利用格点量子色动力学研究手征平滑过渡温度和手征相变温度

回顾了最近关于手征平滑过渡温度和手征相变温度的研究结果。首先给出了在零重子化学势能下的手征平滑过渡温度为156.5(1.5) MeV,其次,给出了在非零重子化学势能下手征相转变曲线的二阶及四阶曲率分别为0.012(4)和0.000(4)。接着讨论了在格点QCD中第一次得到的量子色动力学的手征相变温度。在热力学极限、连续极限及手征极限下,我们得到手征相变温度为132$^{+3}_{-6}$ MeV。     

格点量子色动力学在中国

<正>1.格点量子色动力学概述经过多年努力,人们已经成功地将自然界四种基本相互作用(强、弱、电磁、引力)中的前三种统一在量子场论的框架之中,即粒子物理的标准模型(Standard Model, SM)。该模型中关于强相互作用部分的基本理论是量子色动力学(Quantum Chromodynamics,QCD),它在高能区和低能区呈现出迥     

格点量子色动力学蒸馏算法中关联函数的计算优化

格点量子色动力学(格点QCD)是一种以量子色动力学为基础,被广泛应用于强相互作用相关计算的理论,作为一种可以给出精确可靠理论结果的研究方法,近年来随着计算机能力的提升,正在发挥着越来越重要的作用.蒸馏算法是格点QCD中计算强子关联函数的一种重要数值方法,可以提高所计算物理量的信噪比.但用它来构造关联函数时,同样面临着数...     

量子色动力学在有限温度密度区间的相结构

本文综述量子色动力学在有限温度密度区间的相结构,包括高密条件下的色超导态和在高温条件下相对论重离子碰撞实验中产生的强耦合夸克-胶子等离子体。我们简要地介绍在相对论重离子碰撞实验中发现强耦合夸克-胶子等离子体的历史,并且讨论用体粘滞系数与熵的比值确定QCD临界点的可能性。对于在高密区域的相结构,我们着重讨论错位配对情况下的非标准色超导态,解释无能隙色超导态的色磁不稳定性、Sarma不稳定性和Higgs不稳定性.     

在格点上构造计算胶球质量的新途径

发展了一种为了计算胶球质量而构造格点算符的新途径.基于所选用算符的连续极限与状态量子数JPC两者之间的联系,状态的自旋就可以在数值模拟中唯一和直接地被确定下来.进而,这一途径可以被应用于计算任意自旋J的胶球质量.在淬火近似下,给出在SU(3)纯规范场中0⁺⁺态和2⁺⁺态胶球质量的初步结果,它们分别是1754(85)(86)MeV和2417(56)(117)MeV.     

具有动力学破缺的模型在有限温度和密度下的手征相变

作为一种定性的指导,本文用近似方法考察了具有动力学破缺的模型的手征对称性恢复相变.建立了模型的自洽方程;给出了费米子的凝聚和质量以及系统的能量密度和比热对温度和密度的依赖关系.结果表明在零化学势和有限温度情况,手征相变是二级相变,而在有限温度和密度及零温有限密度情况,手征相变是一级相变且从破缺相到正常相的转变温度或密度不同于从正常相到破缺相的转变温度或密度.     

带有质量的Wilson费米子的格点Schwinger模型中M_V对m的变化率的计算

用变分法计算带有质量的Ｗｉｌｓｏｎ费米子的格点Ｓｃｈｗｉｎｇｅｒ模型中矢量介子的质量Ｍ，从而求出Ｍ、对费米子质量ｍ的变化率Ｍｖ／ｍ（ｍ＝０处），结果与连续理论的准确解十分接近．     

多个含不同质量项的费米子矩阵求逆算法

在格点量子色动力学的模拟中,Rational Hybrid Monte Carlo (RHMC)算法是一种精确的,能应用到任意多个味道数的费米子的方法.它的思想是把费米子行列式展开为有理函数的形式.但该方法会带来很多彼此相差一个常对角矩阵的矩阵的求逆的计算,消耗大量的时间和计算资源,限制了RHMC算法的应用.本文利用移位多项式,针对共轭梯度法得到多个含有不同质量项的矩阵求逆的一种方法,该方法可以应用到RHMC算法中.     

带有质量的Wilson费米子的格点Schwinger模型中Mv对m的变化率的计算

用变分法计算带有质量的Wilson费米子的格点Schwinger模型中矢量介子的质量M,从而求出M、对费米子质量m的变化率M_v/m(m=0处),结果与连续理论的准确解十分接近.     

量子色动力学在有限温度密度区间的相结构(英文)

本文综述量子色动力学在有限温度密度区间的相结构,包括高密条件下的色超导态和在高温条件下相对论重离子碰撞实验中产生的强耦合夸克-胶子等离子体。我们简要地介绍在相对论重离子碰撞实验中发现强耦合夸克-胶子等离子体的历史,并且讨论用体粘滞系数与熵的比值确定QCD临界点的可能性。对于在高密区域的相结构,我们着重讨论错位配对情况下的非标准色超导态,解释无能隙色超导态的色磁不稳定性、Sarma不稳定性和Higgs不稳定性.     

The deconfining phase transition in lattice quantum chromodynamics

We present a large-scale Monte Carlo calculation of the deconfining phase transition temperature in lattice quantum chromodynamics without fermions. Using the Wilson action, the transition temperature as a function of the lattice couplingg is consistent with scaling behavior dictated by the perturbativeα function for 6/g²>6.15. Speaker at the conference; on leave from CRIP, Budapest.     

A survey of lattice results on finite temperature quantum chromodynamics

The talk summarizes some new results of lattice investigations of QCD at finite temperature. The topics discussed cover the flavor dependence of the critical temperature and the equation-of-state as well as hadronic correlation functions.     

The Chou-Yang model,lattice quantum chromodynamics and hyperon-proton elastic scattering

The hyperon form factors obtained by using lattice quantum chromodynamics have been used in the Chou-Yang model in conjunction with the proton form factor obtained by parametrization of the experimental data including the most recent results to obtain differential cross-sections of hyperon-proton elastic reactions. The agreement with available experimental data verifies lattice QCD results at low momentum transfers.     

Chiral phase transitions in quantum chromodynamics at finite temperature: Hard-thermal-loop resummed Dyson-Schwinger equation in the real time formalism

Chiral phase transition in thermal QCD is studied by using the Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equation in the real time hard thermal loop approximation. Our results on the critical temperature and the critical coupling are significantly different from those in the preceding analyses in the ladder DS equation, showing the importance of properly taking into account the essential thermal effects, namely the Landau damping and the unstable nature of thermal quasiparticles.     

Phase transition in finite density and temperature lattice QCD

We investigate the behavior of the chiral condensate in lattice QCD at finite temperature and finite chemical potential. The study was done using two flavors of light quarks and with a series of β and ma at the lattice size 24×12²×6. The calculation was done in the Taylor expansion formalism. We are able to calculate the first and second order derivatives of <ψψ> in both isoscalar and isovector channels. With the first derivatives being small, we find that the second derivatives are sizable close to the phase transition and that the magnitude of ψψ decreases under the influence of finite chemical potential in both channels.     

Phase transition for a one-dimensional lattice gas with hard core

Existence of a phase transition is proved for a one-dimensional lattice gas with long-range interaction and nearest neighbor exclusion.     

Kosterlitz-Thouless transition for the finite-temperatured=2+1,U(1) Hamiltonian lattice gauge theory

We prove that in thed=2+1,U(1) Hamiltonian (continuous time) lattice gauge theory the confining potential between two static external charges grows logarithmically with their distance, at sufficiently high temperatures. As it is known that for zero or low temperatures and large coupling constant the model confines linearly, we have therefore established the existence of a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Our results are based on a Mermin-Wagner type of argument combined with correlation inequalities and known results for the two-dimensional (spin) Villain model.     

Possible phase transition of anisotropic frustrated Heisenberg model at finite temperature

The frustrated spin-1/2 J_1a–J_1b–J₂ antiferromagnet with anisotropy on the two-dimensional square lattice was investigated, where the parameters J_1aand J_1b represent the nearest neighbor exchanges and along the x and y directions, respectively. J₂ represents the next-nearest neighbor exchange. The anisotropy includes the spatial and exchange anisotropies. Using the double-time Green’s function method, the effects of the interplay of exchanges and anisotropy on the possible phase transition of the Néel state and stripe state were discussed. Our results indicated that, in the case of anisotropic parameter 0≤η<1, the Néel and stripe states can exist and have the same critical temperature as long as J₂ = J_1b/2. Under such parameters, a first-order phase transformation between the Néel and stripe states can occur below the critical point. For J₂ ≠J_1b/2, our results indicate that the Néel and stripe states can also exist, while their critical temperatures differ. When J₂>J_1b/2, a first-order phase transformation between the two states may also occur. However, for J₂<J_1b/2, the Néel state is always more stable than the stripe state.     

A nonperturbative variational approach to the vacuum structure in quantum chromodynamics

We study the vacuum structure in QCD in a nonperturbative manner using a variational approach with gluon condensates. We show that in Coulomb gauge as the coupling becomes moderately strong, the perturbative vacuum of QCD becomes unstable leading to gluon condensates and a gauge dependent effective mass for the gluons related to the gauge independent value of 〈vac‖G _μν ^a G ^aμν‖vac〉 of Shifmanet al.     

Phase transitions and reflection positivity for a class of quantum lattice systems

We prove a form of reflection positivity in planes containing sites for a class of quantum lattice systems. As an application, a proof is given of a phase transition for the Fisher-stabilized Ising antiferromagnet in an external magnetic field with parallel and transverse components, both by the method of infrared bounds and by a suitable version of the Peierls argument. We also discuss the spherical model in an appendix.