 10～30 μm can be formed by the removal of polyethylene glycol and starch after heating at 600 ℃. The minimal density of the obtained samples was 0.34 g·cm^-3 and the maximal porosity was 76%. After being immersed in water at 80 ℃ for 7 d, the density, porosity and shape of N₂ adsorption-desorption curves of the samples were almost unchanged, showing that the sample has a good hydrothermal stability. The initial enzyme activity of sample P2KD30 was 11 190 U, and definite enzyme activity could be maintained after five cycles.     

CuO/Sn0.8Ti0.2O2催化剂的表征及对NO+CO反应活性研究

Reducibility and characteristics of CuO/Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂ catalysts were examined by using a microreactor-GC NO+CO reaction system, BET, TG-DTA, FTIR, XRD and H2-TPR techniques. CuO/Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂ had high activity in NO+CO reaction, showing 93% NO conversion at 300 ℃ in air, and 100% NO conversion at 225 ℃ after H₂ pretreatment. The pore size distribution of Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂ was mainly as micro-pores and meso-pores (1~5 nm), and the specific surface area and total pore volume of Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂ were 69 m²·g^-1 and 0.15 cm³·g^-1, respectively. As shown by XRD analysis, there was no CuO crystal diffraction peak at 9%CuO loading, but two CuO crystal diffraction peaks at 2θ 35.5° and 38.7° were present at 12% CuO loading. FTIR detected the adsorption of NO and CO on the surface of reduced 12%CuO/Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂. The Cu²⁺ sites and support surface adsorbed NO, and the process of NO adsorption led to the formation of N₂O and NO₃^-. In contrast, the Cu⁺、Cu⁰ sites and support surface adsorbed CO, and when the mixed gases of NO and CO were adsorbed by support surface, no NO₃^- was formed. H₂-TPR showed four reduction peaks (α, β, γ and δ). The α, β and γ peaks were the reductions of CuO species, and the δ peak was the reduction of Sn_0.8Ti_0.2O₂.     

水溶液中新型四氮杂二乙酸基取代大环及其镧系配合物的热力学研究

The protonation constants of the macrocycle H₂L¹ (c-meso-2,4,4,11,13,13-hexamethyl-1,5,10,14-tetraazacyclooctadecane-N,N＂-diacetic acids)were determined potentiometricly and by computer fitting in 0.5 mol·L^-1 KNO₃ solution at 25±0.1℃, 30±0.1℃ and 40±0.1℃. The stability constants of the 1∶1 complexes of H₂L¹ with La³⁺, Nd³⁺, Sm³⁺, Eu³⁺, Gd³⁺, Dy³⁺, Yb³⁺ were determined by the same method at 40±0.1℃. The ΔH、 ΔS and ΔG of the coodination reaction of H₂L¹ with H⁺ in the aqueous solution were found.     

Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Cu2＋ Using New Fluorogenic Reagent

A new synthesized fluorogenic reagent,8-[(2-pyridine)methylideneamino] quinoline (PMAQ), was utilized for spectrofluorimetric determination of Cu(II) at trace levels. PMAQ, a good fluorogenic reagent, though insoluble in water, but is soluble in ethanol and 20% ethanol-water. The excitation and the fluorescence wavelengths of PMAQ were 310 and 434 nm respectively. When the reagent was complexed with Cu(II), the fluorescence intensity decreased proportionally with the concentration of Cu(II) at pH 4.5 by a static quenching effect. The highest sensitivity to Cu^2＋ determination was shown to be at PMAQ concentration of 1.0×10^－5mol•L^－1. In order to enhance the quenching effect, the Cu(II)-PMAQ complex solution was kept at 22 ℃ for 20 min. Though the interferences by Co(II) and Fe(III) were very serious, they were however, completely eliminated by being masked with oxalate and ascorbate ions respectively. The linear dynamic range for Cu(II) determination was between 25—441 µg•L^－1 with the detection limit of 18 µg•L^－1 (RSD＝3.7%, n＝6). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of Cu(II) in real samples including human blood serum, commercial tea and wheat flour.     

DACO-CuⅡ-SCN-三元配合物的合成、表征及结构研究（DACO=1，5-二氮环辛烷）

A new mononuclear Cu^Ⅱ complex of DACO [Cu(DACO)₂(SCN)]·(SCN)·2H₂O (1) was prepared by introducing a co-ligand SCN^- anion. The crystal structure of 1 was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystallographic data are: monoclinic, P2₁/n, a=0.728 5(4) nm, b=2.479 0(15) nm, c=1.069 7(6) nm, β=93.861(10)°, V=1.927(2) nm³, Z=4. The Cu^Ⅱ atom takes the square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The SCN^- anions adopt both monodentate coordination and uncoordinated forms in the crystal. The coordinated cation, SCN^- counter anion and the lattice water molecules are further linked through hydrogen bonds to form a one-dimensional chain motif. The spectral and thermal properties of 1 were studied. CCDC: 243104.     

硫代乙酰胺体系电沉积法制备CdS纳米膜

The film of surface active agents spread out on the surface of the electrolyte of Thioacetamide and cadmium chloride. CdS nanofilm was deposited at the interface of surface active agents and electrolyt by the method of electrodeposition. The optimal conditions on which the nanofilm was prepared of the least crystals and uniform particles could be attained via analytical results of L₁₆(4⁵) orthogonal experiments. The optimal conditions: castor oil/hexadecanoll 0.06 mL·cm^-2，CdCl₂/CH₃CSNH₂ 4 mmol·L^-1, cell voltage 5 V, electrodeposition temperature 15 ℃. The effects on the grain size of temperature, surface-active agent, electrodyte concentration, cell voltage and pH become smaller in the series. If the temperature was high, the movement of molecules of surface-active agent and electrodyte would be faster, thus the preparation of the film would be difficult. The grain size of thinfilm varied with the surface-active agents, however, when the amount of surface-active agents reached a certain value, the grain size would remain unchanged. The higher the electrodyte concentration, the larger the grain size of nanofilm. The surface forms were changed at the same time. If the pH of the electrodyte was higher or lower, nanofilm could not be prepared successfully, thus the pH range should be is 3～6. SEM image of the nanofilm shows the occurance of dendrite. The sucessful preparation of nanofilm is closely related to the nature of surface activre agent due to the nanofilm growth mechanism.     

Determination of chromium(VI) and total chromium in water by in-electrode coulometric titration in a porous glassy carbon electrode

Chromium(VI) is determined through its direct electrochemical reduction in the bulk of a porous glassy carbon electrode. An electrode filled with the acidified sample and Cr(VI) is reduced by means of a constant current whereas the potential of the electrode is monitored. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 1.9 and 6.0 μg · L⁻¹, resp. The linear range, repeatability and reproducibility were found to be 5–500 μg · L⁻¹, 1.2, and 1.8%, resp. The influence of Fe(III), Ca(II), Mg(II), sulphates, nitrates, humic acids and surfactants was investigated. Total chromium was measured after chemical oxidation of Cr(III) to chromate by permanganate. The method was applied to analyses of water samples.