月季花瓣组织传感器及其动力学响应机理的研究

利用月季花瓣研制了对L-谷氨酰胺(L-Gln)选择响应的新型组织传感器。该传感器的线性范围为1.0×10~(-4)～1.1×10~(-2)molL;检测下限为3.2×10~(-5)mol/L;斜率为50 mV/pGln;考察了传感器的响应初速和底物浓度的关系;测定了月季花瓣中L-谷氨酰胺脱氨酶的米氏常数Km及酶促反应最大速度Vm。     

N^2（p—甲基苯磺酰）—L—谷氨酰胺的晶体结构测定

谷氨酰胺衍生物抗瘤酮A_(10)(3-苯乙酰胺基-2,6-哌啶二酮)是从人尿、血液中分离出来的天然广谱性抗肿瘤活性化合物,无明显毒副作用,目前正进行Ⅱ期临床研究.其抗肿瘤的有效成分被认为是它的2个水解产物苯乙酰谷氨酰胶和苯乙酰异谷氨酰胺。De和Pal曾对抗瘤酮A_(10)的类似物如3-对甲苯磺酰胺基-2,6-哌啶二酮等做过抗艾氏腹水癌活性评价,探讨了构效关系.但未见这些化合物的空间结构和电子结构方面的报道.我们合成了抗艾氏腹水癌活性较高的化合物3-对甲苯磷酰胺基-2,6-哌啶二酮的水解产物——对甲苯磺酰谷氨酰胺,并测定了其晶体结构。为进一步研究其分子结构与抗肿瘤活性的关系提供结构数据。     

L-谷氨酰胺、谷氨酰胺分解酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶对豚鼠CAP阈值的影响

本文用负直流电300μA(—DC300μA)刺激豚鼠耳蜗圆窗,耗尽耳蜗突触前毛细胞内递质,然后分别用L-谷氯酰胺、谷氨酰胺分解酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶灌流鼓阶。结果表明,谷氨酰胺灌流后,耳蜗神经的CAP阈值明显提高,并使电刺激耳蜗圆窗所导致的CAP阈值的升高加速恢复。用谷氨酰胺合成酶灌流耳蜗鼓阶后能提高CAP阈值50dB,而用谷氨酰胺分解酶灌流则对CAP阈值影响很小。该结果提示L-谷氨酰胺可能为豚鼠耳蜗兴奋性传入递质的候选者。     

聚氯乙烯膜金离子选择性电极的研制和应用

用四苯鉮(Ph_4As)-AuCl_4或藏红T-AuCl_4作为电活性物质与不同溶剂做成聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜金离子选择性电极。最佳的膜组成是:Ph_4AsAuCl_40.010克;邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.210克:PVC 0.170克。用此膜做成的电极对AuCl_4在1×10~(-5)—2×10~(-3)M范围内接近能斯特响应,检测下限为1.6×10~(-5)M,响应时间约1分钟(10~(-3)M时)电极寿命在四个月以上,稳定性和选择性良好,可用于矿石中金的测定。本文还对溶解度参数的应用作了初步探讨。     

L-丙氨酰-L-谷氨酰胺的合成反应研究

以L-乳酸乙酯和L-谷氨酰胺为原料,通过L-乳酸乙酯氯化、水解、酰化得到D-2-氯-丙酰基氯,再将D-2-氯-丙酰基氯与4-谷氨酰胺缩合后氨解,得到目标化合物,总收率43%,纯度(HPLC)大于98%。缩合反应的溶剂甲苯不需要脱水处理。重点讨论了中间体D-2-氯-丙酸的合成。     

铊(Ⅰ)离子电化学传感器的研究 1.光聚合铊离子敏感膜电极

以合成的二种含16-冠-5衍生物的肉桂酸酯分别制得光聚合敏感膜涂铜棒和PVC膜铊(1)离子电极。涂铜棒电极对Tl~+的响应线性范围为3×10~(-5)～1×10~(-2)mol/L,斜率为48mV/pTl~+,选择系数K_(Tl)_+~(pot),k~+=0.12比之相应的PVC膜电极有较长的寿命。     

酮型烃型双(4′-苯并-12-冠-4)钠电极的研究

利用合成的亚辛基、亚壬基、亚癸基、辛二酰、壬二酰和癸二酞双(4＇-苯并-12-冠-4)制成了PVC膜钠离子选择电极,研究了各种增塑剂,载体结构,膜组分和不同浓度内充液与电极性能的关系。邻硝基苯辛醚增塑的亚辛基双冠醚钠电极有较好的选择性,选择系数对Li~+、K~+、NH_4~+分别为1.3×10~(-3),8×10~(-2)和6×10~(-3)。对Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Sr~(2+),Ba~(2+)均小于2×10~(-4)。线性范围:2×10~(-5)～10~(-1)mol/L(NaCl)。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液中铝的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液中铝含量的方法。移取供试品7.5 mL共6份,分别置于6个15 mL塑料离心管中,各加入一定量的铝标准溶液,再用5%(体积分数)硝酸溶液稀释至刻度,摇匀,经0.22μm水膜过滤,得到供试品加标溶液系列,标准加入法定量。ICP-MS分析中选择雾化气稀释高基体样品引入-氦气碰撞(HMI-He)模式。结果显示:某供试品加标溶液中铝的质量浓度在30.00μg·L^(-1)内与其对应的响应值呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.88μg·L^(-1);对供试品加标溶液进行精密度试验,铝测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.0%;对同一供试品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为101%~106%。方法用于12批丙氨酰谷氨酰胺注射液的分析,铝的检出量为20.00~31.22μg·L^(-1)。     

钙离子选择性微电极的研制

研制了有机磷酸盐为活性物质的PVC膜钙离子选择性微电极。电极尖端直径小至4μm,浓度线性范围为10~(-1)-10~(-7)M (10~(-5)M以下采用EDTA体系的金属离子缓冲液配制),检测下限可达2.2×10~(-8)M,选择性系数K~(Pot)Ca,K2.0×10~(-5)、K~(Pot)Ca,Na2.2×10~(-5)、K~(Pot)Ca,Mg2.7×10~(-3),pH适用范围4-10,血清试样中测量游离钙活度的相对标准偏差为4.7％。探讨了影响电极性能的一些因素。曾用该电极测定了某些生理、生化及临床微量试样中的钙离子活度,获得了较好的结果。     

5—羟色胺敏感膜电极的研究 Ⅰ.离子缔合型5—羟色胺膜电极的研制

5-羟色胺(5-HT)与许多疾病的发生和发展有关。应用正交试验,研究了离子缔合型5-HT敏感膜电极的最优化膜组成。筛选了由3种定域体,7种增塑剂组成的213个配方,选定了以四苯硼-5-HT离子缔合物为活性物、磷酸三(2-乙基己基)酯为增塑剂的涂碳PVC膜电极。电极各项性能良好,其线性范围为1.00×10~(-2)～1.58×10~(-5)mol/L,检测下限为4.17×10~(-6)mol/L,斜率为59.7mV/p5-HT。电极寿命超过39天,用混合溶液法测定了体液中可能存在的17种物质的选择性系数。已用该电极测定了牛血小板中的5-HT。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.