单嘧磺隆晶体-活性构象转换的分子动力学模拟

应用分子动力学模拟方法对单嘧磺隆在水、正辛醇和正辛烷3种不同溶剂中的构象行为、单嘧磺隆与3种溶剂之间的相互作用能及氢键相互作用进行了计算研究. 计算结果表明, 在3种不同的溶剂中, 单嘧磺隆的优势构象不同; 其构象转换过程, 特别是转换成活性构象的过程主要发生在水溶液中; 与溶剂分子间的相互作用是分子构象行为的决定因素; 单嘧磺隆的脲桥部分可以和含氢键接受体的溶剂形成氢键, 分子间与分子内氢键的竞争可能是从晶体构象转换成活性构象的主要驱动力.     

单嘧磺隆除草剂水解机理的理论研究

用量子化学中密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G*水平上, 对单嘧磺隆的水解机理进行了理论研究. 优化了反应过程中反应物、中间体、过渡态及产物的几何构型, 并对各个过渡态和中间体进行了振动分析确认其真实性. 结果表明: 在碱性条件下, 水解反应主要经历一个五元环的过渡态TS1, 该反应速控步骤的能垒为25.7 kJ/mol; 在中性条件下, 水解反应涉及到一个三元环的过渡态和两个四元环的过渡态, 反应的速控步骤为M3'＋H₂O→TS2', 能垒为236.5 kJ/mol. 从能量上看, 碱性条件更有利于水解反应的进行, 与实验结果吻合. 同时, 我们还考虑了溶剂效应对水解反应的影响.     

单嘧磺隆除草剂分子印迹聚合物的识别特性研究

为了研究印迹聚合物作为固相提取剂在环境分析中的应用,合成了以除草剂单嘧磺隆为印迹分子的印迹聚合物,通过平衡吸附和液相色谱的方法分析了印迹聚合物的识别特性,并研究了不同色谱条件对单嘧磺隆保留因子的影响研究结果表明,印迹聚合物对印迹分子具有很好的亲和性和特定的选择性,可作为固相提取剂,在单嘧磺隆的残留分析中,对土壤提取样品进行有效的富集与净化     

单嘧磺隆原药组成的定性和定量分析

磺酰脲类除草剂作用于乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS),对温血动物几乎无毒,磺酰脲活性分子必须含有胍桥,在胍桥间位须为双取代,而对位不能有任何取代基,分子中还须有一个杂环系统,前文从室内筛选出发,发现部分单一取代杂环的磺酰脲化合物也具有足够的除草活性,     

高效低毒除草剂氟嘧磺隆的合成

以硫脲和丙二酸二乙酯为起始原料,通过环化、甲基化、双氟甲氧基化、氧化、氨解、缩合6步单元反应,合成氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron,Ⅵ)及中间体Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ,反应总收率达30%. 在甲醇钠作用下,硫脲和丙二酸二乙酯环化得到中间体Ⅰ,再经巯基与硫酸二甲酯反应得到中间体Ⅱ,再经羟基与二氟一氯甲烷反应得到中间体Ⅲ,再经S原子被H2O2氧化得中间体Ⅳ,其甲基砜基团被氨基取代得中间体Ⅴ,目标产物Ⅳ由中间体Ⅴ与邻甲氧羰基苯磺酰异氰酸酯反应得到. 化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ的结构通过1H NMR、MS进行确证,其纯度通过HPLC进行检测.     

3’-叠氮’-去氧胸苷的密度泛函理论计算

利用量子化学密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和3-21G基组对HIV-1 逆转录酶抑制剂3’-叠氮-3’-去氧胸苷（AZT）中围绕核苷键的内旋转进行了计算研究,得到内旋势能曲线.对势能曲线上各驻点,又在B3LYP/6-31G水平上进行构型全优化和频率分析计算.在计算得到的势能曲线上有两个能量相近的极小点,其中一个能量极小点对应的构型的三个重要参数（P,x,和y）与在 3’-叠氮-3’-去氧胸苷5’-三磷酸盐与HIV-1逆转录酶结合时的AZT活性构型相符.     

3′-叠氮-3′-去氧胸苷的密度泛函理论计算

利用量子化学密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和3-21G基组对HIV-1 逆转录酶抑制剂3′-叠氮-3′-去氧胸苷(AZT)中围绕核苷键的内旋转进行了计算研究, 得到内旋势能曲线. 对势能曲线上各驻点, 又在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上进行构型全优化和频率分析计算. 在计算得到的势能曲线上有两个能量相近的极小点, 其中一个能量极小点对应的构型的三个重要参数(P, χ , 和γ )与在3′-叠氮-3′-去氧胸苷5′-三磷酸盐与HIV-1逆转录酶结合时的AZT活性构型相符.     

基于分子印迹电聚合膜传感器检测除草剂吡嘧磺隆

以除草剂吡嘧磺隆(PSE)为模板分子,邻氨基苯酚为功能单体,通过电化学聚合方法在金电极表面制备具有吡嘧磺隆分子孔穴的印迹薄膜,并采用循环伏安法和交流阻抗技术对传感器组装过程进行表征,差分脉冲伏安法对印迹膜传感器的识别性能进行测试。结果表明:在优化实验条件下,探针分子K3Fe(CN)6在印迹传感器上的峰电流响应值与PSE浓度在2~150μmol/L(r2=0.995)范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.65μmol/L。传感器具备较好的选择性和稳定性,对环境水样的加标回收率为97.6%~104.4%。     

肾上腺素与胞嘧啶相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）B3LYP方法和6-311＋G（d,p）基组对肾上腺素-胞嘧啶复合物进行结构优化和频率计算,得到15种稳定的复合物.研究发现,所有的复合物进行基组重叠误差（BSSE）校正后的相互作用能为-11.43^-48.96kJ/mol,符合氢键能量范围,相互作用能主要由氢键所贡献.结构和振动频率分析显示,氢键的形成使相应O（N）—H键的键长变长,对称伸缩振动频率减小,说明复合物中形成的氢键都是正常的红移型氢键.应用自然键轨道（NBO）理论和分子中的原子（AIM）理论对15种复合物的氢键性质和特征进行分析,发现氢键对于复合物的稳定性起着重要作用,当复合物形成2个或更多的氢键时,氢键的数目、类型及强度共同决定着复合物的稳定性,复合物基本符合三氢键〉二氢键〉单氢键的稳定顺序,三氢键复合物4是最稳定的,复合物3存在单氢键O—H…O,比部分二氢键复合物要稳定.     

4-羟甲基吡啶－水红移氢键的密度泛函理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法和6-311++G**基函数对4-羟甲基吡啶与水形成的1:1和1:2（摩尔比）氢键复合物进行了理论计算研究,分别得到稳定的4-羟甲基吡啶－H₂O和4-羟甲基吡啶－(H₂O)₂氢键复合物3个和8个。经基组重叠误差和零点振动能校正后,最稳定的1:1和1:2氢键复合物的相互作用能分别为-20.536和-44.246 kJ/mol。振动分析显示O-H···N(O)氢键的形成使复合物中O-H键对称伸缩振动频率红移(减小)。自然键轨道分析表明,4-羟甲基吡啶与水形成最稳定的1:1和1:2氢键复合物时,分子间电荷转移分别为0.02642 e 和0.03813 e 。含时密度泛函理论TD-B3LYP/ 6-311++G**计算显示,相对于4-羟甲基吡啶单体分子,氢键H-OH···N和H-OH···OH的形成分别使最大吸收光谱波长兰移8~16纳米和红移4~11纳米。     

Theoretical Study on the Structures,Spectra and Thermodynamic Property of Herbicidal Monosulfuron

The structure optimization and frequency calculation have been carried out at the B3LYP/6-31G* level towards herbicidal monosulfuron using density functional theory.The computed results showed that the intramolecular hydrogen bond N-H…N can stabilize the molecule.IR spectra,Raman spectra and thermodynamic properties under different temperatures were also obtained.The first vertical excited state electronic transition energy was calculated by time-dependent density function theory,and absorption wavelength of the lowest energy excitation was obtained at 339.59 nm,belonging to the near UV.These results provided the basis for studies on compound's structure-activity relationship.     

Density Functional Theory Study of the Interaction between Thymine and Luteolin

The density function B3LYP method has been used to optimize the geometries of the luteolin, thymine and luteolin‐thymine complexes at 6‐31+G?? basis. The vibrational frequencies have been studied at the same level to analyze these seventeen complexes, respectively. Theories of atoms in molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) have been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems. The interaction energies of the complexes corrected by basis set superposition error are between ?93.00–?76.69 kJ/mol. The calculating results indicate that strong hydrogen bonding interactions have been found in the luteolin‐thymine complexes.     

Density Functional Theory Study of the Interaction between Guanine and Catechin

The interacting patterns and mechanism of the catechin and guanine have been investigated with the density functional theory B3LYP method by 6‐31G* basis set. Fourteen stable structures for the catechin‐guanine complexes have been found which form two hydrogen bonds at least. The results indicate that the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions. At the same time, the number and strength of hydrogen bond play a co‐determinant parts in the stability of the complexes which can form two or more hydrogen bonds. Theories of atoms in molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) have been adopted to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all systems. The interaction energies of all complexes have been corrected for basis set superposition error (BSSE), ranging from ?38.86 to ?14.56 kJ/mol. The results showed that the hydrogen bonding contributes to the interaction energies dominantly. The corresponding bonds stretching motions in all complexes are red‐shifted relative to that of the monomer, which is in agreement with experimental results.     

新型异三聚体超分子的密度泛函计算及其晶体结构、热性能研究

运用密度泛函B3LYP方法,在6-31G^*水平上设计优化了丁二酮肟与苯甲酸通过四重氢键构筑的异三聚体超分子、此异三聚体的总能量比三个单体总能量之和低144．0816kJ／mol,四重氢键的平均键能约为36．0204kJ／mol,属中高强度;298．15K时吉布斯自由能变化△GT=-41．70kJ／mol,显示形成三聚体的反应可自发进行．在此设想指导下,实验合成出相关异三聚体,并得到了晶体结构,与预测的结构极为相似．热性能分析显示,此三聚体不是三个单体的简单叠加,而是一个不同于其单体的全新化合物．理论计算数据与实验结果的一致性,证明了理论计算的预见性．     

1,2,4-三氮杂苯-(H2O)n复合物氢键相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP/6-31++G**水平上对1,2,4-三氮杂苯-(H₂O)_n (n＝1, 2, 3)氢键复合物的基态进行了结构优化和能量计算, 结果表明复合物之间存在较强的氢键作用, 所有稳定复合物结构中形成一个N…H—O氢键并终止于弱O…H—C氢键的氢键水链的构型最稳定. 同时, 用含时密度泛函理论方法(TD-DFT)在TD-B3LYP/6-31++G**水平上计算了1,2,4-三氮杂苯单体及其氢键复合物的单重态第一¹(n, π^*)垂直激发能.     

Density Functional Theory Study on Interaction between Catechin and Thymine

The interacting patterns and mechanism of the catechin and thymine have been investigated with the density functional theory Becke's three-parameter nonlocal exchange functional and the Lee, Yang, and Parr nonlocal correlation functional (B3LYP) method by 6-31+G*basis set. Thirteen stable structures for the catechin-thymine complexes have been found which form two hydrogen bonds at least. The vibrational frequencies are also studied at the same level to analyze these complexes. The results indicated that catechin interactedwith thymine by three different hydrogen bonds as N-H…O、C-H…O、O-H…O and the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions. Theories of atoms in molecules and natural bond orbital have been adopted to investigate the hydrogen bondsinvolved in all systems. The interaction energies of all complexes have been corrected for basis set superposition error, which are from -18.15 kJ/mol to -32.99 kJ/mol. The results showed that the hydrogen bonding contribute to the interaction energies dominantly. The corresponding bonds stretching motions in all complexes are red-shifted relative to that of the monomer, which is in agreement with experimental results.     

Density Functional Theory Study on Hydrogen Bonding Interaction of Catechin-(H2O)n

Density functional theory B3LYP method with 6‐31G* basis set has been used to optimize the geometries of the catechin, water and catechin‐(H₂O)_n complexes. The vibrational frequencies have been studied at the same level to analyze these complexes. Six and eleven stable structures for the catechin‐H₂O and catechin‐(H₂O)₂ have been found, respectively. Theories of atoms in molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) have been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems. The interaction energies of all the complexes corrected by basis set superposition error, are from ?13.27 to ?83.56 kJ/mol. All calculations also indicate that there are strong hydrogen‐bonding interactions in catechin‐water complexes. The strong hydrogen‐bonding contributes to the interaction energies dominantly. The O–H stretching motions in all the complexes are red‐shifted relative to that of the monomer.     

1,2,4-三氮杂苯-(H2O)n复合物氢键相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP／6—31 G**水平上对1，2，4-三氮杂苯-(H2O)n(n=1，2，3)氢键复合物的基态进行了结构优化和能量计算，结果表明复合物之间存在较强的氢键作用，所有稳定复合物结构中形成一个N…H--O氢键并终止于弱O…H—C氢键的氢键水链的构型最稳定．同时，用含时密度泛函理论方法(TD—DPT)在TD—B3LYP／6—31 G**水平上计算了1,2，4-三氮杂苯单体及其氢键复合物的单重态第-1(n，π*)垂直激发能．