两亲分子结构对铜网表面生长的Cu2S纳米材料形貌的影响

观察到两亲分子的结构对铜网表面生长的Cu2S一维纳米材料的形貌有较大的影响,含羧酸的强亲水型两亲分子--N-硬脂酰-L-谷氨酸有助于形成纳米线,而把两个羧基全部转化为酯基后,则倾向于形成具有分形结构的纳米带.     

添加Cu2S对Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体系超导性的影响

本文对Cu_2S添加的Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体系进行了低温电阻、X射线衍射和XPS研究．实验结果表明，加入少量的Cu_2S能够降低高T_c相的形成温度，改善超导性能，加入Cu_2S引起了Cu 2p_(3/2)谱的主峰向低结合能方向移动，并减少其卫星峰的面积．这表明Cu_2S的加入减少了Cu~(2+)的量，即导致空穴载流子浓度的减小．     

制备条件对Cu2S光阴极性能的影响

制备了Cu2S纳米材料,研究了制备条件对Cu2S形貌及催化多硫离子还原性能的影响,并将最优条件下制备的Cu2S作为光阴极应用在量子点敏化太阳能电池上.在Cu2S的制作过程中,盐酸对铜片的预处理及铜片和多硫化钠溶液的反应是影响Cu2S性能的两个重要过程.研究结果表明:得到的Cu2S为纳米片组成的花瓣状结构,且随着盐酸浓度的增大和处理时间的延长,表面逐渐变得粗糙和多孔,这有利于增加其表面积,因此Cu2S和多硫电解质之间的界面电荷转移电阻逐渐减小.另外,铜和多硫化钠溶液反应生成Cu2S是一个非常快的过程,反应时间不宜过长,否则Cu2S膜会断裂.在保证Cu2S具有良好催化性能的前提下优化得到的最经济省时的制备条件是:盐酸的浓度为30%,预处理时间为40min,和多硫化钠反应的时间为10s.用此条件下制备的Cu2S作为光阴极组装成量子点敏化太阳能电池达到了4.01%高的光电转化效率.     

水溶性聚合物和两亲聚合物23.两亲聚合物PAMC16S对螺(噁)嗪化学和物理行为的影响

研究了两亲聚合物聚 (2 -丙烯酰胺基十六烷磺酸 ) (PAMC16S)存在下 1 -乙基 -3 ,3 -二甲基螺 [吲哚啉 -萘并口恶嗪 ](SO -E)在水溶液中的增溶作用及PAMC16S对SO -E化学和光化学性质的影响。PAMC16S明显增加了SO -E在水相的溶解性 ,SO -E的最大增溶浓度随PAMC16S浓度增加呈线性增加规律。在PAMC16S存在下 ,新配制的SO -E溶液显示可逆的光致变色性 ,显色体呈红色 ,最大吸收峰位于 5 2 0nm ,在室温下的消色反应速度明显慢于无PAMC16S存在下的兰色显色体。SO -E/PAMC16S溶液是不稳定的 ,配制后较长时间即失去SO -E的正常光致变色性质。盐酸具有与PAMC16S相似的作用 ,SO -E/PAMC16S体系的不稳定性可用氨水中和的方法解决。1H -NMR结果表明SO -E在酸性介质中发生了不可逆的化学反应。     

复合纳米材料Cu2O@Au对水体中罗丹明B的检测应用研究

制备了多面体Cu2 O纳米粒子,利用Cu2 O的还原性,在其表面原位生成了不同密度的Au纳米粒子,制备了Au、Cu共同增强拉曼信号的复合纳米粒子Cu2 O@Au.利用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对制备的Cu2 O和Cu2 O@Au的形貌、粒径、表面性能等进行了表征.研究了Cu2 O表面金纳米粒子的分布密度对水样中目标检测物罗丹明B的拉曼增强效果.结果表明,氯金酸浓度在1 mmol/L时制备的Cu2 O@Au表面均匀覆盖一层金纳米粒子,其表面增强拉曼效果最为显著,对水样中罗丹明B检测范围为1×10-2~5×10-6 mol/L.研究了此探针在PBS(1×)和酸性水溶液(0.01 mol/L HCl)中的稳定性,并将其用于沂河水样中靶标的检测实验,结果表明,其稳定性较好.     

表面Cu2O纳米颗粒修饰高效促进γ-Bi2MoO6的可见光催化活性

采用水热法在γ-Bi₂MoO₆光催化剂表面修饰了纳米级Cu₂O, 得到了具有高效可见光响应的复合光催化材料, 并利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis-DRS)等技术对其相结构、微观形貌和光吸收性能进行了表征. 在可见光条件下(λ>400 nm)考察了Cu₂O表面修饰对γ-Bi₂MoO₆光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)性能的促进作用. 结果表明, 纳米级Cu₂O(~10 nm)颗粒均匀地修饰于γ-Bi₂MoO₆的表面, 使γ-Bi₂MoO₆的可见光吸收带发生明显红移, 且吸收强度大幅提高, 增强了复合材料光生电子-空穴对的分离效率, 从而使复合材料表现出较高的光催化活性. 当Cu₂O的表面修饰量为1.5%(w)时, 复合光催化剂降解MB的活性与纯γ-Bi₂MoO₆相比提高了6.4倍.     

搅拌条件下电流密度对Cu镀层的结构和表面形貌的影响

电沉积;晶体取向;搅拌条件下电流密度对Cu镀层的结构和表面形貌的影响     

Cu(100)表面HCOO对CO2吸附的稳定作用

采用广义梯度近似(GGA)的密度泛函理论(DFT)(DFT-GGA)并结合平板模型, 研究了CO2在HCOO 修饰Cu(100)表面的吸附行为. 计算结果表明, 与清洁Cu(100)表面相比较, CO2在HCOO修饰的Cu(100)表面的吸附强度增强, 其线性对称性不存在. 究其原因可归结为HCOO的存在使CO2分子带有部分极性, 从而使其与Cu(100)表面的作用增强.     

Cu/SiO2表面性质对甲醇脱氢反应性能的影响

甲醇催化脱氢是将甲醇转化为其它有机化学品的一条有效途径,该反应的产物依反应条件以及催化剂不同有可能是无水甲醛、甲酸甲酯或CO’‘－”．很多研究结果表明铜基催化剂对甲醇脱氢反应表现出较好的催化性能’‘－”,但催化剂的表面结构对其反应性能的影响以及反应过程中由于催化剂结构变化引起的活性和选择性的变化规律还缺乏深入研究．本文以Cll／Sic。为研究对象,考察了制备方法对催化剂甲醇脱氧反应性能的影响．1实验部分1．1催化剂制备负载型催化剂以微球型Sic。作为载体（BET比表面积3635mZ·g－‘）,分别以钢氨溶液和硝酸铜…     

载体表面性质对Cu/ZrO2催化剂CO加氢反应行为的影响

用XRD、LRS、NH₃-TPD、CO₂-TPD和CO-FTIR等表征手段考察了不同温度焙烧的氧化锆表面性质的差别,特别是表面酸碱性的差异对Cu/ZrO₂催化剂CO加氢反应行为的影响。结果表明,不同温度焙烧的氧化锆表面酸碱性具有较大的差异,其中以450℃焙烧的氧化锆具有较高的表面碱性和最低酸性。这些表面性质的差异对于Cu/ZrO₂催化剂的CO吸附行为产生较大的影响,进而影响CO的加氢反应活性。以450℃焙烧的氧化锆为载体时,Cu/ZrO₂催化剂具有较好的反应活性。     

Mo-Doped Cu2S Multilayer Nanosheets Grown In Situ on Copper Foam for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Metal sulfide electrocatalyst is developed as a cost-effective and promising candidate for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, we report a novel Mo-doped Cu₂S self-supported electrocatalyst grown in situ on three-dimensional copper foam via a facile sulfurization treatment method. Interestingly, Mo-Cu₂S nanosheet structure increases the electrochemically active area, and the large fleecy multilayer flower structure assembled by small nanosheet facilitates the flow of electrolyte in and out. More broadly, the introduction of Mo can adjust the electronic structure, significantly increase the volmer step rate, and accelerate the reaction kinetics. As compared to the pure Cu₂S self-supported electrocatalyst, the Mo-Cu₂S/CF show much better alkaline HER performance with lower overpotential (18 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², 322 mV at 100 mA cm⁻²) and long-term durability. Our work constructs a novel copper based in-situ metal sulfide electrocatalysts and provides a new idea to adjust the morphology and electronic structure by doping for promoting HER performance.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Hexathiometadiphosphate Cu2P2S6

Copper hexathiometadiphosphate, Cu₂P₂S₆, was synthesized and characterized. Brick‐red copper hexathiometadiphosphate Cu₂P₂S₆ crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4₂/mnm (no. 136) with a = b = 5.2565(7), c = 15.066(3) Å and V = 416.3(1) ų in a novel structure type. This is the first hexathiometadiphosphate, whose crystal structure is based on a slightly distorted cubic closest packing of sulfur atoms. 1/3 of the tetrahedral voids are occupied by Cu and P in an ordered fashion, thus resulting in a layered structure. The structural motif of layers composed of corner‐sharing CuS₄ tetrahedra (comparable to red HgI₂) that are separated by [P₂S₆]^2– anions orientated perpendicular to these layers, is rarely found in solid state chemistry. The compound is diamagnetic and shows negligible electronic conductivity. Electronic structure calculations and UV/Vis measurements point to a bandgap in the visible range and explain the red color of the compound. Additionally, the oxidation state +1 for Cu was confirmed by the electronic structure calculations. The thermal properties of Cu₂P₂S₆ were investigated by DTA.     

The Photophysics and Photochemistry of Melanin- Like Nanomaterials Depend on Morphology and Structure

Melanin-like nanomaterials have found application in a large variety of high economic and social impact fields as medicine, energy conversion and storage, photothermal catalysis and environmental remediation. These materials have been used mostly for their optical and electronic properties, but also for their high biocompatibility and simplicity and versatility of preparation. Beside this, their chemistry is complex and it yields structures with different molecular weight and composition ranging from oligomers, to polymers as well as nanoparticles (NP). The comprehension of the correlation of the different compositions and morphologies to the optical properties of melanin is still incomplete and challenging, even if it is fundamental also from a technological point of view. In this minireview we focus on scientific papers, mostly recent ones, that indeed examine the link between composition and structural feature and photophysical and photochemical properties proposing this approach as a general one for future research.     

微波热解法制备Cu/Cu2O纳米材料

在二乙二醇溶剂体系中利用微波介电加热分解醋酸铜前体,进一步还原得到Cu2O和Cu纳米粒子以及Cu/Cu2O核壳结构。 采用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和紫外吸收光谱测试技术对产物的形貌、结构和组成进行了研究,结果表明,得到的Cu/Cu2O核壳结构直径为500 nm左右。 对比实验研究了不同聚合度乙二醇系列溶剂、反应时间以及表面活性剂或配位剂对产物形貌、组成的影响,表明低聚合度乙二醇和长的反应时间有利于醋酸铜还原形成铜。     

Effects of Ga-flux on Optical Properties and Morphology of GaN Grown via Molecular Beam Epitaxy

A series of GaN layers was grown on sapphire (0001) substrates under various growth conditions by means of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method, the optical characteristics and surface morphologies of the samples were studied. The results show that the line width of the GaN emission gradually decreases and the peak shifts under the Ga-rich condition by increasing the Ga-flux on keeping all other growth conditions unchanged. It has been also found that the resulted morphology is directly related to the Ga-flux.     

Morphology evolution of Cu(2-x)S nanoparticles: from spheres to dodecahedrons

An oriented attachment and growth mechanism allows an accurate control of the size and morphology of Cu(2-x)S nanocrystals, from spheres and disks to tetradecahedrons and dodecahedrons. The synthesis conditions and the growth mechanism are detailed here.     

The Crystal Structure of Ba2Cu2AlF11: a New Structure Type in Copper Fluoride Crystal Chemistry

Ba₂Cu₂AlF₁₁ is trigonal: a = 7.301(1) Å, c = 14.145(2) Å, γ = 120°, Z = 3. The crystal structure was solved in the space group P3₂ (n° 145), from X-ray single crystal data using 2675 unique reflections (2476 with F/σ(F) > 4). It consists in a complex tridimensional arrangement of copper-fluorine and aluminium-fluorine octahedra, with an original kind of linkage which involves simultaneously edges and vertices.     

Surfactant-Free Fabrication of Copper Sulfides (CuS, Cu2S) via Hydrothermal Method

Copper sulfide nanoparticles have been synthesized from copper salicylate and thioglycolic acid by a hydrothermal method. The obtained product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The effect of reaction time, temperature, solvent and sulfur sources was investigated.