受迫振动实验数据处理方案的探讨

本文修改了现行教学用网络数据处理系统中的幅频特性描述和求解阻尼系数的方法,采用非线性拟合,不仅能直观描述蜗卷弹簧性能的差异,同时可以从拟合曲线中方便地求解实验的阻尼系数.这是一种实时的数据处理方式,研究结果可成为仪器生产单位数据处理软件的开发方案,为实验室教师机上显示各组仪器的特性曲线和求解阻尼系数提供了一种更直接的方式.     

利用视频分析测量阻尼振子的阻尼系数

文中利用视频捕捉和分析软件研究空气中弹簧振子的阻尼运动,在较高时间分辨率下得到其完整的位置数据。通过使用MATLAB软件对这些数据进行分析及拟合,得到了振子振幅衰减曲线并由此测量出弹簧振子在空气中的阻尼系数。     

受迫振动阻尼复摆实验仪

利用自制受迫振动阻尼复摆实验仪可以研究物体在受迫振动时的各种振动状况和规律,以及在有阻尼和无阻尼情况下的幅频特性曲线和相频特性曲线,并可以测量共振状况下的阻尼系数.利用该仪器还可以研究复摆的运动规律和计算方法及大角度摆的振动状况,实验曲线可显示在5.6英寸彩色液晶屏上.该液晶屏可将屏幕图形定格、拉伸放大,便于测量和计算.     

基于竖直平面圆弧轨道的阻尼因数测量

利用圆柱体在自制圆弧轨道上的弱阻尼运动测量阻尼因数.通过Tracker视频分析软件对阻尼运动视频进行分析,得到运动曲线,并利用Origin软件对运动曲线进行拟合,根据拟合曲线方程得到阻尼因数的测量值.本实验可对阻尼因数的测量提供参考.     

利用阻尼振动测量气垫导轨阻尼系数的新思路

利用气垫导轨上两根弹簧连接滑块做阻尼振动的模型,通过求解阻尼振动方程推算得到了滑块运动的最大速度衰减式,从而求得气垫导轨的阻尼系数.此外,从品质因数的角度推算阻尼系数的计算式,在阻尼很小时,该方法可视为最大速度衰减法的近似.通过气垫导轨阻尼振动实验,测量振幅、周期和光电门遮光时间等物理量,利用最大速度衰减和品质因数法得出阻尼系数的值非常接近.进一步对做阻尼振动的滑块拍摄视频,通过慢放视频得到其振动过程中振幅的衰减值,利用最大振幅衰减法计算出阻尼系数,所得结果与上述两种方法的数值符合较好,从另一个角度证明了本文提出的最大速度衰减法和品质因数法测阻尼系数的可靠性,该类方法在实验中易于操作、实践性强、所得结论可靠,为气垫导轨阻尼系数的测量提供了一种新的思路.     

利用欠阻尼振动测液体粘滞系数实验研究

实验通过分别测量无阻尼振动和受到阻尼振动时系统的实时受力,用Origin软件对实验数据进行非线性拟合,将两种情况下的角频率进行对比,得到了液体的阻尼系数,并给出了液体的粘滞系数。     

孔型阻尼密封非定常气流激振特性的研究

采用自编理想气体两控制容积bulk flow计算程序及非定常数值求解方法,对孔型阻尼密封内的非定常气流激振特性开展了研究。利用实验测量得到的孔型阻尼密封转子动力特性系数,对两种两控制容积bulk flow方法、3种湍流模型的计算精度进行了考核。研究表明:本文的理想气体两控制容积bulk flow计算程序预测精度与等温bulk flow程序ISOTSEAL相近;非定常数值求解结果比bulk flow方法预测的结果更接近实验值;阻尼密封内湍流效应比较显著,但温度变化十分微弱,采用合理的湍流模型是提高孔型阻尼密封转子动力特性系数非定常求解精度的有效方法。     

质量和频率随时间变化的受迫谐振子的传播子

质量和频率随时间变化的谐振子可描述许多物理系统,研究和求解含时系统在量子场论和量子光学中有重要的意义.本文用SU(1,1)李代数的方法求解了质量和频率随时间变化的谐振子系统.通过求解黎卡提方程,得到系统算符的系数.在相空间推导了体系传播子的计算公式.最后,计算了自由粒子、受重力场驱动、质量随周期变化和阻尼谐振子的传播子.     

受迫振动法研究压强变化对气体阻尼系数的影响

采用弹性摆受迫振动时幅频特性对阻尼的依赖关系为依据,借助非接触电磁激振装置和（AX1001）单片机,通过测量所得的幅频特性曲线算出相应的阻尼系数。在密闭的环境下,改变空气的压强得到相应数值下的空气阻尼系数,最终,给出空气阻尼系数与压强之间的关系。     

用T r a c k e r软件分析油浸弹簧振子的阻尼振动

利用T r a c k e r视频软件的自动追踪功能, 有效地跟踪油浸弹簧振子的阻尼振动, 实时描绘出振动的位 移 时间图像, 利用软件自带的功能拟合出振动曲线方程, 计算出该弹簧振子的阻尼系数, 并通过转换坐标得到运动 的相图     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.